Abstract: An intermediate layer (161) is formed between a catalyst layer (112) and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane (114). The intermediate layer (161) contains a protonic acid group-containing aromatic polyether ketone and catalyst particles.

Abstract: An aliphatic polyester stretched film which has excellent flexibility and heat resistance and manifests no bleeding of a plasticizer, an aliphatic polyester composition which is a raw material of the stretched film, and a package using the stretched film. The film can be prepared from an aliphatic polyester composition comprising 10 to 60 parts by weight of at least one compound selected from (A) a compound represented by the general formula: R1OCH2CH(OR2)CH2OR3 (wherein, at least one of R1, R2 and R3 represents an acyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and remaining groups represent a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group.) and (B) a compound which is a reaction product of a condensate of 1 to 10 glycerin units with a carboxylic acid having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, based on 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic polyester. The aliphatic polyester stretched film can have a crystallinity of 20 to 60% which is obtained by molding the composition, and the film can be formed into a package obtained.

Abstract: The photocationic-curable resin composition of the invention comprises (A) a cationic-polymerizable compound, (B) a photocationic initiator and (C) an aromatic ether compound or an aliphatic thioether compound. The photocationic-curable resin composition has excellent conversion (curability) at low temperatures, and its cured product exhibits excellent adhesive strength and moisture permeation resistance. According to the sealing material comprising the composition, a liquid crystal display or an electroluminescent display having excellent adhesive strength and moisture permeation resistance can be provided with high productivity.

Abstract: An aliphatic polyester composition for a masterbatch which is improved in dispersibility of a filler, anti-blocking property, transparency, molding stability and slipperiness and which is suited for production of an aliphatic polyester film, and a method for producing an aliphatic polyester film using said composition. An aliphatic polyester composition for a masterbatch comprising 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic polyester and 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of an anti-blocking agent and a method for producing an aliphatic polyester film using said composition are provided.

Abstract: A membrane formed by coating an aqueous coating liquid comprising an antistatic agent or anticlouding agent on one or both surfaces of an aliphatic polyester film comprising a specific amount of a lubricant or an antiblocking agent, can remarkably improve adhesion of the membrane (antistatic layer or anticlouding layer) to the aliphatic polyester film, and thus the effect of the membrane (antistatic effect or anticlouding effect) can be continuously exhibited for a long period.

Abstract: A lactic acid polymer composition comprising formulating 100 parts by weight of a mixture consisting of 80-95% by weight of an L-lactic acid polymer having an L-lactic acid proportion of 75% or more and 5-20% by weight of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of a polyhydric alcohol ester and a hydroxypolycarboxylic acid ester, 0.1-5 parts by weight of an anti-blocking agent having a SiO.sub.2 content of 90% or more and an average particle size of 7-50 nm, and 0.1-2 parts by weight of a slip agent; a molded product and film obtained from the composition; and a preparation process of the same are disclosed. The molded product and film are excellent in processability, transparency, flexibility, anti-blocking property and slip, and can be degraded into harmless water and carbon dioxide under natural environment, when abandoned.

Abstract: A method for controlling plant growth by exposing plants to light passing through a covering material comprising a base material containing a colorant. The type and content of the colorant are chosen to provide a photosynthetically effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of 50% or greater when light is passed through the covering material, and an A value suitable for the purpose of promoting or retarding the growth of plants irradiated with light transmitted by the covering material, the A value being defined by the following equation:A=R/Frwhere R is the photon flux of red light in the wavelength range of 600 to 700 nm and Fr is the photon flux of far red light in the wavelength range of 700 to 800 nm.

Abstract: A membrane formed by coating an aqueous coating liquid comprising an antistatic agent or anticlouding agent on one or both surfaces of an aliphatic polyester film comprising a specific amount of a lubricant or an antiblocking agent, can remarkably improve adhesion of the membrane (antistatic layer or anticlouding layer) to the aliphatic polyester film, and thus the effect of the membrane (antistatic effect or anticlouding effect) can be continuously exhibited for a long period.

Abstract: The stretched film of the lactic acid-based polymer of the invention can degrade under natural environment, and additionally has an excellent mechanical strength and durability. By use of a lubricant in combination with an inorganic filler, these properties are further improved and thickness accuracy is enhanced. Consequently, the stretched film of the lactic acid-based polymer of the invention can be widely applied to a prepaid card and other various film materials, lamination materials and packaging materials. Even though abandoned after use in the natural environment, the stretched film relatively quickly decomposes into carbon dioxide and water and does not accumulate as waste.

Abstract: A lactic acid polymer composition comprising formulating 100 parts by weight of a mixture consisting of 80-95% by weight of an L-lactic acid polymer having an L-lactic acid proportion of 75% or more and 5-20% by weight of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of a polyhydric alcohol ester and a hydroxypolycarboxylic acid ester, 0.1-5 parts by weight of an anti-bloking agent having a SiO.sub.2 content of 90% or more and an average particle size of 7-50 nm, and 0.1-2 parts by weight of a slip agent; a molded product and film obtained from the composition; and a preparation process of the same are disclosed. The molded product and film are excellent in processability, transparency, flexibility, anti-blocking property and slip, and can be degraded into harmless water and carbon dioxide under natural environment, when abandoned.

Abstract: There is provided thermosetting resin compositions suitable for injection molding compounds having an apparent curing rate of 0.7 and 0.008 cm/sec respectively at 170.degree. C. and 110.degree. C. by a disk cure tester and an apparent activation energy of at least 26 Kcal/mol, by the addition of fluidity modifiers selected from ether compounds having methylene ether type structure, ester compounds having methylene groups connected with carbonyl ether groups and alcohol compounds having methylene groups connected with hydroxyl groups, to phenolic resin, hexamethylenetetramine, fillers and additives.

Abstract: A copolymer consisting of 30 to 65 mole % of structural units of the formula ##STR1## 1 to 55 mole % of structural units of the formula ##STR2## and 10 to 60 mole % of structural units of the formula ##STR3## and having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 200,000.

Abstract: Phenolic resin compositions comprising a polymeric substance having a phenolic OH group such as phenol resins, and a rubber having an epoxy group and an epoxy equivalent of 500 to 30,000 such as butadiene copolymers, acrylic copolymers, chloroprene copolymers and urethane copolymers are provided. These resin compositions exhibit improved properties having overcome the drawback of brittle properties intrinsic of conventional phenolic resins, and also exhibit cold resistance; hence they are used as molding materials, laminating materials, casting materials, binders, etc. Further, molding resin compositions having improved solvent-resistance and metal insert properties are provided.

Abstract: Phenolic resin compositions comprising a polymeric substance having a phenolic OH group such as phenol resins, and a rubber having an epoxy group and an epoxy equivalent of 500 to 30,000 such as butadiene copolymers, acrylic copolymers, chloroprene copolymers and urethane copolymers are provided. These resin compositions exhibit improved properties having overcome the drawback of brittle properties intrinsic of conventional phenolic resins, and also exhibit cold resistance; hence they are used as molding materials, laminating materials, casting materials, binders, etc. Further, molding resin compositions having improved solvent-resistance and metal insert properties are provided.