Abstract: The present invention includes apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls wherein at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells. The present invention further includes apparatus for electrophoresis separation having a substantially closed electrophoresis area, an electrophoresis gel located within the electrophoresis area, and multiple rows of wells within the electrophoresis gel, wherein the rows are arranged in a stagger format.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for producing an immunoglobulin or an immunologically functional immunoglobulin fragment containing at least the variable domains of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chains. The processes can use one or more vectors which produce both the heavy and light chains or fragments thereof in a single cell. The invention also relates to the vectors used to produce the immunoglobulin or fragment, and to cells transformed with the vectors.

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting electrophoresis therein includes a chamber with a gel matrix. The chamber has a first sealed region and a second sealed region, and an anode within the first sealed region of the chamber and in contact with the gel matrix, and a cathode within the second sealed region and in contact with the gel matrix. At least one of the electrodes also provides ions for driving the electrophoresis. The apparatus further includes a matrix with at least one sparingly water-soluble salt.

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting electrophoresis therein includes a chamber with a gel matrix. The chamber has a first sealed region and a second sealed region, and an anode within the first sealed region of the chamber and in contact with the gel matrix, and a cathode within the second sealed region and in contact with the gel matrix. At least one of the electrodes also provides ions for driving the electrophoresis. The apparatus further includes a matrix with at least one sparingly water-soluble salt.

Abstract: The present invention includes apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls wherein at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells. The present invention further includes apparatus for electrophoresis separation having a substantially closed electrophoresis area, an electrophoresis gel located within the electrophoresis area, and multiple rows of wells within the electrophoresis gel, wherein the rows are arranged in a stagger format.

Abstract: The present invention includes apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls wherein at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells. The present invention further includes apparatus for electrophoresis separation having a substantially closed electrophoresis area, an electrophoresis gel located within the electrophoresis area, and multiple rows of wells within the electrophoresis gel, wherein the rows are arranged in a stagger format.

Abstract: Synthetic peptides and derivatives thereof capable of inhibiting the biological activity of anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (?2GPI) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in vitro, and of inhibiting induction of experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) in mice by anti-?2GPI mAbs, are provided for the diagnosis and treatment of anti-phospholipid syndrome in humans.

Abstract: Synthetic peptides and derivatives thereof capable of inhibiting the biological activity of anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (?2GPI) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in vitro, and of inhibiting induction of experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) in mice by anti-?2GPI mAbs, are provided for the diagnosis and treatment of anti-phospholipid syndrome in humans.

Abstract: Synthetic peptides and derivatives thereof capable of inhibiting the biological activity of anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (&bgr;2GPI) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) in vitro, and of inhibiting induction of experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) in mice by anti-&bgr;2GPI mAbs, are provided for the diagnosis and treatment of anti-phospholipid syndrome in humans.

Abstract: The present invention includes apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls wherein at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells.

Abstract: Apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls, at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The loading sites are offset with respect to the wells. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells, and apparatus for electrophoresis separation having an electrophoresis area, an electrophoresis gel located within the electrophoresis area, and multiple rows of wells within the electrophoresis gel, wherein the rows are arranged in an alternating staggered format. A method for simultaneous loading of multiple samples into the electrophoresis apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for conducting electrophoresis, includes a cassette, gel, and electrolyte solution in contact with the gel. The electrolyte solution has high capacity and low conductivity properties, so that low volumes of electrolyte solution can be used.

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting electrophoresis therein includes a chamber with a gel matrix. The chamber has a first sealed region and a second sealed region, and an anode within the first sealed region of the chamber and in contact with the gel matrix, and a cathode within the second sealed region and in contact with the gel matrix. At least one of the electrodes also provides ions for driving the electrophoresis. The apparatus further includes a matrix with at least one sparingly water-soluble salt.

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting electrophoresis separation therein. The apparatus includes a chamber having therein a body of separating gel for carrying therein an electrophoresis separation and electrodes for connecting the chamber to an external electrical power source, thereby driving the electrophoresis separation. According to the invention at least one of the electrodes also providing ions for driving the electrophoresis separation. In one preferred embodiment, the apparatus is a cassette substantially closed before, during and after electrophoresis separation. According to an aspect of the invention the pH in the body of separating gel is substantially constant during the electrophoresis separation.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for producing an immunoglobulin or an immunologically functional immunoglobulin fragment containing at least the variable domains of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chains. The processes can use one or more vectors which produce both the heavy and light chains or fragments thereof in a single cell. The invention also relates to the vectors used to produce the immunoglobulin or fragment, and to cells transformed with the vectors.

Abstract: A substantially closed cassette for conducting therein electrophoresis separation which includes a closed chamber, the chamber includes therein a body of gel, at least one ion source having a volume smaller than the volume of the gel for providing ions for driving the electrophoresis separation and electrodes for connecting the cassette to an external electrical power source, thereby enabling to drive the electrophoresis separation.

Abstract: A substantially closed cassette for conducting therein electrophoresis separation which includes a closed chamber, the chamber includes therein a body of gel, means for providing ions for driving the electrophoresis separation and electrodes for connecting the cassette to an external electrical power source, thereby enabling to drive the electrophoresis separation.

Abstract: Altered and native immunoglobulins, including constant-variable region chimeras, are prepared in recombinant cell culture. The immunoglobulins contain variable regions which are immunologically capable of binding predetermined antigens. Methods are provided for refolding directly expressed immunoglobulins into immunologically active form.