Abstract: A composition, including (A) a medicinal ingredient, (B) a water-insoluble polymer, (C) a non-volatile base, (D) a volatile solvent, and (E) water. The composition has a viscosity at 25° C. of 1.0 mPa·s or more and 10,000 mPa·s or less. The component (A) contains one or more selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory analgesic component, a local irritation component, a blood circulation promoting component, an antihistamine component, a crude drug component, an antipruritic component, a local anesthetic component, a keratin softening component, and an antibacterial component. A mass ratio [(C)/(B)] of the component (C) to the component (B) in the composition is 0.05 or more and 10 or less, and a mass ratio [(E)/(D)] of the component (E) to the component (D) in the composition is 0.005 or more and 1.0 or less.

Abstract: An all-solid-state battery includes an electrode body in which a cathode layer that contains a cathode active material and a solid electrolyte, an electrolyte layer that is formed of the solid electrolyte, and an anode layer that contains an anode active material and the solid electrolyte are stacked in this order in an up-down direction, in which the cathode active material is a compound represented by a chemical formula Li2Fe(1-x)MxP(2-y)AyO7, contains at least one metal of Ti, V, Cr, Ni, and Co as the M in the chemical formula, and contains at least one element of B, C, Al, Si, Ga, and Ge as the A in the chemical formula, the x in the chemical formula satisfies 0.8<x?1, the y in the chemical formula satisfies 0?y?0.07, and the anode active material is an anatase titanium oxide represented by a chemical formula TiO2.

Abstract: A material made of magnetic garnet single crystals has excellent characteristics particularly in a wavelength band of from 950 to 1070 nm, which is usable for a wavelength 980 nm for pumping light of erbium doped fiber amplifier, and for a wavelength of 1017 nm for pumping light of an praseodymium doped fiber amplifier. One example of the material is made of magnetic garnet single crystals expressed by a composition formula of Nd.sub.3-x Bi.sub.x Fe.sub.5 O.sub.12 (0.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.9), the single crystals being formed by liquid-phase epitaxial growth on a non-magnetic garnet substrate having a lattice constant <a> specified in the range of 12.61 .ANG..ltoreq.a.ltoreq.12.63 .ANG.. The material is suitably used for a magneto-optical element having a wavelength band from 950 to 1070 nm. The non-magnetic garnet substrate can be made of a material having a composition formula expressed by Gd.sub.3-y Nd.sub.y Sc.sub.2 Ga.sub.3 O.sub.12 (1.0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.4).