Abstract: An optical system affixed to an electronic apparatus is provided, including a first optical module, a second optical module, and a third optical module. The first optical module is configured to adjust the moving direction of a first light from a first moving direction to a second moving direction, wherein the first moving direction is not parallel to the second moving direction. The second optical module is configured to receive the first light moving in the second moving direction. The first light reaches the third optical module via the first optical module and the second optical module in sequence. The third optical module includes a first photoelectric converter configured to transform the first light into a first image signal.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism includes a movable assembly, a fixed assembly, and a driving assembly. The movable assembly is configured to be connected to an optical element. The movable assembly is movable relative to the fixed assembly. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable assembly to move relative to the fixed assembly in a range of motion. The optical element driving mechanism further includes a positioning assembly configured to position the movable assembly at a predetermined position relative to the fixed assembly when the driving assembly is not operating.

Abstract: The composition includes a cyclic, unsaturated compound, preferably a polyphenol derivative. It reduces the synthesis of melanin by inhibiting the activity and expression levels of tyrosinase and related proteins, thereby preventing and limiting the content and distribution of melanin in mammalian skin. It also induces autophagy of melanosome, thereby restricting the synthesis, storage and transfer of melanin from melanocyte to keratinocyte. The dual modes of action allow for the efficacy of the composition at low dosage without causing toxicity to lighten skin and treat disorders associated with hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: The composition includes a cyclic, unsaturated compound, preferably a polyphenol derivative. It reduces the synthesis of melanin by inhibiting the activity and expression levels of tyrosinase and related proteins, thereby preventing and limiting the content and distribution of melanin in mammalian skin. It also induces autophagy of melanosome, thereby restricting the synthesis, storage and transfer of melanin from melanocyte to keratinocyte. The dual modes of action allow for the efficacy of the composition at low dosage without causing toxicity to lighten skin and treat disorders associated with hyperpigmentation.