Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle including a tip end portion exposed in a combustion chamber and a nozzle hole formed at the tip end portion; and a passage forming member forming a flow guide passage through which fuel injected from the nozzle hole passes. The passage forming member includes a passage wall portion located radially outward of the flow guide passage. The passage wall portion includes a first layer that is a base portion connected to a cylinder head, and a second layer located radially outward or radially inward of the first layer. The toughness of the first layer is higher than the toughness of the second layer. The thermal conductivity of the second layer is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first layer.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle that is arranged at the center of an upper surface of a combustion chamber with an injection port thereof exposed in the combustion chamber, and a piston arranged in a cylinder. On a top surface of the piston, a flow guide passage is provided which extends from an inlet exposed on the side of a wall of a bore of the cylinder to an outlet exposed on the side of a center of the bore. The flow guide passage preferably includes a flow guide plate having a ring shape, and a strut that fixes the flow guide plate to the top surface of the piston in such a manner that a clearance extending from an outer edge to an inner edge of the flow guide plate is formed between the flow guide plate and the top surface of the piston.

Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle including a tip end portion exposed in a combustion chamber and a nozzle hole formed at the tip end portion; and a passage forming member forming a flow guide passage through which fuel injected from the nozzle hole passes. The passage forming member includes a passage wall portion located radially outward of the flow guide passage. The passage wall portion includes a first layer that is a base portion connected to a cylinder head, and a second layer located radially outward or radially inward of the first layer. The toughness of the first layer is higher than the toughness of the second layer. The thermal conductivity of the second layer is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first layer.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle that is arranged at the center of an upper surface of a combustion chamber with an injection port thereof exposed in the combustion chamber, and a piston arranged in a cylinder. On a top surface of the piston, a flow guide passage is provided which extends from an inlet exposed on the side of a wall of a bore of the cylinder to an outlet exposed on the side of a center of the bore. The flow guide passage preferably includes a flow guide plate having a ring shape, and a strut that fixes the flow guide plate to the top surface of the piston in such a manner that a clearance extending from an outer edge to an inner edge of the flow guide plate is formed between the flow guide plate and the top surface of the piston.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an intake port configured to generate a swirl in a cylinder, an exhaust port, and a piston. The piston includes a top surface provided in an upper portion of the piston, a cavity provided from the top surface toward a lower portion of the piston around a central axis of the piston, and a connection surface connecting an inner edge of the top surface and an upper end of a side surface of the cavity to each other. The connection surface is provided to be closer to a lower portion side of the piston than the top surface. An area of the connection surface projected on a plane parallel to the top surface is larger on an intake port side than on an exhaust port side.

Abstract: A control device 100 of an internal combustion engine has a control unit that controls an amount of an intake-air, which is a gas before being taken into a combustion chamber 13 of an internal combustion engine 5, so that either when a specific component other than an oxygen is removed from the intake-air or when the specific component is added to the intake-air, a changing amount of an oxygen concentration in the intake-air caused by removal or addition of the specific component is reduced.

Abstract: It is possible to suppress fluctuations of an air intake amount when the open degree of an air intake control valve is unknown. An engine includes an impulse valve common to all the cylinders arranged in the engine. The impulse valve is arranged in a communicating tube provided at the downstream side of a serge tank. An ECU executes impulse valve drive control. In the control, the ECU judges whether a rotation angle sensor which detects the open degree of the impulse valve has failed. If it is judged that the rotation angle sensor has failed, the ECU controls a drive motor and a drive circuit for driving a valve body so that a valve body of the impulse valve rotates inside the communicating tube. Here, the rotor of the drive motor which defines the rotation speed of the valve body has an rpm which is set in accordance with the mechanical rpm NE of the engine.

Abstract: An ammonia burning internal combustion engine can feed ammonia and a highly combustible substance burning easier than ammonia to a combustion chamber. When the amount of ammonia fed into the combustion chamber is increased or when the ratio of the amount of the ammonia to the total amount of the ammonia and the highly combustible substance fed into the combustion chamber is increased, the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine are controlled so the air-fuel mixture fed into the combustion chamber is made easier to burn. As a result, an ammonia burning internal combustion engine designed to suppress a drop in combustibility of auxiliary fuel due to ammonia, can be provided.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine can use ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel which is easier to burn than ammonia as fuel. The non-ammonia fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber by a non-ammonia fuel injector, and the injected non-ammonia fuel is ignited, whereby combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is commenced. In the control system of the internal combustion engine, the injection timing of the non-ammonia fuel is advanced at a time when a ratio of ammonia in all fuel fed to the internal combustion engine is high in comparison with the time when the ratio is low. Therefore, a control system of an internal combustion engine capable of using ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel (gasoline, light oil, hydrogen, etc.) which is easier to burn than ammonia, which suitably feeds fuel and controls combustion in order to suitably burn an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is provided.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine can use ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel which is easier to burn than ammonia as fuel. The non-ammonia fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber by a non-ammonia fuel injector, and the injected non-ammonia fuel is ignited, whereby combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is commenced. In the control system of the internal combustion engine, the injection timing of the non-ammonia fuel is advanced at a time when a ratio of ammonia in all fuel fed to the internal combustion engine is high in comparison with the time when the ratio is low. Therefore, a control system of an internal combustion engine capable of using ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel (gasoline, light oil, hydrogen, etc.) which is easier to burn than ammonia, which suitably feeds fuel and controls combustion in order to suitably burn an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is provided.

Abstract: To improve an ignitability to a fuel having a low compressed ignitability in a combustion chamber in a compressed self-ignition diffusive combustion mode operation.

Abstract: An ammonia burning internal combustion engine capable of using ammonia as fuel comprises an exhaust purifying catalyst purifying ammonia and NOx in an inflowing exhaust gas and an inflowing gas control system controlling a ratio of ammonia and NOx in the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust purifying catalyst. The inflowing gas control system controls control parameters of the internal combustion engine so that the ratio of the ammonia and NOx in the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust purifying catalyst becomes a target ratio. As a result, an internal combustion engine capable of purifying unburned ammonia and NOx in an exhaust gas well by a post-treatment system is provided.

Abstract: An ammonia burning internal combustion engine can feed ammonia and a highly combustible substance burning easier than ammonia to a combustion chamber. When the amount of ammonia fed into the combustion chamber is increased or when the ratio of the amount of the ammonia to the total amount of the ammonia and the highly combustible substance fed into the combustion chamber is increased, the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine are controlled so the air-fuel mixture fed into the combustion chamber is made easier to burn. As a result, an ammonia burning internal combustion engine designed to suppress a drop in combustibility of auxiliary fuel due to ammonia, can be provided.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine can use ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel which is easier to burn than ammonia as fuel. The non-ammonia fuel is directly injected into a combustion chamber by a non-ammonia fuel injector, and the injected non-ammonia fuel is ignited, whereby combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is commenced. In the control system of the internal combustion engine, the injection timing of the non-ammonia fuel is advanced at a time when a ratio of ammonia in all fuel fed to the internal combustion engine is high in comparison with the time when the ratio is low. Therefore, a control system of an internal combustion engine capable of using ammonia and a non-ammonia fuel (gasoline, light oil, hydrogen, etc.) which is easier to burn than ammonia, which suitably feeds fuel and controls combustion in order to suitably burn an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is provided.

Abstract: An ammonia burning internal combustion engine using ammonia as fuel comprises an ammonia feed device feeding ammonia to a combustion chamber and a temperature/pressure raising system raising the temperature or raising the pressure of ammonia fed to the ammonia feed device. The temperature/pressure raising system raises the temperature or raises the pressure of ammonia by energy produced along with the operation of the internal combustion engine. As a result, an ammonia burning internal combustion engine maintaining high energy efficiency for the internal combustion engine as a whole or a vehicle mounted with the internal combustion engine as a whole while appropriately controlling the temperature or pressure of ammonia fed to an ammonia injector is provided.

Abstract: To improve an ignitability to a fuel having a low compressed ignitability in a combustion chamber in a compressed self-ignition diffusive combustion mode operation.

Abstract: A multifuel internal combustion engine includes: fuel characteristics determining unit that determines ignitability and anti-knocking performance of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber CC; combustion mode setting unit that sets a compression hypergolic diffusion combustion mode when ignitability of the fuel is excellent, sets a premixed spark-ignition flame propagation combustion mode when the ignitability of the fuel is poor and anti-knocking performance is excellent, and sets a spark assist compression hypergolic diffusion combustion mode when both the ignitability and anti-knocking performance of the fuel are poor; and combustion control execution unit that makes the engine to drive in a combustion mode which is set by the combustion mode setting unit.

Abstract: An intake passage in an internal combustion engine includes an independent passage disposed in each of cylinders, and a common passage connected to the independent passage, to be commonly used by the different cylinders. A cross-sectional area of the independent passage disposed in the cylinder having the long passage length from an intake valve to a surge tank is made greater than that of the independent passage disposed in the cylinder having the short passage length.

Abstract: It is possible to suppress fluctuations of an air intake amount when the open degree of an air intake control valve is unknown. An engine includes an impulse valve common to all the cylinders arranged in the engine. The impulse valve is arranged in a communicating tube provided at the downstream side of a serge tank. An ECU executes impulse valve drive control. In the control, the ECU judges whether a rotation angle sensor which detects the open degree of the impulse valve has failed. If it is judged that the rotation angle sensor has failed, the ECU controls a drive motor and a drive circuit for driving a valve body so that a valve body of the impulse valve rotates inside the communicating tube. Here, the rotor of the drive motor which defines the rotation speed of the valve body has an rpm which is set in accordance with the mechanical rpm NE of the engine.

Abstract: A multifuel internal combustion engine includes: fuel characteristics determining unit that determines ignitability and anti-knocking performance of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber CC; combustion mode setting unit that sets a compression hypergolic diffusion combustion mode when ignitability of the fuel is excellent, sets a premixed spark-ignition flame propagation combustion mode when the ignitability of the fuel is poor and anti-knocking performance is excellent, and sets a spark assist compression hypergolic diffusion combustion mode when both the ignitability and anti-knocking performance of the fuel are poor; and combustion control execution unit that makes the engine to drive in a combustion mode which is set by the combustion mode setting unit.