Abstract: A projector includes an outer housing, a single inner housing housed in the outer housing and including a first container and a second container, the second container housing a functional element, and a loudspeaker housed in the first container and including a frame, and the first container has a wall section extending along the frame.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound of the present invention has excellent characteristics of being able to prepare a PSA type liquid crystal display element with no problem of depositing in a wide temperature range, having high polymerization speed, high liquid crystal alignment regulation force after polymerization, excellent display qualities with no display unevenness, and excellent display characteristics with no defects in display characteristics such as image sticking and is appropriate as a liquid crystal composition in a practical use. Further, the liquid crystal display element with the above-described liquid crystal composition can be appropriately used for a PSA type liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy (??) large in absolute value, a sufficiently low viscosity (?), a sufficiently low rotational viscosity (?1), and a high elastic constant (K33) without decreased refractive index anisotropy (?n) or nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni). A liquid crystal display device, such as a VA mode liquid crystal display device, including the liquid crystal composition has high response speed and good display quality with few or no display defects. The liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal composition is useful as an active-matrix liquid crystal display device and is applicable as a liquid crystal display device such as a VA mode or PSVA mode liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy (??), and a liquid crystal device element including the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition has sufficiently low viscosity (?), sufficiently low rotational viscosity (?1), a large elastic constant (K33), and a negative dielectric anisotropy (??) whose absolute value is large, without reducing the refractive index anisotropy (?n) or the nematic-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni). A VA-mode liquid crystal display element including the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal display element having no or minimal display defects and having excellent display quality and a fast response. The liquid crystal display element including the liquid crystal composition is useful for an active matrix-addressed liquid crystal display element and used for, for example, a VA- or PSVA-mode liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device of a PSA type or the like that uses the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition, having a sufficiently fast response speed, capable of 3D displaying. Uniform and stable orientation control can be obtained at a lower energy cost. Provided are the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition containing one or two or more polymerizable compounds represented by general formula (M) as the first component, and containing one or two or more compounds represented by general formula (Na), general formula (Nb), or general formula (Nc) having a naphthalene unit as the second component. The liquid crystal display device uses the same.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound of the present invention has excellent characteristics of being able to prepare a PSA type liquid crystal display element with no problem of depositing in a wide temperature range, having high polymerization speed, high liquid crystal alignment regulation force after polymerization, excellent display qualities with no display unevenness, and excellent display characteristics with no defects in display characteristics such as image sticking and is appropriate as a liquid crystal composition in a practical use. Further, the liquid crystal display element with the above-described liquid crystal composition can be appropriately used for a PSA type liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display device of an active matrix driving mode which is required to have fast response. The liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy, a large absolute value thereof, and low viscosity. Also, the liquid crystal composition has excellent liquid crystallinity that does not decrease ?n and Tni, and the like, and exhibits a stable liquid crystal phase within a wide temperature range. Further, the liquid crystal composition is chemically stable to heat, light, water, and the like and is thus suitable for use in a liquid crystal display device in which display defects are suppressed in large-size application requiring high reliability. A liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition can be suitably used as a liquid crystal display device of a VA mode or the like.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition according to the invention is used for a liquid crystal display element for an active matrix drive for TV applications or the like for which a high speed and a wide viewing angle are required. The liquid crystal composition has a negative dielectric anisotropy having a large absolute value and also has a sufficiently low viscosity. Therefore, the liquid crystal composition has excellent characteristic properties, that is, a high speed response, good display quality and a suppressed display defect, and is therefore suitable as a practical liquid crystal composition. Further, a liquid crystal display element produced using the liquid crystal composition can be used favorably as a liquid crystal display element of a VA type or the like.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a PSA-mode liquid crystal display device including a polymer produced by polymerizing a polymerizable compound by energy ray irradiation in a state in which a mixture of the polymerizable compound and a liquid crystal composition is held between the first substrate and the second substrate, the polymer having a number-average molecular weight of 50,000 or more in terms of polystyrene. In a PSA-mode display device in which alignment of liquid crystal molecules substantially vertically aligned between the substrates is controlled by applying a voltage, a pre-tilt angle can be properly given without being inhibited. Therefore, the present invention provides a PSA-mode display device with good alignment stability, uniform alignment within the substrates, and no or suppressed display defects and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition having strong alignment regulating force of a liquid crystal compound. The polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition includes: a polymerizable compound; and a liquid crystal compound, in which the polymerizable compound includes at least one polymerizable compound represented by General Formula (I), and in which the liquid crystal compound includes at least one component selected from the group consisting of at least one compound represented by General Formula (II) as a second component, at least one compound represented by General Formulae (IIIa), (IIIb), and (IIIc) as a third component, and at least one compound represented by General Formulae (IVa), (IVb), and (IVc) as a fourth component.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display device of an active matrix driving method, which requires fast response. The liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy and a large absolute value thereof, and low viscosity. The liquid crystal composition is chemically stable to heat, light, water, and the like, and is suitable as a liquid crystal composition capable of low-voltage driving and practicable and having high reliability. A liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition can be preferably used for a liquid crystal display device of a VA mode, a PASV mode, a PSA mode, or the like.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal composition having a sufficiently low viscosity (?), a sufficiently low rotational viscosity (?1), a high elastic constant (K33), and negative ?? with a high absolute value without decreasing the refractive index anisotropy (?n) and the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni); and a liquid crystal display device with a VA mode or the like that uses the liquid crystal composition and has high display quality and high response speed. The liquid crystal display device that uses the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a distinguished feature of high-speed response and is particularly useful as an active matrix driving liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device is applicable to a VA mode, PSVA mode, PSA mode, IPS mode, or ECB mode liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition having a sufficiently low viscosity (?), a sufficiently low rotational viscosity (?1), a high elastic constant (K33), and a negative dielectric anisotropy (??) with a high absolute value without decreasing the refractive index anisotropy (?n) and the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni); and a liquid crystal display device with a VA mode that uses the liquid crystal composition and has high display quality and high response speed. The liquid crystal display device that uses the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a distinguished feature of high-speed response and is particularly useful as an active matrix driving liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device is applicable to a VA mode, PSVA mode, PSA mode, IPS mode, or ECB mode liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: There is provided a positive liquid crystal composition that has a dielectric anisotropy useful as a liquid crystal display material. The liquid crystal composition has a liquid crystal phase in a wide temperature range, a low viscosity, a good solubility at low temperatures, a high resistivity, and a high voltage holding ratio, and is stable to heat and light. Use of this liquid crystal composition can provide a liquid crystal display element that has high displaying quality and is less likely to undergo displaying failures such as burn-in and dropping marks. A liquid crystal display element that employs the liquid crystal composition is useful for an active-matrix-driving liquid crystal display element and can be used for a liquid crystal display element that employs the TN mode, the IPS mode, the FFS mode, or the like.

Abstract: A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition which has a satisfactorily low solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature (Ton), a satisfactorily small viscosity (?), a satisfactorily small rotational viscosity (?1), a large elastic constant (K33), and a negative dielectric anisotropy (??), the absolute value of which is large, without having lowered the refractive index anisotropy (?n) and nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (Tni), and further to provide a liquid crystal display element of a VA mode or the like using the same, which has excellent display quality such that the element is free of or has suppressed a display failure, and which has high response speed.