Abstract: An apparatus and method that may select a coding mode of an OFDM sub-carrier symbol stream between a diversity mode or a multiplexing mode according to information received in a wireless network.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an integrated optical interconnect includes disposing a layer over a substrate on which at least one optoelectronic transducer has been formed. A groove is formed in the layer in alignment with the optoelectronic transducer. A slanted mirror is formed in the layer at an end of the groove adjacent to the optoelectronic transducer to direct light between the optoelectronic transducer and an optical fiber placed in the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optically opaque substrate, which includes first and second opposite surfaces and has one or more openings traversing through the substrate between the first and second surfaces. One or more optical transducers are attached to the first surface of the substrate so as to emit or detect light via the respective openings. One or more lenses are positioned against the respective openings on the second surface of the substrate, and are configured to couple the light between the optical transducers and respective optical fibers.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optically opaque substrate, which includes first and second opposite surfaces and has one or more openings traversing through the substrate between the first and second surfaces. One or more optical transducers are attached to the first surface of the substrate so as to emit or detect light via the respective openings. One or more lenses are positioned against the respective openings on the second surface of the substrate, and are configured to couple the light between the optical transducers and respective optical fibers.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optical Input/Output (I/O) connector, which has a central axis that is mounted in a plane and which is configured to connect to external optical fibers for transferring input optical signals to the apparatus and output optical signals from the apparatus. A first optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the optical I/O connector in the plane, and is configured to transfer the input optical signals from the optical I/O connector to respective optical detectors. A second optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the optical I/O connector in the plane, and is configured to transfer the output optical signals from respective optical emitters to the optical connector. A light rotation module is configured to bend and transfer the input and output optical signals between the optical I/O connector and the perpendicularly-mounted first and second optical ferrules.

Abstract: A method for decoding a plurality of flash memory cells which are error correction-coded, the method may include: comparing physical values residing in the plurality of flash memory cells to a first set of decision thresholds thereby to provide a first item of comparison information for each of the plurality of cells; comparing physical values residing the plurality of flash memory cells to a second set of decision thresholds, thereby to provide a second item of comparison information for each of the plurality of cells, wherein neither of the first and second sets of decision thresholds is a subset of the other; and determining logical values for the plurality of flash memory cells by combining said first and second items of comparison information.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a base substrate, a light rotation module and a flexible printed circuit board (PCB). The light rotation module has a bottom surface mounted on the base substrate and a top surface coupled to one or more optoelectronic transducers, and is configured to direct optical signals between the respective optoelectronic transducers and optical ports on a side perpendicular to the top surface. The flexible printed circuit board (PCB) includes a first end that is attached to the top surface of the light rotation module and has the optoelectronic transducers mounted thereon, a second end attached to the base substrate, and conductive traces disposed between the first and second ends to direct electrical signals between the optoelectronic transducers and the base substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a connector that connects to optical fibers for connecting first and second optical signals to the apparatus. A first optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the connector, and transfers the first optical signals between the connector and first optical transducers mounted on a first substrate, via first holes formed in the first substrate. A second optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the connector, and transfers the second optical signals between the connector and second optical transducers mounted on a second substrate, via second holes formed in the second substrate. A light rotation module bends and transfers the first and second optical signals between the connector and the first and second ferrules. One or more lenses are mounted between the first ferrule and the first holes, so as to couple the first optical signals via the first holes between the first ferrule and the first optical transducers.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an optical Input/Output (I/O) connector, which has a central axis that is mounted in a plane and which is configured to connect to external optical fibers for transferring input optical signals to the apparatus and output optical signals from the apparatus. A first optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the optical I/O connector in the plane, and is configured to transfer the input optical signals from the optical I/O connector to respective optical detectors. A second optical ferrule is mounted perpendicularly to the optical I/O connector in the plane, and is configured to transfer the output optical signals from respective optical emitters to the optical connector. A light rotation module is configured to bend and transfer the input and output optical signals between the optical I/O connector and the perpendicularly-mounted first and second optical ferrules.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an L-shaped fixture, a first semiconductor die and a second semiconductor die. The L-shaped fixture includes first and second perpendicular faces. The first semiconductor die includes an array of optoelectronic transducers and is attached onto the first face. The second semiconductor die, which is mounted parallel to the second face, includes ancillary circuitry connected to the optoelectronic transducers by electronic interconnects configured within the fixture.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an optical interconnect includes producing a semiconductor wafer that includes multiple first dies. Each first die includes circuitry disposed over a surface of the wafer and connected to conductive vias arranged in rows. The multiple first dies are diced by cutting the wafer across the rows of the vias, such that, in each first die, the cut vias form respective contact pads on a side face of the first die that is perpendicular to the surface. A second semiconductor die including one or more optoelectronic transducers is attached to the contact pads, so as to connect the transducers to the circuitry.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for selectively modulating a data frame of a signal using either a frequency-multiplexing modulation method or a spatial-multiplexing modulation method based on a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: A flash memory apparatus that may include a plurality of memory portions, and a controller operative to reserve for data retention purposes, for at least a first duration of time, only certain memory portions; allocate data, during said first duration of time, only to said certain memory portions, thereby to define a retired memory portion for said first duration of time; determine to copy data from a certain memory portion to a retired memory portion based upon a relationship between effective cycle counts of the certain memory portion and the retired memory portion, an effective cycle count of any memory portion is responsive to a number of erase-write cycles and to an effective duration of time the memory portion had available to recover from erase-write cycles; and copy the data from the certain memory portion to the retired memory portion.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an integrated optical interconnect includes disposing a layer over a substrate on which at least one optoelectronic transducer has been formed. A groove is formed in the layer in alignment with the optoelectronic transducer. A slanted mirror is formed in the layer at an end of the groove adjacent to the optoelectronic transducer to direct light between the optoelectronic transducer and an optical fiber placed in the groove.

Abstract: An optical interface module includes a single flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) including conductive traces. An electrical connector, one or more opto-electronic transducers and ancillary circuitry are disposed on the flexible PCB. The electrical connector is configured to mate with a corresponding connector on a substrate. The opto-electronic transducers are configured to be coupled to optical fibers carrying optical signals. The ancillary circuitry is coupled by the traces to the opto-electronic transducers and the electrical connector so as to convey electrical signals corresponding to the optical signals between the opto-electronic transducers and the electrical connector.

Abstract: Briefly, an apparatus and method to transmit data stream by using a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) transmitters receivers system. The MIMO transmitters receivers system may include a coding mode selector to select a coding mode of each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sub-carrier symbol of a first and second sub-carriers of a data stream according to a feedback data packet having coding information of the OFDM subcarrier symbol. The coding mode may be selected from a diversity coding mode and a multiplexing coding mode.

Abstract: Briefly, a wireless communication device that includes a processor to enable a determined number of receivers of a MIMO system according to a value provided with a request to enable the receivers is provided. A method for enabling the receivers of MIMO system is also provided.

Abstract: A method for decoding a plurality of flash memory cells which are error correction-coded, the method may include: comparing physical values residing in the plurality of flash memory cells to a first set of decision thresholds thereby to provide a first item of comparison information for each of the plurality of cells; comparing physical values residing the plurality of flash memory cells to a second set of decision thresholds, thereby to provide a second item of comparison information for each of the plurality of cells, wherein neither of the first and second sets of decision thresholds is a subset of the other; and determining logical values for the plurality of flash memory cells by combining said first and second items of comparison information.

Abstract: A method for converting a measured physical level of a cell into a logical value, in an array of memory cells storing physical levels which diminish over time, the method may include: determining extent of deterioration of the physical levels and determining thresholds accordingly for at least an individual cell in the array; and reading the individual cell including reading a physical level in said cell and converting said physical level into a logical value using at least some of said thresholds, wherein said determining extent of deterioration comprises storing predefined physical levels rather than data-determined physical levels in each of a plurality of cells and determining extent of deterioration by computing deterioration of said predefined physical levels.

Abstract: A flash memory system comprising temporary memory, writing apparatus for writing first logical data from the temporary memory into flash memory cells having at least two levels, thereby to generate a physical representation of the first logical data including known errors, reading apparatus for reading the physical representation from the cells, thereby to generate, and store in the temporary memory, second logical data which if read immediately is identical to the first logical data other than the known errors; and controlling apparatus controlling the writing apparatus and the reading apparatus and including known error ID apparatus operative to identify the known errors by comparing the first logical data to second logical data read immediately after the physical representation is generated, to store information characterizing the known errors and to use the information, when the second logical data is next read, to correct the known errors.