Abstract: Provided is a coating apparatus that suppresses the phenomenon in which a semisolid film is retained on the upper-end edge portion of the coating bath even after the circulation of the coating liquid is resumed, resulting in the occurrence of coating defects, and a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the coating apparatus. The upper-end portion of the coating bath includes a first upper-end surface, a second upper-end surface that is positioned below the first upper-end surface and has an outer diameter larger than that of the first upper-end surface, and a step surface that interconnects the first upper-end surface and the second upper-end surface. The coating liquid is capable of overflowing from the coating bath, flowing along the second upper-end surface, and flowing while wetting the whole area of the step surface when the circulation is resumed.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler disposed in proximity to a cylinder of a general-purpose engine is provided, in which an exhaust muffler for a general-purpose engine is formed from a muffler main body connected to a cylinder of a general-purpose engine via an exhaust pipe and disposed adjacent to the cylinder, a partition member that divides the interior of the muffler main body into a first muffler chamber communicating with the exhaust pipe and a second muffler chamber communicating with an exhaust outlet of the muffler main body, and an exhaust cooling pipe exposed outside the muffler main body while providing communication between the first muffler chamber and the second muffler chamber. This enables exhaust gas to be cooled effectively by passing though the exhaust cooling pipe when moving from the first muffler chamber to the second muffler chamber, thus enhancing muffling by reducing the pressure of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler disposed in proximity to a cylinder of a general-purpose engine is provided, in which an exhaust muffler (M) for a general-purpose engine is formed from a muffler main body (15) connected to a cylinder (3) of a general-purpose engine (E) via an exhaust pipe (10) and disposed adjacent to the cylinder (3), a partition member (19) that divides the interior of the muffler main body (15) into a first muffler chamber (16) communicating with the exhaust pipe (10) and a second muffler chamber (17) communicating with an exhaust outlet (35) of the muffler main body (15), and an exhaust cooling pipe (31) exposed outside the muffler main body (15) while providing communication between the first muffler chamber (16) and the second muffler chamber (17).

Abstract: A method of producing an electronic module having an electronic part and a mounting part for mounting the electric module to an external apparatus, includes a step of disposing the electronic part in a cavity of a die, a step of disposing the mounting part in the die with a first portion of the mounting part being positioned in the cavity and a second portion of the mounting part being outside of the cavity, a step of supplying a resin into the cavity of the die, a step of curing the resin while the electronic part and the first portion of the mounting part are immersed in the resin in the cavity of the die, and a step of extracting the resin from the cavity after the resin is cured in the step of curing.

Abstract: Provided is a coating apparatus that suppresses the phenomenon in which a semisolid film is retained on the upper-end edge portion of the coating bath even after the circulation of the coating liquid is resumed, resulting in the occurrence of coating defects, and a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the coating apparatus. The upper-end portion of the coating bath includes a first upper-end surface, a second upper-end surface that is positioned below the first upper-end surface and has an outer diameter larger than that of the first upper-end surface, and a step surface that interconnects the first upper-end surface and the second upper-end surface. The coating liquid is capable of overflowing from the coating bath, flowing along the second upper-end surface, and flowing while wetting the whole area of the step surface when the circulation is resumed.

Abstract: In a general purpose engine, a crankcase is formed from a case main body and a cover secured to the case main body, and a bearing support member is disposed between a drive transmission wheel and a crank web that is at one end in the axial direction. The bearing support member is formed into a shape that allows oil held within the crankcase to flow between opposite sides of the bearing support member and is mounted on the case main body.

Abstract: In a general purpose engine, a crankcase is formed from a case main body and a cover secured to the case main body, and a bearing support member is disposed between a drive transmission wheel and a crank web that is at one end in the axial direction. The bearing support member is formed into a shape that allows oil held within the crankcase to flow between opposite sides of the bearing support member and is mounted on the case main body.

Abstract: In a working 4-cycle engine including a crankcase, a cylinder block inclined with respect to the crankcase, and an oil pan located in a lower portion of the crankcase. An auxiliary oil tank is disposed below the cylinder block in the direction of inclination of the cylinder block. The auxiliary oil tank communicates with the inside of the oil pan and normally assumes a position higher than the level of oil stored in the oil pan. However, when the engine is tilted down in the direction of inclination of the cylinder block, the oil stored in the oil pan flows into and is accumulated in the auxiliary oil tank. Thus, even if the engine is tilted down in the direction of inclination of the cylinder block, the oil stored in the oil pan is prevented from flowing into the cylinder.

Abstract: The Al-Si sintered alloy having good mechanical strength and elongation and is especially excellent in wear resistance, and a method for producing the same. The sintered alloy consists of 2.4-23.5% Si, 2-5% Cu, 0.2-1.5% Mg, 0.01-1% of transition metals and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and has a dapple grain structure of an Al-solid solution phase and an Al-Si alloy phase containing dispersed pro-eutectic Si crystals having a maximum diameter of 5-60 .mu.m either in the whole body or in the surface contact portion, and the area ratio of the Al-solid solution phase in the grain structure is in the range of 20-80%.

Abstract: A heat-and-moisture exchanger including a thin film-like porous material as a partitioning element for heat and moisture exchanges between two gases, said porous material containing numerous pores having an average diameter of not more than 5 microns and opened to both surfaces thereof, and having a thickness of not more than 500 microns, a specific surface area of at least 0.3 m.sup.2 /g, and a gas permeability having a value of at least 50 seconds/100 cc. This heat-and-moisture exchanger is used in a ventilating device and an air-conditioner.

Abstract: A novel composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an aromatic polyester, 5 to 150 parts by weight of powdery feldspar and optionally 5 to 120 parts by weight of a plate-like inorganic filler such as glass flakes and/or 1 to 100 parts by weight of a rubbery elastomer such as acrylic rubber. Up to a half of the powdery feldspar may be replaced by another pulverulent inorganic filler such as talc. The composition is useful as engineering plastics because it gives molded articles having high impact strength and heat distortion temperatures and reduced warping.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a linear polyester having a high degree of polymerization which comprises first preparing a prepolymer of polyester and then polycondensing the prepolymer. In the first step, a prepolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.2 is prepared, and the subsequent polycondensation is carried out in the presence of an organic boron compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and M represents a monovalent metal. According to this method, the polycondensation can be performed at atmospheric pressure, and a substantially linear polyester having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.5 and superior thermal stability can be obtained rapidly.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyesters having superior thermal stability, transparency and chemical resistance, which comprises (1) a first step of esterifying (A) a difunctional carboxylic acid containing at least 60 mole% of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, (B) 0 to 80 mole%, based on component (A), of an aliphatic diol and/or a dihydroxybenzene and (C) an aromatic monohydroxy compound in an amount of at least 210 mole% as a total of it and component (B) based on component (A), the esterification being performed until the degree of esterification reaches at least 80%, (2) subsequently, a second step of adding 0 to 80 mole%, based on component (A), of component (B) and a bisphenol (D) in an amount of 100 to 130 mole% as a total of it and component (B) based on component (A) to the reaction product obtained in the first step and reacting the mixture, the total amount of components (B) used in the first and second steps being 0 to 80 mole% based on component (C), and (3) performing at least the first of the above st

Abstract: A process for preparing polyesters which comprises (1) a first step of esterifying (A) a difunctional carboxylic acid containing at least 60 mole% of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, (B) 0 to 80 mole%, based on component (A), of an aliphatic diol and (C) an aromatic monohydroxy compound in an amount of at least 210 mole% as a total of it and component (B) based on component (A), the esterification being performed until the degree of esterification reaches 80 to 98%, and (2) a second step of adding 0 to 80 mole%, based on component (A), of component (B), and an aromatic dihydroxy compound (D) in an amount of 95 to 130 mole% as a total of it and component (B) based on component (A), to the reaction product obtained in the first step and reacting the mixture, the total amount of components (B) used in the first and second steps being 0 to 80 mole% based on component (A).

Abstract: The present invention provides a substantially linear aromatic polyester carbonate consisting essentially of hydroxybenzoic acid unit, hydroquinone unit, and carbonate unit as well as, depending on the circumstances, aromatic carboxylic acid unit, and having an inherent viscosity of at least 0.5. The present invention also provides an industrially advantageous method for producing such linear aromatic polyester carbonate through the process steps of melt-polycondensation, and, if necessary, followed by a further polycondensation in solid phase.Such aromatic polyester carbonate which the present invention provides exhibits excellent melt-forming property and melt anisotropy, hence any shaped article obtained by melt-forming of this aromatic polyester carbonate exhibits superior mechanical properties, in particular, excellent Young's modulus of longitudinal elasticity, and so on, which is highly useful as the material for industrial applications.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyesters, which comprises reacting (A) a difunctional carboxylic acid component containing at least 50 mol% of a naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivative, (B) a diol component containing an aromatic group and at least 50 mol% of a 4,4'-bis-(.omega.-hydroxyalkoxy)diphenylsulfone and (C) an aliphatic or alicyclic diol component, the molar ratio of component (B) to component (A) being 0.05-1, and the molar ratio of the sum of components (B) and (C) to component (A) being 1.1-3.0; and then polymerizing the resulting reaction product in the presence of a catalyst while distilling off the excess of the component (C) out of the reaction system, thereby to form a polymer having a reduced viscosity of at least 0.5.

Abstract: A linear copolyester having a reduced specific viscosity of at least 0.5 is prepared from terephthalic or isophthalic acid, a bisphenol and hydroquinone. The ester unit derived from terephthalic or isophthalic acid and hydroquinone is contained in the copolyester in a proportion of 5 to 35 mole%. The copolyester has superior crack resistance, thermal stability, transparency and chemical resistance.

Abstract: Naphthalate polyester filaments, yarns or fibers consisting essentially of a naphthalate polyester which has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 3.5 and a softening point of at least 200.degree. C, and in which at least 85 mol% of the total recurring units consist of units of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 4 or 6, and having at least one diffraction peak at a Bragg scattering angle 2.theta. = 16.3.degree. -- 16.7.degree. and/or 2.theta. = 25.3.degree. - 25.8.degree. in their X-ray diffraction. These filaments, yarns or fibers are useful especially as an electrically insulating material, an elastomeric reinforcing material, a fluid filter material, a paper-making canvas and a fastener component material.Of these, filaments, yarns or fibers of poly(tetramethylene 2,6-naphthalate) are prepared by melt-spinning the polymer thereby to form undrawn filaments having a birefringence of at lest 0.01 and a density of not more than 1.

Abstract: Polyester granule for melt-shaping which is composed of a difficultly crystallizable copolyester having the minimum time for half-crystallization of at least one minute, and has the surfaces resulting from cutting by a cutter, improvement in thatI. the polyester granule has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.55 (as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35.degree. C.),ii. the polyester granule has in its surface portion an oriented portion having an N-value of at least 0.04, the N-value being calculated by the equation,N =n..multidot..lambda.dandIii. the inside of the polyester granule other than the said surface portion has an N-value of not higher than 0.02.Said polyester granule can be prepared by cutting a copolyester melt-extrudate having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.55 under the conditions as will control the surface temperature t (.degree. C) of the extrudate to satisfy the expressionTg + 30.degree. C. .gtoreq. t > Tg - 15.degree. C.