Abstract: An image display device includes a first optical modulator that modulates a plurality of color lights coming from a light source, a color combination member that combines the color lights, a second optical modulator that modulates a light provided by the color combination member as a result of the color light combination, and a relay optical system that is disposed between the color combination member and the second optical modulator. The replay optical system guides the light provided by the color combination member to the second optical modulator. A light transmissive member is disposed between the relay optical system and the second optical modulator, and allows optical path conditions from the first optical modulator to the relay optical system via the color combination member to be substantially the same as optical path conditions from the relay optical system to the second optical modulator.

Abstract: A display control apparatus that controls first and second modulation sections optically connected in series includes a storage unit and a control unit. The storage unit stores information to specify a defective pixel of the first modulation section. The control unit controls the second modulation section in response to a defect of the defective pixel being stored in the storage unit.

Abstract: A projector includes: a first light modulation device that modulates illumination light; a second light modulation device that further modulates the illumination light modulated by the first light modulation device; a projection unit that projects the modulated illumination light toward a screen; and an optical device moving unit that moves an optical device blocking at least part of the illumination light relatively to a light path of the illumination light to move the device off the light path in response to an external request.

Abstract: In a projection-type display device 1, a display control device 2 that controls a first DMD 50 and a second DMD 70 is composed by comprising an interface circuit 2a, a mirror device drive circuit 2b for controlling the driving of the micromirrors of second DMD 50, a mirror device drive circuit 2c for controlling the driving of the micromirrors of second DMD 70, a CPU 2d that controls computations and the entire system based on a control program, a ROM 2e that contains the control program of CPU 2d and so forth in a predefined area, and a RAM 2f for containing data read from ROM 2e and so forth and computation results required for the computation process of CPU 2d.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a light propagation characteristic control apparatus which extends the light-intensity dynamic range and the number of levels, and are suited for enhancing image quality and reducing the size and generation time of tables. Exemplary embodiments provide a projection display apparatus that tentatively decides a transmissivity T2 of each pixel of a color-modulation light valve depending upon HDR display data, and decides a transmissivity T1 of each pixel of an intensity-modulation light valve depending upon a tentatively decided transmissivity T2 and the HDR display data, and a control value of each pixel of the intensity-modulation light valve depending upon a decided transmissivity T1. Depending upon a decided transmissivity T1 and the HDR display data, transmissivity T2 is decided of each pixel of the color-modulation light valve. Depending upon a decided transmissivity T2, a control value is decided of each pixel of the color-modulation light valve.

Abstract: A transmission type photocathode includes a light absorption layer 1 formed of diamond or a material containing diamond as a main component, a supporting frame 21 for reinforcing the mechanical strength of the light absorption layer 1, a first electrode 31 provided at the plane of incidence of the light absorption layer 1, and a second electrode 32 provided at the plane of emission of the light absorption layer 1. A voltage is applied between the plane of incidence and plane of emission of the light absorption layer 1 to form an electric field in the light absorption layer 1. When light to be detected is made incident and photoelectrons occur in the light absorption layer 1, the photoelectrons are accelerated to the plane of emission by the electric field formed in the light absorption layer 1, and emitted to the outside of the transmission type photocathode.

Abstract: An image display device that displays an image by modulating a light from a light source according to display image data, includes: a first light modulation element that modulates a light emitted from the light source; and a second light modulation element that is disposed on an optical path in series with the first light modulation element and modulates a light exiting from the first light modulation element, wherein the first light modulation element and the second light modulation element are disposed in such a manner that a bright-field direction of an optical image of the first light modulation element and a bright-field direction of the second light modulation element almost coincide with each other.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes: a light source; a first light modulation element which has a plurality of pixels whose light modulation characteristics can be independently controlled and modulates light emitted from the light source; a second light modulation element which has a plurality of pixels whose light modulation characteristics can be independently controlled and modulates light emitted from the first light modulation element; and a relay optical system disposed between the first light modulation element and the second light modulation element to create an image formation surface by forming an optical image produced by the first light modulation element at a predetermined position. A pixel surface of the second light modulation element is positioned away from the image formation surface of the optical image produced by the first light modulation element.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for controlling a display apparatus including a luminance modulation element and a color modulation element that are configured using different modulation elements, includes: a control value determination unit that determines, based on an input target color value, using a plurality of color conversion matrixes that describe a relationship between the target color value and a control value for the color modulation element for each control value for the luminance modulation element, the control value for the color modulation element; and a correction unit that non-linearly corrects the control value for the color modulation element according to a characteristic of the color modulation element.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus used for a projection type display is provided, which can change the incident ray volume to an optical modulation device without changing the optical output intensity of the lamp, and can exhibit excellent effects in expressive power of an image and adaptability to the use environment. The lighting apparatus of the present invention comprises; a light source, two fly-eye lenses constituting a uniform lighting device, and a shading plate arranged between these fly-eye lenses and constituting a dimming device for adjusting the amount of light of the outgoing light from the light source. The angle of inclination of the shading plate is controlled based on an image signal supplied to the optical modulation device, thereby enabling adjustment of the amount of light.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide an optical display device that modulates light from a light source in two stages through an optical modulator and a luminance adjusting element to expand the luminance dynamic range and the number of the gradation levels of a display image, that allows the picture quality to be enhanced, and that is suitably applied to display an image according to the resolution of the luminance adjusting element having a higher resolution than the optical modulator. Exemplary embodiments provide a projection type display device that converts RGB pixel values in HDR display data into YCbCr pixel values, selects the maximum Ymax from corresponding YCbCr values on a pixel-basis in a color modulation light valve, and calculates average values Cbave and Crave.

Abstract: A projection-type display device 1 including a light source 10, an optical integrator 20, dichroic mirrors 30 and 35, a reflecting mirror 36, a relay optical system 40, parallelizing lenses 50B, 50G and 50R, liquid crystal light valves 60B, 60G and 60R, incident side lenses 70B, 70G and 70R, a light-synthesizing cross dichroic prism 80, a relay lens 90, an emergent side lens 95, a liquid crystal light valve 100 and a projection lens 110, and liquid crystal light valve 100 is provided in the rear stage of liquid crystal light valves 60B, 60G and 60R.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide an image display apparatus for displaying an image by modulating light from a light source based on display image data. The apparatus can include a first light modulator device can modulate light from the light source, a second light modulator device that can modulate the light from the first light modulator device, and a polarization compensation system disposed between the first light modulator device and the second light modulator device for compensating a polarization state of light.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a light propagation characteristic control apparatus which realizes to extend the light-intensity dynamic range and the number of levels, and is suited for enhancing image quality and reducing the size and generation time of tables. A projection display apparatus tentatively decides a transmissivity T2 of each pixel of a color-modulation light valve, decides a transmissivity T1 of each pixel of an light intensity-modulation light valve depending upon a tentatively decided transmissivity T2 and HDR display data and decides a control value of each pixel of an light intensity-modulation light valve depending upon a decided transmissivity T1. Then, depending upon a decided transmissivity T1 and HDR display data, a transmissivity T2 is decided of each pixel of the color modulation light valve. Depending upon a decided transmissivity T2, decided is a control value of each pixel of the color modulation light valve.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus used for a projection type display is provided, which can change the incident ray volume to an optical modulation device without changing the optical output intensity of the lamp, and can exhibit excellent effects in expressive power of an image and adaptability to the use environment. The lighting apparatus of the present invention comprises; a light source, two fly-eye lenses constituting a uniform lighting device, and a shading plate arranged between these fly-eye lenses and constituting a dimming device for adjusting the amount of light of the outgoing light from the light source. The angle of inclination of the shading plate is controlled based on an image signal supplied to the optical modulation device, thereby enabling adjustment of the amount of light.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes: a light source; a first light modulation element which has a plurality of pixels whose light modulation characteristics can be independently controlled and modulates light emitted from the light source; a second light modulation element which has a plurality of pixels whose light modulation characteristics can be independently controlled and modulates light emitted from the first light modulation element; and a relay optical system disposed between the first light modulation element and the second light modulation element to create an image formation surface by forming an optical image produced by the first light modulation element at a predetermined position. A pixel surface of the second light modulation element is positioned away from the image formation surface of the optical image produced by the first light modulation element.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention can provide an image display device for modulating light from a light source on the basis of display image data to display an image. The image display device can include a first optically modulating device for modulating light from the light source, a second optically modulating device for modulating light from the first optically modulating device, a relay lens system provided between the first optically modulating device and the second optically modulating device for forming an optical image of the first optically modulating device on a light-receiving surface of the second optically modulating device, and at least one reflecting optical device provided between plural lenses forming the relay lens system.

Abstract: A light-emitting body of rapid speed of response and high light emission intensity, and an electron beam detector, scanning electron microscope and mass spectroscope using this are provided. In the light-emitting body 10 according to the present invention, when fluorescence is emitted by a nitride semiconductor layer 14 formed on one face 12a of a substrate 12 in response to incidence of electrons, at least some of this fluorescence is transmitted through this substrate 12, whereby that fluorescence is emitted from the other face 12b of the substrate. The response speed of this fluorescence is not more than ?sec order. Also, the intensity of emission of this fluorescence is almost identical to that of a conventional P47 phosphor. Specifically, with this light-emitting body 10, a response speed and light emission intensity are obtained that are fully satisfactory for application to a scanning electron microscope or mass spectroscope.

Abstract: An image display device that displays an image by modulating a light from a light source according to display image data, includes: a first light modulation element that modulates a light emitted from the light source; and a second light modulation element that is disposed on an optical path in series with the first light modulation element and modulates a light exiting from the first light modulation element, wherein an opening in a unit pixel of the first light modulation element and an opening in a unit pixel of the second light modulation element are of analogous shapes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconductor chip manufacturing method in which a semiconductor thin film can be cut in a relatively short time and the cut surface can be relatively smoothly formed. When an Si substrate having a diamond thin film formed on the surface thereof is cut in the chip form, a modified region based on multiphoton absorption is formed as a cutting starting point region formed along a cutting planned line by irradiating at least the Si substrate with a laser beam whose condense point is focused to the inside of the Si substrate, along the cutting planned line. The diamond thin film is cut in connection with the cutting of the Si substrate along the cutting starting point region defined by the modified region.