Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, and an external additive, wherein the external additive comprises a hydrotalcite particle, the toner comprises fumaric acid, and when a content of the hydrotalcite particle in the toner on a mass basis is denoted by a (%) and a content of the fumaric acid in the toner on a mass basis is denoted by b (%), then the a and the b satisfy formula (1) below: 1. ? a / b ? 3 ? 0 ? 0. .

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a magnetic body, and a silica fine particle on a surface of the toner particle, wherein fragment ions corresponding to a D unit structure are observed in a specific measurement; when the silica fine particle is dispersed in a mixed solution of ethanol and aqueous solution of NaCl, followed by a titration operation using sodium hydroxide, a titer is within a specific range; in a chemical shift obtained by a specific measurement, with D as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range from ?25 to ?15 ppm, and with D1 as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range of more than ?19 ppm and ?17 ppm or less, D and D1 are in a specific ratio; and the magnetic body is present on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A toner including a polyester resin-including toner particle and a silica fine particle, wherein fragment ions corresponding to a D unit structure are observed in TOF-SIMS measurement of the silica fine particle, where the silica fine particle is dispersed in a specific mixed liquid and a titration operation using sodium hydroxide is performed, the titer is within a specific range, where an area of a peak having a peak top within the range from ?25 to ?15 ppm in 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle is denoted by D and an area of a peak having a peak top within the range from more than ?19 ppm to ?17 ppm or less is denoted by D1, the specific surface area of the silica fine particle, D and D1 satisfy specific relationships, and the polyester resin is present on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A toner comprises a toner particle and silica fine particles, wherein, fragment ions of a D unit structure are observed in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry measurement of the silica fine particles, in a titration operation of the silica fine particles using NaOH, the titer is within a specific range, an area of a peak from ?25 to ?15 ppm in 29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particles is denoted by D, the sum of the areas of peaks from ?140 to 100 ppm is denoted by S, and an area of a peak from more than ?19 ppm to ?17 ppm or less is denoted by D1, the specific surface area of the silica fine particles, D, D1, and S satisfy specific relationships, and a specific amount of a specific polyvalent metal element is present on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A toner includes a toner particle including a release agent, and a silica fine particle on a surface of the toner particle. Fragment ions corresponding to a D unit structure are observed in a specific measurement; when the silica fine particle is dispersed in a mixed solution of ethanol and aqueous solution of NaCl, followed by a titration operation using sodium hydroxide a titer is within a specific range; in a chemical shift obtained by a specific measurement, with D as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range from -25 to -15 ppm, and with D1 as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range of more than -19 ppm and -17 ppm or less, D and D1 are in a specific ratio. The release agent is present on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A toner includes a toner particle, and a silica fine particle on a surface of the toner particle. Fragment ions corresponding to a D unit structure are observed in a specific measurement; when the silica fine particle is dispersed in a mixed solution of ethanol and aqueous solution of NaCl, followed by a titration operation using sodium hydroxide, a titer is within a specific range; in a chemical shift obtained by a specific measurement, with D as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range from -25 to -15 ppm, and with D1 as an area of a peak having a peak top present in a range of more than -19 ppm and -17 ppm or less, D and D1 are in a specific ratio; and a vinyl-based resin having a specific structure is present on the surface of the toner particle.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle and an external additive, wherein the external additive comprises a silica particle and a hydrotalcite particle containing fluorine which is present in cross sections of the hydrotalcite particle, wherein, when a content of the hydrotalcite particle containing the fluorine and a content of the silica particle to 100 parts by mass of the toner particle are defined as Wh and Ws respectively, Wh and Ws are in specific ranges, and a sum of areas of peaks which are present in a range of ?140 to 100 ppm of a chemical shift of the silica particle obtained by a solid-state 29Si-NMR DD/MAS method is defined as S, the area of the peak of a D unit and Q unit are defined as D and Q respectively, the Wh, the Ws, S, the D, and the Q satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and a release agent, wherein the binder resin comprises a crystalline resin A, the crystalline resin A comprises a monomer unit derived from a monomer (a), the monomer (a) is at least one selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid esters having an alkyl group with 18 to 36 carbon atoms, the peak temperature and endothermic quantity at an endothermic peak derived from the crystalline resin A in DSC measurements using the toner satisfy specific relationships, and the release agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon-based waxes and ester waxes.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and an azo dye, wherein the binder resin comprises a polymer A, the polymer A is a polymer having a monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile, and a relationship among an amount of substance (mol) of the monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile, an amount of substance (mol) of the azo dye, and the number of azo groups in the azo dye in the toner particle satisfies formula below: [(amount of substance of azo dye (mol))×(number of azo groups in azo dye)/(amount of substance of monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile (mol))]?0.500.

Abstract: A toner contains a toner particle containing a resin component and a wax. The resin component contains a vinyl polymer A having a monomer unit A represented by the formula (A): In a luminance histogram created from STEM observation, the total pixel value C in luminance 0 to 9 and the total pixel value A in luminance 0 to 245 satisfy 0.000?C/A?0.250. When the pixel value in luminance 10 to 245 has a maximum value P at luminance X, luminance M-luminance N ranges from 120 to 235, wherein the luminance M denotes a luminance at which the pixel value falls below 20% of P for the first time from the luminance X to 245, and the luminance N denotes a luminance at which the pixel value falls below 20% of the P for the first time from the luminance X to 10.

Abstract: A toner comprises a toner particle comprising a resin A and a resin B, wherein the resin A has a structure represented by a predetermined general formula, and the resin B has a monomer unit represented by a predetermined general formula, and a toner manufacturing method comprises a step of dispersing a toner base particle comprising the resin B in an aqueous medium to obtain a toner slurry, and a step of adding a radical polymerization initiator and a monomer composition comprising a monomer represented by a predetermined general formula to the resulting toner slurry to form the resin A on a surface of the toner base particle.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin and an azo dye, wherein the binder resin comprises a polymer A, the polymer A is a polymer having a monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile, and a relationship among an amount of substance (mol) of the monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile, an amount of substance (mol) of the azo dye, and the number of azo groups in the azo dye in the toner particle satisfies formula below: [(amount of substance of azo dye (mol))×(number of azo groups in azo dye)/(amount of substance of monomer unit derived from methacrylonitrile (mol))]?0.500.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle including a crystalline resin, wherein where a complex modulus of elasticity at 30° C. is denoted by G*(30) and a complex modulus of elasticity at 50° C. is denoted by G*(50) in dynamic viscoelasticity measurement of the toner, and where a peak temperature of an exothermic peak derived from the crystalline resin in a temperature lowering process after a temperature is raised to 150° C., is denoted by Tc (° C.), a peak temperature of an endothermic peak derived from the crystalline resin in a temperature raising process after the temperature lowering process, is denoted by Tm (° C.), and an endothermic quantity is denoted by ?H (J/g) in differential scanning calorimetry of the toner, G*(30), G*(50), Tc, Tm and ?H satisfy specific relationships.

Abstract: A toner including a toner particle that contains a binder resin, a polyester resin A and a wax, wherein the polyester resin A contains a specific amount of an isosorbide unit based on a total number of monomer units constituting the polyester resin A, the content of the polyester resin A is a specific amount, and when observing a cross-section of the toner, twenty toner particle cross-sections are selected that have a major axis R (?m) that satisfies a specific relationship with respect to the weight-average diameter D4 (?m) of the toner, each major axis r that have the largest major axis is measured for those domains composed of wax present in the selected toner particle cross-sections, and the arithmetic mean (r/R)st of the determined r/R satisfies a specific relationship.

Abstract: A toner including a toner particle that contains a binder resin, a polyester resin A and a wax, wherein the polyester resin A contains a specific amount of an isosorbide unit based on a total number of monomer units constituting the polyester resin A, the content of the polyester resin A is a specific amount, and when observing a cross-section of the toner, twenty toner particle cross-sections are selected that have a major axis R (?m) that satisfies a specific relationship with respect to the weight-average diameter D4 (?m) of the toner, each major axis r that have the largest major axis is measured for those domains composed of wax present in the selected toner particle cross-sections, and the arithmetic mean (r/R)st of the determined r/R satisfies a specific relationship.

Abstract: Provided is a toner for which the heat-resistant storability and the low-temperature fixability are able to co-exist at higher levels and for which the temporal stability of the low-temperature fixability is also excellent. The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a pigment, and this binder resin contains a polyester resin that has a specific structure and specific properties.

Abstract: The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a wax, wherein the wax is present in domain form in the interior of the toner particle; the proportion of toner particles for which the position of the wax domains are controlled, is in a prescribed range; using d for a major axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length and using D for a number-average particle diameter of the toner, the d and D satisfy a prescribed relationship; and the ratio between the major axis length and the minor axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length is in a prescribed range.

Abstract: The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a wax, wherein the wax is present in domain form in the interior of the toner particle; the proportion of toner particles for which the position of the wax domains are controlled, is in a prescribed range; using d for a major axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length and using D for a number-average particle diameter of the toner, the d and D satisfy a prescribed relationship; and the ratio between the major axis length and the minor axis length of the domain having the largest major axis length is in a prescribed range.

Abstract: It is intended to provide an image forming method, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have favorable cleaning properties and can suppress reduction in image quality caused by the contamination of a charging member. A surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member satisfies the condition (i) or (ii), and toner contains a resin having an isosorbide unit: (i) containing a fluorine resin particle and at lease one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyarylate resin and a polycarbonate resin, and (ii) containing at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyarylate resin and a polycarbonate resin each having a polysiloxane structure.

Abstract: The present invention is a toner including toner particles prepared by forming particles of a polymerizable monomer composition including a polymerizable monomer, a pigment, a pigment dispersant and a crystalline polyester resin in an aqueous medium, and polymerizing the polymerizable monomer, wherein the polymerizable monomer is a polymerizable monomer for preparing a vinyl copolymer, the difference in an SP value between the pigment dispersant and the crystalline polyester resin is ?1.5 to +0.8, the difference in an SP value between the pigment dispersant an the vinyl copolymer is ?1.1 to +1.2, the pigment dispersant has a polymer component and an adsorbable component adsorbed to the pigment, the polymer component is a vinyl polymer, the polymer component of the pigment dispersant has a number average molecular weight of 3,000 to 20,000, and a rate of adsorption of the pigment dispersant to the pigment is 30% or more.