Abstract: A laminate includes a protective layer; a substrate layer; and a sealant layer, laminated in this order, wherein the substrate layer and the sealant layer contain polyethylene, the protective layer contains a thermosetting resin or a resin having a melting point of 160° C. or higher, and a ratio of polyethylene in the laminate is 90 mass % or more.

Abstract: A laminate according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a laminate including a substrate layer, a sealant layer, and an adhesive layer disposed between the substrate layer and the sealant layer, the adhesive layer being in contact with the sealant layer, in which the substrate layer is formed from an unstretched film containing a polyethylene having a density of 0.940 g/cm3 or more as a main component, the sealant layer is formed from an unstretched film containing a polyethylene as a main component, and a content of polyethylene occupying the laminate is 90% by mass or more.

Abstract: This multilayer body is provided with a base layer, an intermediate layer, a heat seal layer, a first adhesive layer that is provided between the base layer and the intermediate layer, and a second adhesive layer that is provided between the intermediate layer and the heat seal layer. The base layer, the intermediate layer, and the heat seal layer are configured to include polyethylene. In a case where the base layer is a stretched polyethylene film, the intermediate layer is an unstretched polyethylene film, and in a case where the intermediate layer is a stretched polyethylene film, the base layer is an unstretched polyethylene film. The proportion of polyethylene in the multilayer body is 90% by mass or more.

Abstract: A packaging material for packaging contents containing fragrances includes a first polyolefin layer, an inorganic deposition layer, a gas barrier coating layer, and a second polyolefin layer having heat-sealing properties, in this order.

Abstract: Grain or legume having an increased content of a functional component (?-aminobutyric acid) is obtained by humidifying grain (such as rice, wheat or corn) or legume (such as soybean and adzuki bean) by forcing the grain into an air having a temperature of 50° C. or more and a relative humidity of 90% or more such that a moisture content thereof rises within the range of 16.0% to 18.5%, and thereafter, drying the grain or legume.

Abstract: An ink composition for sensing carbon dioxide gas contains a pH indicator formed using a combination of two or more types of pH indicator components, binder, and solvent and allows easy visual observation of color changes of an indicating portion caused by the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. When the ink composition is applied to a carbon dioxide indicator and package, a pinhole and poor seal of a carbon-dioxide-ambient package are easily found.

Abstract: Grain or legume having an increased content of a functional component (?-aminobutyric acid) is obtained by humidifying grain (such as rice, wheat or corn) or legume (such as soybean and adzuki bean) by forcing the grain into an air having a temperature of 50° C. or more and a relative humidity of 90% or more such that a moisture content thereof rises within the range of 16.0% to 18.5%, and thereafter, drying the grain or legume.

Abstract: A method of producing parboiled rice that does not require waste water treatment equipment and that enriches the amount of ?-aminobutyric acid contained in the parboiled rice. The method includes partially milling raw material brown rice, wetting the partially milled rice grains by forced-air using moist air or mist, moisture-tempering the wetted rice grains, steam-boiling the water-tempered rice grains at normal pressure to heat the rice grains with steam, steam-boiling the rice grains heated in the normal pressure steam-boiling process using pressurized steam, cooling the rice grains steamed under pressure in the pressurized steam-boiling step to cool at least a surface of the rice grains, finish milling the rice grains cooled in the cooling step, and drying the finish-milled rice grains.

Abstract: An ink composition for sensing carbon dioxide gas contains a pH indicator formed using a combination of two or more types of pH indicator components, binder, and solvent and allows easy visual observation of color changes of an indicating portion caused by the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. When the ink composition is applied to a carbon dioxide indicator and package, a pinhole and poor seal of a carbon-dioxide-ambient package are easily found.

Abstract: An ink composition for sensing carbon dioxide gas contains a pH indicator, binder, and solvent and allows easy visual observation of color changes of an indicating portion caused by the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. When this ink composition is applied to a carbon dioxide indicator and package, a pinhole and poor seal of a gas-replaced package sealing a replacement gas which contains carbon dioxide gas are easily found.

Abstract: A novel control system is provided to control the liquid levels in a reactor-flasher combination used particularly for the carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid. Liquid level control is achieved by proportional controllers or other controllers which do not continuously seek zero offset from the desired level and which proportionally change the liquid flow rates from the respective reactor and flasher. An adjustment can be made to the level controllers to change the liquid flow rates by a function generator which adjusts the flow rate, according to an empirically derived function which correlates changes in methanol feed rate to liquid flow rates from the reactor and flasher. A further adjustment to flow rates can be made to effect a change in the water concentration in the reactor so as to maintain the water concentration at a desired level.

Abstract: A novel control system is provided to control the liquid levels in a reactor-flasher combination used particularly for the carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid. Liquid level control is achieved by proportional controllers or other controllers which do not continuously seek zero off-set from the desired level and which proportionally change the liquid flow rates from the respective reactor and flasher. An adjustment can be made to the level controllers to change the liquid flow rates by a function generator which adjusts the flow rate, according to an empirically derived function which correlates changes in methanol feed rate to liquid flow rates from the reactor and flasher.

Abstract: A method for treating fruit juice with high pressure having a step for compressing the fruit juice with high pressure in excess of 2,000 atm., wherein a step for adding a proteolytic enzyme particularly a proteolytic enzyme active in an acid precedes the high pressure sterilization process.

Abstract: The operation of an anaerobic methanogenic filter is controlled by measuring the rates at which oxygen demand (O.D.) is fed to the anaerobic filter and at which methane is generated by the filter, estimating therefrom the O.D. of the effluent of the anaerobic filter and controlling the feed rate to the anaerobic filter in accordance with that estimated value. Also disclosed is a means for eliminating long term bias that may be present in the signals fed from sensors to the circuit used for estimating the value of a variable of a process.

Abstract: The operation of an anaerobic methanogenic filter is controlled by measuring the rates at which oxygen demand (O.D.) is fed to the anaerobic filter and at which methane is generated by the filter, estimating therefrom the O.D. of the effluent of the anaerobic filter and controlling the feed rate to the anaerobic filter in accordance with that estimated value. Also disclosed is a means for eliminating long term bias that may be present in the signals fed from sensors to the circuit used for estimating the value of a variable of a process.

Abstract: In converting an alkene such as ethylene to a carbonyl derivative such as acetaldehyde by a process which comprises passing the alkene through a tubular reactor along with an aqueous acidic catalyst solution comprising a noble metal such as palladium together with a cupric chloride redox agent, followed by separating the carbonyl product from the depleted catalyst solution which is then reoxidized with a source of molecular oxygen such as air prior to being returned to the reactor, continuous depletion of the chloride content of the catalyst solution takes place as a result of the formation of chlorinated reaction by-products. This necessitates replenishment of the chloride content of the catalyst solution by adding hydrochloric acid into a catalyst regeneration zone preceding the catalyst reoxidation step of the process.