Abstract: Provided is a heat-sensitive recording material that can provide clear and high print image quality with less printing omission, and that has high sensitivity and is excellent in recording density in halftone printing.

Abstract: An ion beam irradiation apparatus includes modules for generating an ion beam according to a recipe, and a control device. The control device receives the recipe including a processing condition for new processing, reads, from a monitored value storage, a monitored value that indicates a state of a module during a last processing immediately before the new processing, inputs the processing condition and the monitored value to a trained machine learning algorithm and receives, as an output from the trained machine learning algorithm, an initial value for the module, and outputs the initial value to the module to set up the module for generating the ion beam.

Abstract: An ion beam irradiation apparatus includes modules for generating an ion beam meeting a processing condition, and a machine learning part that generates a learning algorithm using, as an explanatory variable, a processing condition during new processing and a monitored value that indicates a state of a module during a last processing immediately before the new processing, and a basic operation parameter output part that uses the learning algorithm to output an initial value of a basic operation parameter for controlling an operation of the module.

Abstract: An ion beam irradiation apparatus includes modules for generating an ion beam according to a recipe, and a control device. The control device receives the recipe including a processing condition for new processing, reads, from a monitored value storage, a monitored value that indicates a state of a module during a last processing immediately before the new processing, inputs the processing condition and the monitored value to a trained machine learning algorithm and receives, as an output from the trained machine learning algorithm, an initial value for the module, and outputs the initial value to the module to set up the module for generating the ion beam.

Abstract: An ion beam irradiation apparatus includes modules for generating an ion beam meeting a processing condition, and a machine learning part that generates a learning algorithm using, as an explanatory variable, a processing condition during new processing and a monitored value that indicates a state of a module during a last processing immediately before the new processing, and a basic operation parameter output part that uses the learning algorithm to output an initial value of a basic operation parameter for controlling an operation of the module.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive element having a piezoelectric body, a through-hole electrode, a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode. The piezoelectric body includes a through-hole in communication with a first main surface and a second main surface. The through-hole electrode is formed on an inner side surface of the through-hole. The first electrode is formed on the first main surface of the piezoelectric body, and connected to the through-hole electrode. The second electrode is formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body, and is connected to the through-hole electrode. The third electrode is formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body and isolated from the second electrode. A calculated average roughness in the inner side surface is larger than 0.11 microns and smaller than 16 microns. A maximum height roughness in the inner side surface is larger than 0.2 microns and smaller than 20 microns.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive element has a piezoelectric body, a first electrode, a second electrode and a glass layer. The piezoelectric body is formed in a thin film-shape. The piezoelectric body has a first main surface and a second main surface. The first electrode is disposed on the first main surface of the piezoelectric body. The first electrode has an electrode side surface configured to be connected with the first main surface. The second electrode is disposed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body. The glass layer is continuously formed on the first main surface and the electrode side surface. The glass layer containing glass as a principal constituent. The glass layer is isolated from the side surface of the piezoelectric body.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive element has a piezoelectric body, a through-hole electrode, a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode. The piezoelectric body includes a through-hole in communication with a first main surface and a second main surface. The through-hole electrode is formed on an inner side surface of the through-hole. The first electrode is formed on the first main surface of the piezoelectric body. The first electrode is connected to the through-hole electrode. The second electrode is formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body. The second electrode is connected to the through-hole electrode. The third electrode is formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body. The third electrode is isolated from the second electrode. A calculated average roughness in the inner side surface is larger than 0.11 microns and smaller than 16 microns. A maximum height roughness in the inner side surface is larger than 0.2 microns and smaller than 20 microns.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive element has a piezoelectric body, a first electrode, a second electrode and a glass layer. The piezoelectric body is formed in a thin film-shape. The piezoelectric body has a first main surface and a second main surface. The first electrode is disposed on the first main surface of the piezoelectric body. The first electrode has an electrode side surface configured to be connected with the first main surface. The second electrode is disposed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body. The glass layer is continuously formed on the first main surface and the electrode side surface. The glass layer containing glass as a principal constituent. The glass layer is isolated from the side surface of the piezoelectric body.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive film type element includes a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode laminated in order on a support. An average particle diameter of each of particles of a piezoelectric material forming the piezoelectric layer falls within a range of 0.5 ?m to 10 ?m. The sectional shape of the piezoelectric layer is a “quadrilateral (substantially rectangular shape) having a height of from 0.5 ?m to 15 ?m and an angle (?) at an end point of a base of from 85° to 105°.” A surface roughness of a side surface of the piezoelectric layer is 0.05 d?m to 0.5 d?m at the maximum height roughness Rz (defined by JIS B 0601:2001). Both “generation of a leak current that flows through the piezoelectric layer” and “occurrence of particle shedding from a side surface of the piezoelectric layer” can be prevented.

Abstract: An air bag cover body forming apparatus, comprising forming molds (2A, 2B), groove-forming blades (3), and support rods (4), wherein the forming molds form a cavity (20) for forming a resin air bag cover body (1) having air bag door parts, the groove-forming blades form rupture grooves (11) determining the air bag door parts in the air bag cover body, and the support rods support the air bag door parts of the air bag cover body formed in the cavity. The forming molds comprising movable cores (21a, 21b) reciprocatingly movable between a position where the molds are allowed to abut on the air bag cover body and a position where the molds are separated from the air bag cover body, wherein when the cores are separated from the air bag door parts, the support rods are allowed to abut on the air bag door parts to prevent an excessive stress concentration from occurring in the rupture grooves.

Abstract: An air bag cover body forming apparatus, comprising forming molds (2A, 2B), groove-forming blades (3), and support rods (4), wherein the forming molds form a cavity (20) for forming a resin air bag cover body (1) having air bag door parts, the groove-forming blades form rupture grooves (11) determining the air bag door parts in the air bag cover body, and the support rods support the air bag door parts of the air bag cover body formed in the cavity. The forming molds comprising movable cores (21a, 21b) reciprocatingly movable between a position where the molds are allowed to abut on the air bag cover body and a position where the molds are separated from the air bag cover body, wherein when the cores are separated from the air bag door parts, the support rods are allowed to abut on the air bag door parts to prevent an excessive stress concentration from occurring in the rupture grooves.

Abstract: A ring network switching apparatus connects a plurality of communication nodes by a duplex ring type transmission line. Respective communication nodes autonomously vary respective connection state by respective transmission line switching means based on the control data received from the control data receiving unit. Respective communication nodes transmit the control information designating a new transmission line state from the control information transmission unit. Thereby, respective communication nodes autonomously recover its failure and perform a re-construction of a network without an aid of a parent station. Further, the transmission data from the communication node is outputted to both transmission lines through a hybrid output section. Thus, respective communication nodes merely observe the state of the transmission line on the receiving side and switch the receiving switching means based on the observation.