Abstract: According to a method of detecting a lift amount of a valve, an area-increasing jig is attached to an upper surface of a retainer attached to the valve. The area-increasing jig has a larger width than a width of the upper surface of the retainer. Then a lift amount of the valve is detected by measuring a distance to the area-increasing jig by using a non-contact sensor disposed above the retainer.

Abstract: According to a method of detecting a lift amount of a valve, an area-increasing jig is attached to an upper surface of a retainer attached to the valve. The area-increasing jig has a larger width than a width of the upper surface of the retainer. Then a lift amount of the valve is detected by measuring a distance to the area-increasing jig by using a non-contact sensor disposed above the retainer.

Abstract: A water-soluble electrospun sheet, containing a water-soluble base material made of at least one material selected from a group consisting of: high-molecular proteins and decomposition products thereof; cellulose-based polymers; plant-based polymers and decomposition products thereof; vinyl-based polymers; acrylic-based polymers; and water-soluble polysaccharides; is provided. In addition to the water-soluble base material, the sheet may further contain at least one functional component selected from among: emulsifying components; stabilizing components; antimicrobial components; humectant components; skin-whitening components; anti-ultraviolet components; astringent components; keratin-softening components; anti-inflammatory components; and coloring components.

Abstract: A powder composition, characterized in that the powder composition includes delipidated egg yolk particles and a functional food material, the functional food material being impregnated in pores of the delipidated egg yolk particles; a method for preparing a powder composition characterized by mixing a delipidated egg yolk with water, spray-drying the resulting mixture, to prepare porous, delipidated egg yolk particles having pores on surfaces thereof; and mixing the resulting delipidated egg yolk particles with a functional food material, and drying the resulting mixture under reduced pressure; and a food including the powder composition mentioned above.