Abstract: Through exploration of the characteristics of a crop canopy structure and the variation laws in the crop development processes, a three-dimensional crop canopy structure model and a dynamic maize growth simulation are established by fusing the three-dimensional crop canopy structure model. The model describes the crop growth and development stages by adopting growing degree-days, carries out dynamic simulation on a two-dimensional maize canopy structure by adopting a Logistic equation, and characterizes veins, leaf margin and the like by adopting a spatial topological structure. On this basis, a dynamic simulation method for a three-dimensional spatial crop canopy structure is finally established, the coupling simulation of multiple hydrothermal carbonization processes in a complex farmland ecosystem is realized, and thus the simulation capability and universality of the crop model are effectively improved.