Abstract: A document platen on which a document is placed; and a reading sensor having a light source for irradiating the document with light, are provided, and the reading sensor performs first scanning for irradiating the document with light at a first light quantity, and then performs second scanning for irradiating the document with light at a second light quantity greater than the first light quantity.

Abstract: Provided are a welding device and a welding method that can realize efficient welding in terms of time and in terms of energy. The embodiment includes: a first graphite heater 110 and a second graphite heater 120 that come into contact with a first member 210 and a second member 220; and a first die 130 and a second die 140 that interpose the first and second graphite heaters 110, 120 between each of the first and second members 210, 220 and each die. The first and second graphite heaters 110, 120 have graphite sheets 114, 124 that generate heat by electric power, insulating materials 113, 123, outer covers 111, 121, and inner covers 112, 122 and are configured such that structures of the graphite sheets 114, 124 and the insulating materials 113, 123 interposing the graphite sheets are interposed between outer covers 111, 121 and inner covers 112, 122.

Abstract: An object is to suitably press a composite material. A processing apparatus 10 includes: a mold 11 having a pressing surface 11a configured to press a composite material 1 in which a resin and fibers are compounded; a cooling water pipe 12 configured to adjust the temperature of the composite material 1; and a graphite sheet 13 provided between the pressing surface 11a and the composite material 1 and deformed by pressing force from the mold 11, the graphite sheet 13 having higher thermal conductivity in a direction along the pressing surface than in a direction intersecting the pressing surface. The graphite sheet 13 is provided between the entire surface of the pressing surface 11a and the composite material 1.

Abstract: A hydraulic system includes a piston, a swash plate opposed to the piston, and a swash plate supporting member supporting the swash plate so that a tilt of the swash plate is variable. An oil reservoir portion is provided between the swash plate and the swash plate supporting member, the oil reservoir portion communicating with a pressure oil introducing passage. An area of the oil reservoir portion between the swash plate and the swash plate supporting member varies with the tilt of the swash plate.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cell population comprising adherent stem cells and exhibiting high immunosuppressive activity and/or proliferative property and a production method of the cell population, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the cell population. The present invention provides a production method of a cell population comprising adherent stem cells, the method comprising obtaining a cell population having the following cell characteristics (a) and (b): (a) the cell population is positive for expressions of PLIN2 gene and NEFM gene, (b) the cell population satisfies the relative expression level of PLIN2 gene to the expression level of SDHA gene of 1.50 or more.

Abstract: A hydraulic system includes a piston, a swash plate opposed to the piston, and a swash plate supporting member supporting the swash plate so that a tilt of the swash plate is variable. An oil reservoir portion is provided between the swash plate and the swash plate supporting member, the oil reservoir portion communicating with a pressure oil introducing passage. An area of the oil reservoir portion between the swash plate and the swash plate supporting member varies with the tilt of the swash plate.