Abstract: This application provides a packet forwarding method and a related apparatus. The method may include: A first device receives a first packet sent by a second device in a second cycle; and the first device determines a target cycle corresponding to the first packet based on cycle modification information corresponding to the first packet and a cycle mapping relationship, and forwards the first packet in the target cycle corresponding to the first packet.

Abstract: A packet processing method is disclosed. The method includes: A first network device receives a first packet from a network at a first moment, where the first packet is a 1st packet in a first burst of a first data flow, the first burst is one of a plurality of bursts included in the first data flow received by the first network device, the first burst includes one or more packets, and the first network device is a first-hop network device that processes one or more packets included in the first data flow. The first network device determines, based on the first moment, a first target queue from a plurality of queues included in a first queuing system of the first network device.

Abstract: This application provides a traffic shaping method and apparatus. The method includes: A packet marking apparatus receives a first packet; the packet marking apparatus determines an enqueuing queue of the first packet; and the packet marking apparatus marks a queue identifier of the first packet as a queue identifier of the enqueuing queue of the first packet, and then sends the queue identifier of the first packet to a packet output apparatus, where the packet output apparatus is configured to send, based on the queue identifier of the first packet, the first packet to a corresponding queue for outputting. Therefore, packet output time after traffic shaping can be determined.

Abstract: This application provides data packet scheduling methods and apparatuses. One method includes: A first network device receives, at a first moment, a data packet from a second network device in a network, the first network device determines a first reference moment based on the first moment and time information carried in the data packet, the first network device determines, based on the first reference moment, a target queue from a plurality of queues included in a first queue system and adds the data packet to the target queue, and the first network device processes the target queue according to a scheduling rule of the plurality of queues.

Abstract: This application discloses a packet transmission method, an apparatus, a device, and a readable storage medium, and relates to the field of communication technologies. The method applied to a second network device includes: First, a first packet sent by a first network device is received, and then a second packet, a first dwell time period, and a second dwell time period are obtained based on the first packet. Then, a time difference between the second dwell time period and the first dwell time period is determined. Then, a third dwell time period and a fourth dwell time period are determined, to encapsulate the third dwell time period, the fourth dwell time period, and the second packet to obtain a third packet.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a method for sending a data packet. The method includes: A second network device may determine a remaining processing time of a data packet on a first network device based on a predefined first delay. When the remaining processing time is greater than 0, a moment at which the data packet enters a queue on the second network device serves as a start moment, and after a period of time, the remaining processing time ends at a second reference moment corresponding to the data packet. The remaining processing time is consumed on the second network device.

Abstract: A data processing method, a packet sending method, and an apparatus. The data processing method includes: a first device obtains a first periodicity parameter and a second periodicity parameter, where the first periodicity parameter is determined based on duration of transmitting a packet from a first network device to a second network device along a first path, and the second periodicity parameter is determined based on duration of transmitting a packet from the first network device to the second network device along a second path; and the first device determines a third periodicity parameter based on the first periodicity parameter and the second periodicity parameter, where the third periodicity parameter reflects a quantity of periodicities between a periodicity in which the first network device sends a data packet and a periodicity in which the second network device forwards the data packet.

Abstract: This application provides an address processing method and a network device. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network device, an address; determining, by the first network device, a length of a valid address of the address, where the valid address of the address is a 1st bit, whose bit value is 1, of the address to a last bit of the address; and adding, by the first network device when the length of the valid address of the address is less than a table width of a target table, S zeros before the valid address of the address to obtain an adjusted address, and processing the adjusted address based on the adjusted address and the target table, where S is a difference between the table width of the target table and the length of the valid address of the address.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a packet transmission method, and a communications apparatus and system. The method includes: generating a packet based on address information of forwarding nodes on a packet forwarding path, where the packet includes a first indication field, the first indication field is used to indicate a compressed first element and a compressed second element, the first element and the second element are address information of different forwarding nodes, and different address compression manners are used for the first element and the second element; and sending the packet.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide an information verification method, apparatus, and device. The method includes: sending a first message to a server that includes a target domain name and first indication information, which indicates a status of first verification information stored in a client, the first verification information is verification information generated based on multiple domain names and owner information of the multiple domain names, the first verification information verifies the owner information of the multiple domain names, and the multiple domain names include a target domain name; receiving a second message sent by the server based on the first message, where the second message indicates target first verification information, which is used by the client to verify owner information of the target domain name; and verifying the obtained owner information of the target domain name based on the second message.

Abstract: A communication method and a communications device, so that both a location and a length of information carried in a data packet header are flexible and variable, the length does not need to be fixed, and the location does not need to be specified. Compared with a conventional protocol, the communication method has stronger flexibility and higher scalability. The method includes: obtaining, by a first device, a data packet, where the data packet includes a first packet header, the first packet header includes first indication information and a value of first packet header information, the first indication information is used to indicate a location of the value of the first packet header information, and the first packet header information is device identification information; and processing, by the first device, the data packet.

Abstract: This application provides a packet sending method, applied to a communications system including at least two nodes, the at least two nodes include at least one parent node having a child node, a packet sent by the child node is forwarded by the parent node, and the method includes: receiving, by a first node, first instruction information, where the first instruction information is used to instruct the first node to send a packet after a first moment, and the first node is a parent node; and sending, by the first node, a first packet according to the first instruction information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method, including: receiving, by a first node, a first packet, where the first packet carries a first bit string, the first bit string includes M bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether one or more target nodes of the first packet include the corresponding node group; and determining, by the first node based on the first bit string and a second bit string, whether to send the first packet to a second node, where the second bit string includes N bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether a node belonging to the corresponding node group exists in one or more related nodes of the first node.

Abstract: This application provides an address processing method and a network device. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network device, an address; determining, by the first network device, a length of a valid address of the address, where the valid address of the address is a 1st bit, whose bit value is 1, of the address to a last bit of the address; and adding, by the first network device when the length of the valid address of the address is less than a table width of a target table, S zeros before the valid address of the address to obtain an adjusted address, and processing the adjusted address based on the adjusted address and the target table, where S is a difference between the table width of the target table and the length of the valid address of the address.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a packet transmission method, and a communications apparatus and system. The method includes: generating a packet based on address information of forwarding nodes on a packet forwarding path, where the packet includes a first indication field, the first indication field is used to indicate a compressed first element and a compressed second element, the first element and the second element are address information of different forwarding nodes, and different address compression manners are used for the first element and the second element; and sending the packet.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a method and an apparatus for establishing a blockchain node connection, and a device. The method is applied to a blockchain system, and includes: A first node obtains address information of a second node from a first router. The first router and the first node are located in a first autonomous system. The second node is located in a second autonomous system. The first autonomous system and the second autonomous system are neighboring autonomous systems. The first node establishes a connection to the second node based on the address information of the second node. This improves blockchain communication security.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communications device, so that both a location and a length of information carried in a data packet header are flexible and variable, the length does not need to be fixed, and the location does not need to be specified. Compared with a conventional protocol, the communication method has stronger flexibility and higher scalability. The method includes: obtaining, by a first device, a data packet, where the data packet includes a first packet header, the first packet header includes first indication information and a value of first packet header information, the first indication information is used to indicate a location of the value of the first packet header information, and the first packet header information is device identification information; and processing, by the first device, the data packet.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method, including: receiving, by a first node, a first packet, where the first packet carries a first bit string, the first bit string includes M bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether one or more target nodes of the first packet include the corresponding node group; and determining, by the first node based on the first bit string and a second bit string, whether to send the first packet to a second node, where the second bit string includes N bit sets, each bit set corresponds to one node group, a value of the bit set is used to indicate whether a node belonging to the corresponding node group exists in one or more related nodes of the first node.

Abstract: This application provides a packet sending method, applied to a communications system including at least two nodes, the at least two nodes include at least one parent node having a child node, a packet sent by the child node is forwarded by the parent node, and the method includes: receiving, by a first node, first instruction information, where the first instruction information is used to instruct the first node to send a packet after a first moment, and the first node is a parent node; and sending, by the first node, a first packet according to the first instruction information.