Abstract: An outboard motor that significantly reduces or prevents discoloration around an exhaust opening includes an engine, a drive shaft, a propeller shaft, a housing, an exhaust passage, a water intake passage, and a valve. The exhaust passage guides an exhaust gas from the engine toward the discharge chamber inside the housing. The water intake passage guides water, which enters an inside of the housing, to the discharge chamber when a forward propulsive force is generated. The valve regulates passage of the exhaust gas at the first opening due to water pressure when a forward propulsive force is generated. The valve permits the passage of exhaust gas at the first opening due to exhaust pressure when a backward propulsive force is generated.

Abstract: The secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode includes an anode current collector and an anode active material layer that includes an anode active material, and is provided on the anode current collector, a surface of the anode active material being covered with one or more coatings containing one or both of polyvinylidene fluoride and a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer. The electrolyte layer includes an electrolytic solution, a polymer compound, and a plurality of inorganic particles. The polymer compound includes a copolymer including vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, and a ratio W2/W1 of a weight W2 of the electrolytic solution to a weight W1 of the polymer compound is from 2.5 to 50.

Abstract: A secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer, and the electrolyte layer includes an electrolytic solution and a copolymer containing vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, and a hetero-unsaturated compound.

Abstract: A battery, including: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte layer containing a negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode; and (1) a first polymer compound layer disposed between the cathode and the anode and being adjacent to the cathode, (2) a second polymer compound layer disposed between the cathode and the anode and being adjacent to the anode, or (3) the first polymer compound layer and the second polymer compound layer. One or both of the first polymer compound layer and the second polymer compound layer contain a polymer compound containing fluorine (F) as a constituent element and a conductive material dispersed in the polymer compound.

Abstract: A secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer, and the electrolyte layer includes an electrolytic solution and a copolymer containing vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, and a hetero-unsaturated compound.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer. The electrolyte layer includes an electrolytic solution, two or more copolymers each containing hexafluoropropylene as a component and each having a different copolymerization amount (wt %) of hexafluoropropylene, and a plurality of inorganic particles.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer. The electrolyte layer includes an electrolytic solution, a polymer compound, and a plurality of inorganic particles. The polymer compound includes a copolymer including vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, and a ratio W2/W1 of a weight W2 of the electrolytic solution to a weight W1 of the polymer compound is from 2.5 to 50.

Abstract: A battery, including: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte layer containing a negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes: a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte layer containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution and a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains a block copolymer, and the block copolymer contains vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoro propylene, and one or more of monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, and chlorotrifluoroethylene as polymerization units.

Abstract: A battery is composed of a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material is formed on a positive electrode collector, a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material is formed on a negative electrode collector, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte impregnated in the separator. The battery further includes at least one of a heteropoly acid and a heteropoly acid compound as an additive at least in one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the electrolyte.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode; and (1) a first polymer compound layer disposed between the cathode and the anode and being adjacent to the cathode, (2) a second polymer compound layer disposed between the cathode and the anode and being adjacent to the anode, or (3) the first polymer compound layer and the second polymer compound layer. One or both of the first polymer compound layer and the second polymer compound layer contain a polymer compound containing fluorine (F) as a constituent element and a conductive material dispersed in the polymer compound.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte layer including non-aqueous electrolytic solution and a polymer compound. The polymer compound includes a graft copolymer. The graft copolymer includes a block copolymer as a main chain, and includes one or both of a homopolymer and a copolymer as one or more side chains. The block copolymer includes, as polymerization units, vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene. The homopolymer includes, as a polymerization unit, one selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid. The copolymer includes, as polymerization units, two or more selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid.

Abstract: The secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode includes an anode current collector and an anode active material layer that includes an anode active material, and is provided on the anode current collector, a surface of the anode active material being covered with one or more coatings containing one or both of polyvinylidene fluoride and a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution in which a polymer compound is dissolved.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a nonaqueous electrolyte that includes a solvent and an electrolyte salt, the solvent including a halogenated cyclic carbonate of the Formula (1) below, or at least one of unsaturated cyclic carbonates of the Formulae (2) and (3) below; and a polyacid and/or a polyacid compound contained in the battery, where X is a F group or a Cl group, R1 and R2 are each independently a CnH2n+1 group (0?n?4), and R3 is CnH2n+1?mXm (0?n?4, 0?m?2n+1), where R4 and R5 are each independently a CnH2n+1 group (0?n?4), where R6 to R11 are each independently a CnH2n+1 group (0?n?4).

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte layer including non-aqueous electrolytic solution and a polymer compound. The polymer compound includes a graft copolymer. The graft copolymer includes a block copolymer as a main chain, and includes one or both of a homopolymer and a copolymer as one or more side chains. The block copolymer includes, as polymerization units, vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene. The homopolymer includes, as a polymerization unit, one selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid. The copolymer includes, as polymerization units, two or more selected from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes: a cathode; an anode; and an electrolyte layer containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution and a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains a block copolymer, and the block copolymer contains vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoro propylene, and one or more of monomethyl maleate, trifluoroethylene, and chlorotrifluoroethylene as polymerization units.

Abstract: A battery is composed of a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material is formed on a positive electrode collector, a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material is formed on a negative electrode collector, a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte impregnated in the separator. The battery further includes at least one of a heteropoly acid and a heteropoly acid compound as an additive at least in one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the electrolyte.