Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for generating and utilizing improved initialization vectors (IVs) when performing encryption and authentication in wireless communications. In some scenarios, a wireless communication device may generate one or more pseudorandom multi-bit values, e.g., using a respective plurality of key derivation functions (KDFs). A first portion of each value may be used as a respective key for encryption or authentication of traffic on the user plane or the control plane. A second portion of each value may be used as a nonce value in a respective IV for use with a respective key for encryption or authentication of traffic on the user plane or the control plane. In some scenarios, the nonce values may instead be generated as part of an additional pseudorandom value (e.g., by executing an additional KDF), from which all of the IVs may be drawn.

Abstract: Techniques for identity-based message integrity protection and verification between a user equipment (UE) and a wireless network entity, include use of signatures derived from identity-based keys. To protect against attacks from rogue network entities before activation of a security context with a network entity, the UE verifies integrity of messages by checking a signature using an identity-based public key PKID derived by the UE based on (i) an identity value (ID) of the network entity and (ii) a separate public key PKPKG of a private key generator (PKG) server. The network entity generates signatures for messages using an identity-based private key SKID obtained from the PKG server, which generates the identity-based private key SKID using (i) the ID value of the network entity and (ii) a private key SKPKG that is known only by the PKG server and corresponds to the public key PKPKG.

Abstract: A lock pin is arranged so as to be projected from a side wall of a concave region, in which a fuel filler port of a vehicle is arranged, toward the inside of the concave region. In addition, a retainer placed around the lock pin on an inner side of the side wall of the concave region and a protector supported by the retainer so as to be placed in a region close to the lock pin are provided. The protector has a detent pin to prevent the retainer from rotating relative to the lock pin.

Abstract: A method of determining a physical characteristic of an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element using structured light is provided. The method includes the steps of: (1) applying a structured light pattern to an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element; (2) creating an image of the structured light pattern using a camera; and (3) analyzing the image of the structured light pattern to determine a physical characteristic of the adhesive material. Additional methods and systems for determining physical characteristics of semiconductor devices and elements using structured light are also provided.

Abstract: A method of determining a physical characteristic of an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element using structured light is provided. The method includes the steps of: (1) applying a structured light pattern to an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element; (2) creating an image of the structured light pattern using a camera; and (3) analyzing the image of the structured light pattern to determine a physical characteristic of the adhesive material. Additional methods and systems for determining physical characteristics of semiconductor devices and elements using structured light are also provided.

Abstract: A method of determining a physical characteristic of an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element using structured light is provided. The method includes the steps of: (1) applying a structured light pattern to an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element; (2) creating an image of the structured light pattern using a camera; and (3) analyzing the image of the structured light pattern to determine a physical characteristic of the adhesive material. Additional methods and systems for determining physical characteristics of semiconductor devices and elements using structured light are also provided.

Abstract: A method of determining a physical characteristic of an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element using structured light is provided. The method includes the steps of: (1) applying a structured light pattern to an adhesive material on a semiconductor device element; (2) creating an image of the structured light pattern using a camera; and (3) analyzing the image of the structured light pattern to determine a physical characteristic of the adhesive material. Additional methods and systems for determining physical characteristics of semiconductor devices and elements using structured light are also provided.

Abstract: A projector (20) projects a structured light pattern (46) along a first optical axis (44) onto a surface (80). A viewer (50) attached to the projector (20) receives a reflection of the structured light pattern (46) from the surface (80) along a second optical axis (54), and digitizes a two-dimensional snapshot. The optical axes (44, 54) are non-parallel, and they meet within a common field of view of the projector (20) and the viewer (50). A computer (61) interfaced to the viewer (50) receives the digitized snapshot, and analyzes it to mathematically model the surface for display and inspection. The projector and attached viewer are designed as a hand-held unit with a hand grip (66) and a trigger button (68) to trigger a snapshot. A guide tip (70) on the unit extends beside the two optical axes (44, 54) to the common field of view to position the hand-held unit.

Abstract: A phase shifting imaging module in a handheld imager is provided. The phase shifting imaging module includes a first beam splitter configured to split an image radiation beam into first and second image radiation beams. It also includes a first prism configured to align the first and second image radiation beams, and a second beam splitter configured to split the first and second image radiation beams into four image radiation beams. A second prism aligns the four image radiation beams. A phase mask introduces phase retardation between the four image radiation beams, resulting in four phase shifted image radiation beams. A pixilated sensor generates image data based upon each of the four phase shifted image radiation beams.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise devices, systems and methods associated with making and/or using a fabric. The fabric can comprise a hydrophobic coating. The fabric can comprise a microporous sub-layer. Certain exemplary embodiments comprise fuel cells and/or fuel cell structures adapted to utilize the fabric for one or more gas permeable electrically conductive layers.

Abstract: To provide a polycarboxylic acid resin which is obtained by reacting an epoxy resin (a) having two glycidyl groups with, e.g. itaconic acid (b) and ethylenic monocarboxylic acid (c) to obtain linear adduct polymer (A); and by reacting linear adduct polymer (A) with polybasic acid anhydride (d). According to the present invention, there are provided a polycarboxylic acid resin, its composition, and its cured product. The composition can facilely be dried upon preliminary heating and show an improved tack-free property, an excellent photo-curing property, an excellent development property in an aqueous alkali solution, and excellent physical properties such as electrical, mechanical, heat resistance, solvent resistance, adhesiveness, flexibility, etc.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise devices, systems and methods associated with making and/or using a fabric. The fabric can comprise a hydrophobic coating. The fabric can comprise a microporous sub-layer. Certain exemplary embodiments comprise fuel cells and/or fuel cell structures adapted to utilize the fabric for one or more gas permeable electrically conductive layers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method comprising capturing an image of a grating formed on a surface of a brightness enhancing display film; measuring a displacement ?d of a fringe from the image of the grating; and determining a slope of a deviation from flatness of the brightness enhancing display film from the displacement ?d by using the equation (I) ? ? ? d ? ( y , ? 2 ) = 2 ? y ? ? sin ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - 2 ? ? 2 ) [ tan ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - ? 2 - 90 ) tan ? ( 90 - ? 2 ) + tan ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - ? 2 - 90 ) ] ( I ) wherein y represents a distance along the brightness enhancing display film that represents a location of the deviation from flatness; ?1 is a light box angle; ?2 is the slope of the deviation from flatness in the brightness enhancing display film; and ?3 is a camera angle.

Abstract: A phase shifting imaging module in a handheld imager is provided. The phase shifting imaging module includes a first beam splitter configured to split an image radiation beam into first and second image radiation beams. It also includes a first prism configured to align the first and second image radiation beams, and a second beam splitter configured to split the first and second image radiation beams into four image radiation beams. A second prism aligns the four image radiation beams. A phase mask introduces phase retardation between the four image radiation beams, resulting in four phase shifted image radiation beams. A pixilated sensor generates image data based upon each of the four phase shifted image radiation beams.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method comprising capturing an image of a grating formed on a surface of a brightness enhancing display film; measuring a displacement ?d of a fringe from the image of the grating; and determining a slope of a deviation from flatness of the brightness enhancing display film from the displacement ?d by using the equation (I) ? ? ? ? d ? ( y , ? 2 ) = 2 ? y ? ? ? sin ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - 2 ? ? 2 ) [ tan ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - ? 2 - 90 ) tan ? ( 90 - ? 2 ) + tan ? ( ? 1 + ? 3 - ? 2 - 90 ) ] ( I ) wherein y represents a distance along the brightness enhancing display film that represents a location of the deviation from flatness; ?1 is a light box angle; ?2 is the slope of the deviation from flatness in the brightness enhancing display film; and ?3 is a camera angle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a class of novel Brønsted acidic ionic liquids each having a lactam cation, and to a method for preparing the same through simple neutralization reaction of a lactam, which is available in large scale from industry, with a Brønsted inorganic or organic acid under room temperature. The properties of the lactam Brønsted acidic ionic liquids are as follows: they are water- and moisture-stable; they are more environmentally benign and lower cost than that of dialkylimidazolium salts; they have stronger Brønsted acidity and can be used as acidic catalysts and media instead of inorganic corrosive acids, such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, in many acid-catalyzed reactions; and they can also be used as green media for extraction and separation.

Abstract: A projector (20) projects a structured light pattern (46) along a first optical axis (44) onto a surface (80). A viewer (50) attached to the projector (20) receives a reflection of the structured light pattern (46) from the surface (80) along a second optical axis (54), and digitizes a two-dimensional snapshot. The optical axes (44, 54) are non-parallel, and they meet within a common field of view of the projector (20) and the viewer (50). A computer (61) interfaced to the viewer (50) receives the digitized snapshot, and analyzes it to mathematically model the surface for display and inspection. The projector and attached viewer are designed as a hand-held unit with a hand grip (66) and a trigger button (68) to trigger a snapshot. A guide tip (70) on the unit extends beside the two optical axes (44, 54) to the common field of view to position the hand-held unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a class of novel Brønsted acidic ionic liquids each having a lactam cation, and to a method for preparing the same through simple neutralization reaction of a lactam, which is available in large scale from industry, with a Brønsted inorganic or organic acid under room temperature. The properties of the lactam Brønsted acidic ionic liquids are as follows: they are water- and moisture-stable; they are more environmentally benign and lower cost than that of dialkylimidazolium salts; they have stronger Brønsted acidity and can be used as acidic catalysts and media instead of inorganic corrosive acids, such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, in many acid-catalyzed reactions; and they can also be used as green media for extraction and separation.

Abstract: To provide a polycarboxylic acid resin which is obtained by reacting an epoxy resin (a) having two glycidyl groups with, e.g. itaconic acid (b) and ethylenic monocarboxylic acid (c) to obtain linear adduct polymer (A); and by reacting linear adduct polymer (A) with polybasic acid anhydride (d). According to the present invention, there are provided a polycarboxylic acid resin, its composition, and its cured product. The composition can facilely be dried upon preliminary heating and show an improved tack-free property, an excellent photo-curing property, an excellent development property in an aqueous alkali solution, and excellent physical properties such as electrical, mechanical, heat resistance, solvent resistance, adhesiveness, flexibility, etc.

Abstract: An optical device comprised of multiple substrates with complimentary functions. The substrates are joined by structures that are integrated into the substrate surfaces. The joining structures are alternatively used to provide a spacer between the optical surface and other system components.