Abstract: Processes for characterizing reservoir formation parameters such as water salinity and water saturation. In some embodiments, the process can include directing a heat impulse into a formation sample that can include a matrix component and a fluid component at an input location. The heat impulse can be allowed to pass through the formation sample such that a matrix impulse forms through the matrix component and a fluid impulse forms through the fluid component. The matrix and fluid impulses can convolve at a measurement location to provide a convolved impulse. A derivative analysis of the convolved impulse can be performed to derive thermal transient measurements. A fluid thermal model can be developed using the thermal transient measurements. The fluid thermal model can be integrated with one or more downhole logs and/or input parameters to create an integrated model. One or more reservoir parameters can be determined from the integrated model.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for characterizing connate water salinity and resistivity of a subsurface formation. Well log data including resistivity and spontaneous potential (SP) log data are measured by at least one downhole tool disposed within a borehole. The resistivity and SP log data are inverted to determine a resistivity model and an SP model, which are used to determine connate water resistivity. The connate water resistivity is used to determine connate water salinity. The connate water salinity derived from the inversion of resistivity log data and SP log data (or derived from a trained ML system supplied with such log data) can be used as a baseline measure of connate water salinity, and this baseline measure can be evaluated together with the connate water salinity estimates derived from pulsed neutron tool measurements over time-lapsed periods of production to monitor variation in connate water salinity due to production.

Abstract: A method for constructing a high fidelity logging while drilling (LWD) log that includes obtaining a temporal well depth log and a plurality of temporal LWD logs from a drilling operation. The method further includes obtaining a temporal record of operational drilling parameters from the drilling operation. The method further includes determining, using a first machine-learning model, a temporal history of the drilling operation and constructing, using the temporal well depth log and the plurality of temporal LWD logs, a plurality of temporal property logs at each depth in the plurality of depths. The method further includes processing the plurality of temporal property logs with, at least, a second machine-learning model to form a plurality of corrected temporal property logs and aggregating the plurality of corrected temporal property logs to form a plurality of high fidelity LWD logs.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for characterizing connate water salinity and resistivity of a subsurface formation. Well log data including resistivity and spontaneous potential (SP) log data are measured by at least one downhole tool disposed within a borehole. The resistivity and SP log data are inverted to determine a resistivity model and an SP model, which are used to determine connate water resistivity. The connate water resistivity is used to determine connate water salinity. The connate water salinity derived from the inversion of resistivity log data and SP log data (or derived from a trained ML system supplied with such log data) can be used as a baseline measure of connate water salinity, and this baseline measure can be evaluated together with the connate water salinity estimates derived from pulsed neutron tool measurements over time-lapsed periods of production to monitor variation in connate water salinity due to production.

Abstract: A method for obtaining geological heterogeneity trends of a geological formation, including the steps: drilling wells (w1, w2, w3, w4, w5) that penetrate the formation, acquiring well logs (log 1, log 2) for each well (w1, w2, w3, w4, w5) as function of depth inter Vals (Dk) of the respective well, determining a third degree tensor (Tk, m, n), where a z-dimension denotes the depths, a x-dimension denotes the well logs, and a y-dimension denotes the wells, extracting matrices (L1k,m, L2k,m, . . . , LMk,n) from the tensor (Tk, m, n), clustering the matrices (L1k,n, L2k,n, . . . , LMk,n) based on the characteristics of the corresponding well logs (log 1, log 2) to a clustering result matrix, aggregating the clustering result matrix to a cluster ensemble (?1, ?2, . . . , ?M), and spatial partitioning the cluster ensemble (?1, ?2, . . . , ?M) to a map that shows the geological heterogeneity trends associated with cluster types of the wells (w1, w2, w3, w4, w5).

Abstract: A system for analysis of isolated and connected porosities of a porous formation using permittivity is disclosed. An electrical subsystem can provide electrical signals for one or more of the porous formation or a representation of the porous formation; and the system can determine one or more of a rate of permittivity change (RPC) or permittivity ratio (PR) from a first estimation model that relates permittivity measurements and frequencies that are associated with the electrical signals, so that the system can generate a second estimation model using one or more of the RPC or the PR, associated with the isolated and connected porosities, where the second estimation model can be used with a total porosity of the porous formation to estimate or predict an isolated porosity and a connected porosity of a production porous formation.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a downhole fluid includes performing measurements of a dielectric property of the downhole fluid, the downhole fluid including a mixture of a filtrate fluid circulated through a borehole and a connate fluid. The measurements include a first measurement of the downhole fluid, and one or more additional measurements, each additional measurement performed after an amount of the filtrate fluid is injected into the downhole fluid to change the volume ratio, each additional measurement performed when the downhole fluid has a different volume ratio. The method also includes acquiring a plurality of reference profiles of respective reference mixtures, the respective reference mixtures including a first fluid and a reference fluid, comparing the measurements to each reference profile, and estimating a value of the dielectric property of the connate fluid based on the comparing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a guided extend reach tractor are disclosed. The method includes installing a packer and a tractor string operatively connected to the packer in a borehole; lowering the guided extend reach tractor into the borehole; supplying power, via a power source, to the guided extend reach tractor; attaching the guided extend reach tractor to the tractor string using an electromagnet; and clamping the guided extend reach tractor onto the tractor string. The method further includes activating helical bars to propel the guided extend reach tractor forward or backward in the borehole; performing well intervention operations in the borehole; and extracting the guided extend reach tractor from the borehole.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a subterranean formation is provided that involves obtaining resistivity log data measured by a logging-while-drilling electromagnetic tool operated while drilling a wellbore that traverses the subterranean formation, and calculating at least one of a first data value representing water saturation of the subterranean formation and a second data value representing cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the subterranean formation from the resistivity log data. In embodiments, the method can further involve storing at least one of the first data value and the second data value in computer memory, and/or outputting at least one of the first data value and the second data value as part of a log for well placement, formation evaluation. geological modeling, or reservoir management. The first data value and/or the second data value can also be used for geo-steering the drilling of the wellbore.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a guided extend reach tractor are disclosed. The method includes installing a packer and a tractor string operatively connected to the packer in a borehole; lowering the guided extend reach tractor into the borehole; supplying power, via a power source, to the guided extend reach tractor; attaching the guided extend reach tractor to the tractor string using an electromagnet; and clamping the guided extend reach tractor onto the tractor string. The method further includes activating helical bars to propel the guided extend reach tractor forward or backward in the borehole; performing well intervention operations in the borehole; and extracting the guided extend reach tractor from the borehole.

Abstract: A method may include acquiring NMR data and sonic data for a borehole in a subsurface geologic region; inverting the NMR data and the sonic data to determine volume fractions for a number of classes of pore types, where the classes include shape and size-based classes; and characterizing the subsurface geologic region based on the volume fractions for the number of classes.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for clay detection, clay typing, and clay volume quantification using downhole electromagnetic measurements conducted by a downhole logging tool on a formation at a low frequency less than 5000 Hz. The downhole electromagnetic measurements are used to determine permittivity data that characterizes permittivity of the formation at the low frequency less than 5000 Hz. The downhole low frequency electromagnetic measurements are nondestructive, and the results indicate it is with high sensitivity to the existence of clays.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided that determine or estimate total clay volume fraction in a formation for well log data of the formation using machine learning are described. Methods and systems are also provided that employ computation models to determine amounts or concentrations of at least one clay mineral in the formation from total clay volume fraction of the formation.

Abstract: A method for estimating resistivity and dielectric constant values of a multi-layer subterranean formation acquiring electromagnetic propagation measurements of the subterranean formation and processing the measurements via inversion to compute the resistivity and dielectric constant values. A one-dimensional formation model is utilized including a plurality of formation layers in which each of the formation layers includes a resistivity value and a dielectric constant value.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and systems for identifying formations that are clay-free or with minimal amount of clays, which have high hydrocarbon potential, by using both low frequency permittivity measurements (e.g., low-frequency permittivity measurements) and natural gamma ray flux measurements.

Abstract: A method of estimating a wettability characteristic of a rock and fluid system includes acquiring a sample of the rock material, performing a first nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement of the sample when the sample is in a full water saturation condition, and measuring a first T2 distribution, performing a second NMR measurement of the sample when the sample is in a second partial saturation condition, and measuring a second T2 distribution. The method also includes separating a hydrocarbon component of the second T2 distribution from a water component of the second T2 distribution, applying a fluid substitution model to the water component of the second T2 distribution to generate a computed T2 distribution, and calculating a wettability index (WI) based on a difference between the first T2 distribution and the computed T2 distribution.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for characterizing formation water salinity of subsurface formation using multifrequency permittivity data over a range of frequencies below 1 MHz. The multifrequency permittivity data is processed to determine salinity of formation water contained in the subsurface formation. Other useful formation properties (such as formation water saturation) can be determined based on the formation water salinity.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided that employ a combination of dielectric dispersion measurement(s) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurement(s) to determine data that characterizes tortuosity of rock and data that characterizes tortuosity of fluid phases in the rock independently from one another.

Abstract: Method and systems are provided that characterize a geological formation, which involve collecting or obtaining electrical signal data that results from interaction of electrical signals with the formation. The electrical signal data is processed to determine data characterizing relative permittivity and conductivity of the formation. The data characterizing relative permittivity and conductivity of the formation are used as inputs to models to determine data characterizing water saturation of the formation, particularly useful in formation evaluation and reservoir saturation dynamic monitoring in fresh water and mixed salinity environments.

Abstract: A system for analysis of isolated and connected porosities of a porous formation using permittivity is disclosed. An electrical subsystem can provide electrical signals for one or more of the porous formation or a representation of the porous formation; and the system can determine one or more of a rate of permittivity change (RPC) or permittivity ratio (PR) from a first estimation model that relates permittivity measurements and frequencies that are associated with the electrical signals, so that the system can generate a second estimation model using one or more of the RPC or the PR, associated with the isolated and connected porosities, where the second estimation model can be used with a total porosity of the porous formation to estimate or predict an isolated porosity and a connected porosity of a production porous formation.