Abstract: Embodiments herein describe optical splitters that receive an optical signal using a single mode waveguide where the signal is in a fundamental mode. An asymmetric taper can be used to convert a portion of the optical signal from the fundamental mode into a different order mode (e.g., the first-order mode). The optical splitter also includes an optical mode multiplexer with two branches. The portion of the optical signal having the first-order mode is transferred to a first branch of the optical mode mux while the remaining portion of the optical signal having the fundamental mode is transmitted using a second branch of the optical mode mux. Further, coupling the portion of the optical signal into the first branch converts the optical signal from the first-order mode back to the fundamental mode. Thus, both branches in the optical mode mux output optical signals in the fundamental mode.

Abstract: Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe a waveguide crossing that permits at least two optical signals to cross in two different directions. For example, one optical signal can propagate from left to right through the center of the waveguide crossing at the same time a second optical signal propagates up and down through the center of the crossing. In one embodiment, a circular disc is disposed at the center of the waveguide crossing through which the two (or more) optical signals pass. The shape of the circular disc can provide low insertion loss as the respective optical signals propagate between respective pairs of waveguides, as well as minimize cross talk between the two optical signals.

Abstract: Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe a waveguide crossing that permits at least two optical signals to cross in two different directions. For example, one optical signal can propagate from left to right through the center of the waveguide crossing at the same time a second optical signal propagates up and down through the center of the crossing. In one embodiment, a circular disc is disposed at the center of the waveguide crossing through which the two (or more) optical signals pass. The shape of the circular disc can provide low insertion loss as the respective optical signals propagate between respective pairs of waveguides, as well as minimize cross talk between the two optical signals.

Abstract: Embodiments presented in this disclosure generally relate to an optical device having a grating coupler for redirection of optical signals. One embodiment includes a grating coupler. The grating coupler generally includes a waveguide layer, a thickness of a waveguide layer portion of the waveguide layer being tapered, the thickness defining a direction, and a grating layer disposed above the waveguide layer and perpendicular to the direction where at least a grating layer portion of the grating layer overlaps the waveguide layer portion of the waveguide layer along the direction. Some embodiments are directed to grating coupler implemented with material layers above and a reflector layer below a grating layer, facilitating redirection and confinement of light that improves coupling loss and bandwidth. The material layers and reflector layer above and below the grating layer may be implemented with or without the waveguide layer being tapered.

Abstract: A protection circuit for an electric appliance that is configured to control power supply to an associated electrical component of the appliance such as a heating device, lamp or motor in the event that unsafe conditions are detected. The protection circuit includes a first comparator module configured to compare an operating parameter input signal to a threshold value and to output a first control signal to a first switching circuit configured to control power flow to the associated electrical component. The first comparator module is configured to receive an enable/disable signal from a first state-change latching device, which is responsive to a state change of the first control signal from the first comparator module, in response to which the state-change latching device changes the enable/disable signal from an enable state to a disable state thereby to set the first control signal into an off state.

Abstract: Embodiments presented in this disclosure generally relate to an optical device having a grating coupler for redirection of optical signals. One embodiment includes a grating coupler. The grating coupler generally includes a waveguide layer, a thickness of a waveguide layer portion of the waveguide layer being tapered, the thickness defining a direction, and a grating layer disposed above the waveguide layer and perpendicular to the direction where at least a grating layer portion of the grating layer overlaps the waveguide layer portion of the waveguide layer along the direction. Some embodiments are directed to grating coupler implemented with material layers above and a reflector layer below a grating layer, facilitating redirection and confinement of light that improves coupling loss and bandwidth. The material layers and reflector layer above and below the grating layer may be implemented with or without the waveguide layer being tapered.

Abstract: An online measuring system for the semi-volatile organic compounds in the gas phase is provided in the disclosure. The system comprises a filter head, a three-way electromagnetic valve, an enrichment-thermal desorption device, a two-position six-way valve, a mass flow controller, a gas pump, a gas chromatograph, a primary capture trap, a secondary focus trap, and a gas supply and pressure control system, the inlet of the filter head is connected to be provided with a sampling object, the outlet of the filter head is connected with the port B of the three-way electromagnetic valve through a passivated stainless steel tube, the port C of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the primary capture trap through a passivated stainless steel tube, and the port A of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the gas supply and pressure control system through a passivated stainless steel tube.

Abstract: Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Abstract: Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Abstract: Aspects described herein include a mode multiplexer comprising a first optical waveguide extending between a first port and a second port. A first input mode of an optical signal entering the first port is propagated through the first optical waveguide to the second port. The mode multiplexer further comprises a second optical waveguide configured to evanescently couple with a coupling section of the first optical waveguide. A second input mode of the optical signal entering the first port is propagated through the second optical waveguide to a third port. The first optical waveguide further defines a filtering section between the coupling section and the second port, the filtering section configured to filter the second input mode.

Abstract: A plurality of variable data of personal attribute information associated with at least one vehicle insurance user is received at a prediction server. Based on a service scenario requirement, a pre-constructed prediction algorithm is selected. The plurality of variable data is processed by one or more processors using the pre-constructed prediction algorithm. At least one prediction result is generated as the prediction server.

Abstract: Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe a photonic platform where an AR coating is disposed between an optical grating and a semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, the optical grating is disposed within an insulative layer. A first side of the insulative layer provides an optical interface where an external optical source can transmit an optical signal into, or a receive an optical signal from, the grating. A second, opposite side of the insulative layer contacts the AR coating. When the external optical source transmits light through the first side of the insulative layer, some of the light passes through the grating and reaches the AR coating. The AR coating prevents this light from being reflected back to the grating by the semiconductor layer which can cause interference that varies the coupling efficiency of the grating.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe a photonic platform where an AR coating is disposed between an optical grating and a semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, the optical grating is disposed within an insulative layer. A first side of the insulative layer provides an optical interface where an external optical source can transmit an optical signal into, or a receive an optical signal from, the grating. A second, opposite side of the insulative layer contacts the AR coating. When the external optical source transmits light through the first side of the insulative layer, some of the light passes through the grating and reaches the AR coating. The AR coating prevents this light from being reflected back to the grating by the semiconductor layer which can cause interference that varies the coupling efficiency of the grating.

Abstract: An online measuring system for the semi-volatile organic compounds in the gas phase is provided in the disclosure. The system comprises a filter head, a three-way electromagnetic valve, an enrichment-thermal desorption device, a two-position six-way valve, a mass flow controller, a gas pump, a gas chromatograph, a primary capture trap, a secondary focus trap, and a gas supply and pressure control system, the inlet of the filter head is connected to be provided with a sampling object, the outlet of the filter head is connected with the port B of the three-way electromagnetic valve through a passivated stainless steel tube, the port C of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the primary capture trap through a passivated stainless steel tube, and the port A of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the gas supply and pressure control system through a passivated stainless steel tube.

Abstract: A plurality of variable data of personal attribute information associated with at least one vehicle insurance user is received at a prediction server. Based on a service scenario requirement, a pre-constructed prediction algorithm is selected. The plurality of variable data is processed by one or more processors using the pre-constructed prediction algorithm. At least one prediction result is generated as the prediction server.