Abstract: This invention systematically creates models that simulate operations from a component of a single function to a machine that combines many components and also to a system that combines a plurality of machines, which can be expressed by all physical systems such as an electric system and mechanical system, solid-state system and fluid system, and the like. The invention creates an overall function simulation model using a plurality of function simulation models which are independently provided for predetermined functions and are coupled via potential and flow variables.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-linear characteristic reproducing apparatus wherein a non-linear transformation processing is applied to a state quantity to be outputted. A non-linear behavior of products and parts is reproduced through modeling. [Solving means] there are provided a non-linear characteristic reproducing unit for receiving an estimated observation quantity at the subsequent sampling time of an input state quantity and determining a normalized estimated value in which an estimated value is normalized by an estimated observation quantity at the subsequent sampling time, and a state quantity transformation unit for transforming the input state quantity at the subsequent sampling time to the output state quantity at the subsequent sampling time in accordance with a non-linear operation based on the a normalized estimated value determined in the non-linear characteristic reproducing unit.

Abstract: A characteristic value identification method and an apparatus therefor which can develop each model to be integrated into an entire model, similar to a product in which individual parts are combined, are provided. A functional model of a part is prepared based on a potential quantity and a flow quantity representing a strength and a quantity of energy applied to the part, a steady internal characteristic value of the functional model in a steady state is identified, and a transient internal characteristic value of the functional model in a transient state is identified by using the identified steady internal characteristic value.

Abstract: This invention systematically creates models that simulate operations from a component of a single function to a machine that combines many components and also to a system that combines a plurality of machines, which can be expressed by all physical systems such as an electric system and mechanical system, solid-state system and fluid system, and the like. The invention creates an overall function simulation model using a plurality of function simulation models which are independently provided for predetermined functions and are coupled via potential and flow variables.

Abstract: A characteristic value identification method and an apparatus therefor which can develop each model to be integrated into an entire model, similar to a product in which individual parts are combined, are provided. A functional model of a part is prepared based on a potential quantity and a flow quantity representing a strength and a quantity of energy applied to the part, a steady internal characteristic value of the functional model in a steady state is identified, and a transient internal characteristic value of the functional model in a transient state is identified by using the identified steady internal characteristic value.

Abstract: This invention proposes a simulation apparatus which can simulate by easily coping with changes in component and model. A simulation apparatus simulates, using a system model, the dynamic performance of a target apparatus to be simulated, which includes a driving source and is constructed by a plurality of units for transmitting the driving force output from the driving source, and expresses the target apparatus by functional and data models. The functional model expresses each of units that construct the target apparatus by exchange of energy by the dynamic performance of that unit, and a parameter which determines that dynamic performance. The parameter for each unit is computed using static characteristic data read out from a memory, thus expressing each unit as a data model.

Abstract: A vehicle automatic transmission including a torque converter having a lock up clutch. A lock up control circuit is provided and has a memory including a first lock up control line for controlling the engagement and release of the lock up clutch when the torque converter turbine speed is close to the pump impeller speed, and a second lock up control line which is drawn along a line wherein the engine output torque is substantially zero so that the lock up clutch is released at a given engine load when the turbine speed is decreased beyond the first lock up control line, or when the turbine speed is increased beyond the second lock up control line.

Abstract: A steplessly variable vehicle transmission has a speed ratio control system including an electronic control unit which functions to calculate a required vehicle acceleration rate based on the position of an engine control foot pedal and the rate of change of the position of the foot pedal. The control unit further calculates an engine output power required for accomplishing the vehicle acceleration rate, as well as the engine speed under which the required engine output power can be obtained with the given position of the engine control foot pedal. Further, the control unit produces an output for controlling the speed ratio of the transmission so that the required engine speed is obtained.

Abstract: A solid-state display apparatus for visually indicating the status of vehicle speed, engine speed, fuel remaining, coolant temperature and other parameters which altogether represent the condition of the vehicle includes solid-state display gauges constituted by either electro-luminescent elements or liquid crystal display cells. Some of the parameters are constantly displayed through their own display gauges at all times during the use of the vehicle while other parameters are adapted to be displayed upon demand through their own display gauges. The other parameters can also be automatically and forcibly displayed in the event of the occurrence of an out-of-limits value thereof.

Abstract: An automotive driving control system comprises a stepless transmission provided between the engine and the driving wheels, a transmission controller for controlling the transmission ratio of the stepless transmission, a throttle valve driver for driving the throttle valve of the engine, and a controller for controlling the transmission controller and the throttle valve driver. The controller controls the transmission controller and the throttle valve driver according to the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal.

Abstract: A lock-up mechanism for a torque converter for an automatic transmission is arranged to be selectively engaged to directly connect the output shaft and the input shaft of the torque converter when the operating condition of the engine is in a lock-up zone.

Abstract: A steplessly variable vehicle transmission of a belt-pulley type which is provided with an electronic control unit for controlling the speed ratio of the transmission in accordance with the engine operating condition, such as the engine load and the engine speed. The control unit has a shift control map which includes a shift-up zone, a shift-down zone and a speed ratio hold zone between the shift-up and shift-down zones so that the speed ratio of the transmission is maintained constant in acceleration and deceleration as long as the engine operating condition is in the hold zone.

Abstract: A control system for an automobile automatic power transmission provided with a hydraulic torque converter having a lock-up mechanism for directly connecting the input and output shafts of the torque converter. The control system uses a lock-up release data line and a lock-up engage data line which is positioned at the higher-engine speed side with respect to the lock-up release data line for controlling engagement of the lock-up mechanism. The system further provides a modified lock-up engage data line, which is between the lock-up engage and release lines, for use when the engine throttle valve is opened again after it has been completely closed, so that the lock-up mechanism is engaged as soon as the throttle valve is opened beyond the modified lock-up engage data line.

Abstract: A multiple clutch type transmission including a plurality of input shafts, a plurality of clutch devices for releasably and alternately connecting respective ones of said input shafts with an engine output shaft. Each of the input shafts has two driving gears mounted thereon to rotate therewith, a countershaft having freely rotatable driven gears which are in meshing engagement with respective ones of the driving gears on the input shafts, connecting hubs provided on the countershaft for axial sliding movements for selectively connecting the driven gears with the countershaft, clutch actuators for controlling said clutch devices so that selected one of the input shafts is connected through selected one of the clutch devices with the engine output shaft.

Abstract: A clutch control system for automobiles comprising a clutch actuating member for actuating a clutch positioned between an engine output shaft and a transmission input shaft, and a suction pressure operated actuator for moving a clutch actuating member to a clutch releasing position. A detecting circuit is provided for detecting a negative differential coefficient of the engine speed and generating a corresponding output. A vacuum control valve is provided in a line to the clutch actuator to operate the clutch release. The line is also provided with a holding valve which is closed when the detecting circuit detects the negative differential coefficient of the engine speed to thereby stop the clutch engaging movement of the actuator momentarily so as to prevent the engine speed from falling off.

Abstract: A running or driving data central display arrangement for motor vehicles and the like in which a plurality of indications, (for example, an abnormal operating state or trouble warning display, a response display for providing information readouts according to call instructions entered by a driver, and a time display), are centralized into a single display portion for enabling a reduction in the mounting space required for the display unit and also enabling the easy facilitation of reading the indications provided by the display unit.

Abstract: A data input device for effecting the entry of numerical values into a data processing device includes a data key which is tapped for a number of times corresponding to the number appearing in each digit of the numerical value, a counter for counting the number of taps applied on the data key and for generating a signal indicative of the counted number, a shift key and a shift register for successively memorizing the generated signal from the counter means upon manipulation of the shift key.

Abstract: A terminal signal operation apparatus is disclosed for transmitting in a multiplex transmission system in both directions signals between the terminal signal operation apparatus and a central operation apparatus for centrally generating control signals for controlling a plurality of electrical devices at terminals in accordance with a signal generated by a signal source.

Abstract: Digital fuel quantity indicator including a fuel quantity sensing device disposed in a fuel reservoir for producing binary signals in accordance with the fuel level. A decoder is provided for receiving the binary signals from the sensing device and producing display signals which are applied to a display tube. The same display tube is utilized to make display of a 10th digit and of a unit digit in accordance with whether the fuel level is above or below 10 unit.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrical wiring system for incorporation into a motor vehicle which includes a junction harness having numerous terminals for individual connection with corresponding terminals of various loads, switches, the power source and units for electrical appliances of the motor vehicle through independent single wires so that complicated interconnections between such loads, switches, the power source and units for electrical appliances are collectively made within the junction harness for simplification of wiring.