Abstract: Disclosed are reactive dyes and preparation methods thereof. The reactive dye may be prepared using heterocyclic primary amine as a diazo component, 4,4?-diamino-2,2?-stilbenedisulfonic acid, s-triazine, or ethylenediamine as a bridging group, and a dimonochlortriazine group as an active group. The color-changing compound is covalently bonded into the fiber chemical structure by nucleophilic substitution reaction between monochlorotriazine and the hydroxyl group in a textile structure, and the size of the conjugated system and the range of electron delocalization of the dye are changed by a reversible isomerization reaction of the hydroxyl group adjacent to the diazo group and the diazo group under different pH regulations. Moreover, the dye has a double color changing structure, which improves the capability of the dye combined with —H/—OH. The pH value range that can cause color changes in the dye is effectively expanded to include weak alkali, weak acid or even neutral conditions.

Abstract: A driver for a lighting module has driver inputs for receiving a supply voltage from an electronic control gear (ECG) and driver outputs for supplying power to the light-emitting element. The driver also has a ring choke converter (RCC) control circuit with a power switching transistor and with a transformer for supplying power to the driver outputs. The power switching transistor is adapted to control power supplied to the transformer. Coupled to the RCC control circuit, the driver furthermore has a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is adapted to stabilize the power provided to the light-emitting element.

Abstract: A driver for a lighting module has driver inputs for receiving a supply voltage from an electronic control gear (ECG) and driver outputs for supplying power to the light-emitting element. The driver also has a ring choke converter (RCC) control circuit with a power switching transistor and with a transformer for supplying power to the driver outputs. The power switching transistor is adapted to control power supplied to the transformer. Coupled to the RCC control circuit, the driver furthermore has a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is adapted to stabilize the power provided to the light-emitting element.

Abstract: A lamp driver for an LED lamp is provided, comprising a voltage input port for connecting the lamp driver to a power source, a relay that is switchable between an energized state and a de-energized state according to a pick-up voltage, and a relay controller circuit that connects the relay to the voltage input port and that is switchable between a conducting state and an non-conducting state according to a threshold voltage, wherein the pick-up voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage.

Abstract: The invention provides a driver circuit, an LED lighting tube and a method for providing a controlled DC output power. An open loop control is used for controlling the DC output power in the case that a voltage of an AC input power is in a first voltage range. A closed loop control is used for controlling the DC output power in the case that the voltage of the AC input power is in a second voltage range.

Abstract: A lamp driver for an LED lamp is provided, comprising a voltage input port for connecting the lamp driver to a power source, a relay that is switchable between an energized state and a de-energized state according to a pick-up voltage, and a relay controller circuit that connects the relay to the voltage input port and that is switchable between a conducting state and an non-conducting state according to a threshold voltage, wherein the pick-up voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage.

Abstract: The invention provides a driver circuit, an LED lighting tube and a method for providing a controlled DC output power. An open loop control is used for controlling the DC output power in the case that a voltage of an AC input power is in a first voltage range. A closed loop control is used for controlling the DC output power in the case that the voltage of the AC input power is in a second voltage range.