Abstract: The present invention provides improved driving methods for four particle electrophoretic displays that improves the performance of such displays when they are deployed in low temperature environments and the displays are required to be updated when positioned vertically (i.e., the driving electric fields are substantially perpendicular to the direction of Earth's gravity). Methods are provided for displaying each of the colors at each pixel, as desired, with minimal interference (contamination) from the other particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides four-particle electrophoretic displays with improved driving methods to achieve better color separation between adjacent pixel electrodes. The driving methods improve the color state performance when a first pixel is displaying a mixed state of a first highly-charged particle and a second lower-charged particle of the opposite polarity, while a neighboring pixel is displaying a state of a second highly-charged particle having the opposite polarity to the first highly-charged particle. The particles can be, for example, all reflective or one type of particle can be partially light transmissive.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided and includes a fixed assembly, a movable assembly, a driving assembly and a stopping assembly. The fixed assembly has a main axis. The movable assembly is configured to connect an optical element, and the movable assembly is movable relative to the fixed assembly. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable assembly to move relative to the fixed assembly. The stopping assembly is configured to limit the movement of the movable assembly relative to the fixed assembly within a range of motion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an equipment front end module (EFEM) teaching element. The EFEM teaching element includes a memory element configured to store data describing an initial position of an EFEM robot within an EFEM chamber. A position measurement device is configured to take measurements describing a new position of the EFEM robot within the EFEM chamber that is different than the initial position of the EFEM robot. A controller is configured to determine a set of new movement commands describing a path of the EFEM robot based upon the data describing the initial position of the EFEM robot and the measurements.

Abstract: A vortex flush toilet includes a toilet stool including a toilet bowl and a rim unit, a water tank unit, a first water discharge unit, a pipe unit, an electric switching valve, and a sensor control unit controlling switching of the electric switching valve between a blocked state and a communicated state. The rim unit is formed with first, second, and third flushing ports having decreasing sectional area, and has first, second, and third water-guiding passages respectively in fluid communication with the first, second, and third flushing ports and each having a width decreasing gradually. A bottom surface of each of the first, second, and third water-guiding passages has a height decreasing gradually and forms a respective one of first, second, and third height differences increasing gradually. An inclination angle defined between the bottom surface of each first, second, and third water-guiding passage and a horizontal line gradually increases.

Abstract: An addition system of a reducing agent in a semiconductor manufacturing process includes pre-treatment and post-treatment gas concentration detection devices, a process exhaust gas treatment device, a reducing agent supply device, and an addition system control device. The process exhaust gas treatment device purifies exhaust gas of a semiconductor manufacturing process and emits a post-treatment gas. The reducing agent supply device supplies a reducing agent gas into the process exhaust gas treatment device. The post-treatment gas concentration detection device detects a residual concentration of the reducing agent gas in the post-treatment gas. The addition system control device calculates destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) for process gases according to pre-treatment and post-treatment gas concentrations, and, according to the DRE and the residual concentration, sends a signal to the reducing agent supply device to control the amount of the reducing agent gas added.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a data collection system includes a receiving module configured to receive semi-structured data including first data of a first level and a plurality of second data of a second level, the first data including a plurality of the second data, wherein a plurality of second identification information are respectively set for a plurality of the second data, a database, an information storage module configured to store storage position information indicating storage positions of a plurality of the second identification information in the database, and a registration module configured to write a plurality of the second data to the database based on the storage position information.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device and a display method. The display device includes: a memory for storing at least one pre-stored image; and a controller for: obtaining first and second target images according to the at least one pre-stored image; and controlling a display module, according to a first control instruction, to display the second target image and hide a display of at least one first sub-region in a first region in a frame displayed after switching from the first target image to the second target image. A size of the first target image is different from that of the second target image, and/or a position of the first target image in a display picture is different from that of the second target image. The first region represents a region within an outer contour of the first target image and not overlapping with the second target image.

Abstract: Object of the invention is to provide a new thin film device comprising at least one thin film cell, wherein the thin film cell comprises a first electrode, a photoactive layer and a second electrode, wherein the photoactive layer is arranged between the first and the second electrode, wherein at least one additional conductive line is arranged within an active area of the thin film cell and included in the photoactive layer and electrically interconnected with the first electrode and electrically insulated from the second electrode. Furthermore, the invention provides a method of forming a thin film device comprising at least one thin film cell, wherein the thin film cell comprises a first electrode, a photoactive layer and a second electrode and the photoactive layer is arranged between the first and the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a method for peeling a PSA sheet adhered on a polarizing plate. The PSA sheet has a PSA layer. The PSA layer includes a layer A forming at least one surface of the PSA layer. Of the polarizing plate, the surface to which the PSA sheet is adhered is corona-treated or plasma-treated. The peeling method includes a water-peel step in which the PSA sheet is peeled from the polarizing plate, in a state where an aqueous liquid exits at the interface between the polarizing plate and the PSA sheet at the front line of peeling the PSA sheet from the polarizing plate, with the aqueous liquid allowed to further enter the interface following the movement of the peel front line.

Abstract: An optical probe includes a first region and a second region connected to have a continuous optical waveguide in which a transmission mode is a single mode. The first region connected to a tip-end surface opposed to an optical device includes a region in which a mode field diameter that is maximum at the tip-end surface is gradually decreased toward a boundary between the first region and the second region. The tip-end surface is a curved surface and has a radius of curvature set so that an advancing direction of an optical signal entering through the tip-end surface approximates in parallel to a central-axis direction of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: A measurement method of receiving an emission light output from an optical semiconductor element on an incident end surface of an optical probe, shifts a relative position between the optical semiconductor element and the optical probe on a plane surface intersecting with an optical axis of the emission light, measures an incident intensity of the emission light at several positions, and obtains an incident intensity pattern showing a relationship between a change in the relative position and the respective incident intensities.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion used for connecting an optical element, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly used for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion.

Abstract: An optical transceiver includes a housing, circuit board, first heat source and heat conductive component. The housing includes first and second housing stacked on each other and together form accommodation space. The circuit board is disposed in the accommodation space. The circuit board has first and second surface. The first surface and the second surface face away from each other. The first surface faces the first housing. The second surface faces the second housing. The first heat source is disposed on the second surface of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board. The heat conductive component is disposed on the first surface and thermally coupled to the first housing. Size of projection of the heat conductive component onto the second surface is larger than size of projection of the first heat source onto the second surface.

Abstract: A torsion balance is provided which includes a twisting wire and a reflector. The twisting wire is a suspended carbon nanotube. The reflector is hung on the twisting wire. The reflector further includes a film, a first reflecting layer, and a second reflecting layer; and the film includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first reflecting layer is located on the first surface and the second reflecting layer is located on the second surface.

Abstract: A wafer stack structure includes an interlayer, a first wafer, and a second wafer. The interlayer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The intermediate layer includes a dielectric material layer and a redistribution layer embedded in the dielectric material layer. The first wafer is disposed on the first surface of the interlayer. The second wafer is disposed on the second surface of the interlayer. The second wafer is electrically connected to the first wafer through the redistribution layer of the interlayer.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, a carbon nanotube structure, a source electrode and a drain electrode. The gate insulating layer is located on the gate electrode. The carbon nanotube structure is located on the gate insulating layer. The source electrode and the drain electrode are arranged at intervals and electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure respectively. The thin film transistor further includes an interface charge layer, and the interface charge layer is located between the carbon nanotube structure and the gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A method and system for providing access to a resource. A request for an individual within an organization to access the resource is received. In response to the request having been received, at least one constraint for accessing the resource by the individual is ascertained, based on respective constraints for accessing the resource by one or more other individuals in the organization. The one or more other individuals have a same role in the organization as the individual or have a respective relationship with the individual. The at least one constraint is provided to the individual.

Abstract: A dimming member includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dimming film. The dimming film includes a first substrate, a first conductive layer, a dimming layer, a second conductive layer, and a second substrate that are stacked in sequence. The dimming layer, the first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer cooperatively define an accommodating space. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed in the accommodating space. The first electrode is attached to the first conductive layer at one side of the first conductive layer away from the first substrate and is electrically connected to the first conductive layer. The second electrode is attached to the second conductive layer at one side of the second conductive layer away from the second substrate and is electrically connected to the second conductive layer.

Abstract: Sensor packages and manufacturing methods thereof are disclosed. One of the sensor packages includes a semiconductor chip and a redistribution layer structure. The semiconductor chip has a sensing surface. The redistribution layer structure is arranged to form an antenna transmitter structure aside the semiconductor chip and an antenna receiver structure over the sensing surface of the semiconductor chip.