Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes: at least one sensitive element including a soft magnetic material and having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction and a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction, the at least one sensitive element being configured to sense a magnetic field by a magnetic impedance effect; at least one protruding portion including a soft magnetic material and protruding in the longitudinal direction from a longitudinal end of the at least one sensitive element; and a guiding member disposed opposite the at least one protruding portion and made of a soft magnetic material, the guiding member being configured to guide magnetic field lines toward the at least one protruding portion.

Abstract: A touch detecting apparatus includes an electrostatic sensor provided on an object; and a processor configured to detect whether a hand touches the object based on a capacitance measured by the electrostatic sensor. The processor is configured to, in response to the capacitance being greater than or equal to a first touch threshold, detect that the hand touches the object, and, for a second predetermined time from when a change amount of the capacitance during a first predetermined time becomes greater than or equal to a noise threshold, continue a state where a correction value has been added to the first touch threshold.

Abstract: The refractive index of the inner core part 11 in a region in contact with the boundary of the outer core part 12 is higher than the refractive index of the outer core part 12. The refractive index of the outer core part 12 is gradually decreased from the inner circumferential side to the outer circumferential side. The refractive index of the inner cladding part 21 is equal to the refractive index of the outermost circumferential part of the outer core part 12 and not greater than the refractive index of the outer cladding part 22.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a core and a cladding surrounding an outer periphery of the core and has a refractive index profile in which a relative refractive index difference with respect to a distance r from a center of the core is represented by ?(r), where a value of A represented by A=??00.22MFD1.31(?(r)??ref(r))dr+?0.22MFD1.310.44MFD1.31(?(r)??ref(r))dr??(Formula 1) is 0.3%·?m or less, where a unit of r is ?m, a unit of a relative refractive index difference ?(r) is %, ?ref(r)=?0.064r+0.494, and MFD1.31 is a mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1.31 ?m.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a core and a cladding surrounding an outer periphery of the core and has a refractive index profile in which a relative refractive index difference with respect to a distance r from a center of the core is represented by ?(r), where a value of A represented by A=??00.22MFD1.31(?(r)??ref(r))dr+?0.22MFD1.310.44MFD1.31(?(r)??ref(r))dr??(Formula 1) is 0.3%·?m or less, where a unit of r is ?m, a unit of a relative refractive index difference ?(r) is %, ?ref(r)=?0.064r+0.494, and MFD1.31 is a mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1.31 ?m.

Abstract: An optical fiber including a core and a cladding including an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer is provided. The refractive index of the core ?1, the refractive index of the inner cladding layer ?2, and the refractive index of the outer cladding layer ?3 have a relationship denoted by the following expressions: ?1max>?2min and ?1max>?3, and 0.01%<|?2min??3|<0.03%. An outer circumference radius r1 of the core, an outer circumferential radius r2 of the inner cladding layer, and an outer circumferential radius r3 of the outer cladding layer have a relationship denoted by the following expressions: r1<r2<r3, and 0.2?r1/r2?0.5. A cable cut-off wavelength ?cc 1260 nm or less. A mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1310 nm is 8.6 ?m or more and 9.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: The refractive index of the inner core part 11 in a region in contact with the boundary of the outer core part 12 is higher than the refractive index of the outer core part 12. The refractive index of the outer core part 12 is gradually decreased from the inner circumferential side to the outer circumferential side. The refractive index of the inner cladding part 21 is equal to the refractive index of the outermost circumferential part of the outer core part 12 and not greater than the refractive index of the outer cladding part 22.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a core, and a clad surrounding an outer circumference of the core, in which a first relative refractive index difference ?1a is greater than 0, a second relative refractive index difference ?1b is greater than 0, the first relative refractive index difference ?1a is greater than the second relative refractive index difference ?1b, the first relative refractive index difference ?1a and the second relative refractive index difference ?1b satisfy a relationship denoted by the following expression: 0.20?(?1a??1b)/?1a?0.88, and a refractive index profile ? of the core in an entire region of a section of 0?r?r1 as a function ?(r) of a distance r from a center of the core in the radial direction is denoted by the following expression: ?(r)=?1a?(?1a??1b)r/r1.

Abstract: An optical fiber including a core and a cladding including an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer is provided. The refractive index of the core ?1, the refractive index of the inner cladding layer ?2, and the refractive index of the outer cladding layer ?3 have a relationship denoted by the following expressions: ?1max>?2min and ?1max>?3, and 0.01%<|?2min??3|<0.03%. An outer circumference radius r1 of the core, an outer circumferential radius r2 of the inner cladding layer, and an outer circumferential radius r3 of the outer cladding layer have a relationship denoted by the following expressions: r1<r2<r3, and 0.2?r1/r2?0.5. A cable cut-off wavelength ?cc 1260 nm or less. A mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1310 nm is 8.6 ?m or more and 9.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a core, and a clad surrounding an outer circumference of the core, in which a first relative refractive index difference ?1a is greater than 0, a second relative refractive index difference ?1b is greater than 0, the first relative refractive index difference ?1a is greater than the second relative refractive index difference ?1b, the first relative refractive index difference ?1a and the second relative refractive index difference ?1b satisfy a relationship denoted by the following expression: 0.20?(?1a??1b)/?1a?0.88, and a refractive index profile A of the core in an entire region of a section of 0?r?r1 as a function ?(r) of a distance r from a center of the core in the radial direction is denoted by the following expression: ?(r)=?1a?(?1a??1b)r/r1.

Abstract: A muffle tube inspection method inspects a muffle tube used for dehydrating and sintering a silica glass-based optical fiber preform, the muffle tube includes a sintering furnace provided with a furnace body covering a heater disposed around a periphery of the muffle tube. The method detects a crack generated at the muffle tube by measuring a pressure inside the furnace body while varying a pressure inside the muffle tube.