Abstract: A laminate comprising a substrate; and a plating-forming layer disposed on at least one surface of both surfaces of the substrate and containing a thermoplastic resin and a plating catalyst, wherein the plating-forming layer further satisfies conditions of the following (1) and/or (2), (1) the plating-forming layer contains a dispersing agent for dispersing the plating catalyst (2) an abundance of the plating catalyst on a surface side of the plating-forming layer is higher than an abundance of the plating catalyst on the substrate side of the plating-forming layer.

Abstract: A radiographic apparatus includes a plurality of pixel groups, bias sources, and a sensing unit, wherein each pixel group includes a pixel including a conversion element for converting radiation into a charge. Each bias source supplies a bias potential to the conversion element of a pixel via a bias line. The sensing unit samples a first signal value indicating a current flowing through a first bias line connected to a first pixel group including a pixel of which a switch element is turned on and a second signal value indicating a current flowing through a second bias line connected to a second pixel group where the switch element is off at timings overlapping at least in part and determines presence or absence of radiation irradiation based on the first signal value and the second signal value. The first and second bias lines have substantially same time constants.

Abstract: A radiographic imaging apparatus comprising pixels, a drive circuit configured to control the pixels through drive lines and a detection unit configured to detect a start of radiation irradiation is provided. The drive circuit comprises a shift circuit configured to perform a shift operation of changing the drive line to be activated, among the drive lines, in response to a shift control signal input to the drive circuit. The drive circuit has a mode of activating a second drive line among the drive lines in response to the shift control signal input for a second time after a first drive line among the drive lines is activated during a period up to when the detection unit detects the start of radiation irradiation, at least two drive lines of the drive lines being disposed between the first drive line and the second drive line.

Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus comprising pixels, a driver controlling the pixels via drive lines and a controller, is provided. The driver comprises terminals and performs a shift operation of sequentially outputting an activation signal from each of the terminals in response to first and second signals supplied from the controller. The terminals include a first group that is connected to the drive lines and a second group that is not connected to the drive lines. The first group includes a first terminal output the activation signal first and a second terminal output the activation signal at last. During detecting a start of irradiation, the driver outputs the activation signal from the second terminal in the shift operation according to the first signal and then outputs the activation signal from the first terminal in the shift operation according to the second signal.

Abstract: A radiographic apparatus includes a plurality of pixel groups, bias sources, and a sensing unit, wherein each pixel group includes a pixel including a conversion element for converting radiation into a charge. Each bias source supplies a bias potential to the conversion element of a pixel via a bias line. The sensing unit samples a first signal value indicating a current flowing through a first bias line connected to a first pixel group including a pixel of which a switch element is turned on and a second signal value indicating a current flowing through a second bias line connected to a second pixel group where the switch element is off at timings overlapping at least in part and determines presence or absence of radiation irradiation based on the first signal value and the second signal value. The first and second bias lines have substantially same time constants.

Abstract: A plurality of control lines extending in a first direction, a plurality of data lines that extend in a second direction crossing the first direction, a photoelectric converter that includes a photoelectric conversion element and is electrically connected to a corresponding control line and a corresponding data line, a scintillator provided on a plurality of the photoelectric converters, a bias line electrically connected to a plurality of the photoelectric conversion elements, a voltage generation circuit electrically connected to the bias line, and a radiation incidence determination circuit that is electrically connected to the bias line and detects a change of a voltage occurring at an incidence start of radiation are included.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a substrate; an adhesive layer formed on at least one surface of both surfaces of the substrate so as to be in direct contact with the substrate; and a plating layer formed on a surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the substrate, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a plating catalyst containing a precious metal, and a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a first scroll member made of sheet metal, extending in a circumferential direction of an impeller shaft, having an opening that is opened to the bearing housing, and forming a part of a wall surface of the first turbine scroll passage, a second scroll member made of sheet metal, extending in the circumferential direction of the impeller shaft, having an opening that is opened to the bearing housing, and forming a part of a wall surface of the second turbine scroll passage, and a closing member closing the opening of the first scroll member and forming the wall surface of the first turbine scroll passage on the side thereof adjacent to the bearing housing, and closing the opening of the second scroll member and forming the wall surface of the second turbine scroll passage on the side thereof adjacent to the bearing housing.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine housing, an annular metal plate, and a scroll passage defining plate. The metal plate defines a connecting passage in the turbine housing. The connecting passage connects a turbine chamber and a turbine scroll passage to each other. The scroll passage defining plate includes a passage defining portion that defines the turbine scroll passage and an inner circumferential edge portion that extends from the inner circumferential edge portion of the passage defining portion and along the metal plate. The scroll passage defining plate has an inner circumferential edge that is fixed between the turbine housing and the metal plate. The scroll passage defining plate is arranged in the turbine housing such that the outer circumferential edge portion of the passage defining portion is movable relative to the turbine housing.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine housing that is a cast component, a turbine scroll passage, a discharge port, and a discharge port defining member. The turbine scroll passage surrounds the circumference of a turbine chamber defined in the turbine housing and the circumference of the turbine chamber. Exhaust gas that has passed through the turbine chamber is conducted to the discharge port. The discharge port defining member constitutes a wall surface of the discharge port. The discharge port defining member includes a tubular main body wall and an outer circumferential edge. The main body wall constitutes a wall surface of the discharge port. The outer circumferential edge extends from the distal end of the main body wall and outward in the radial direction of the impeller shaft. The outer circumferential edge is fixed between the turbine housing and a downstream exhaust pipe, which is connected to the discharge port.

Abstract: A radiation detector according to an embodiment includes: control lines; data lines; detecting parts; a gate drive circuit; a signal detection circuit; a radiation incidence determination circuit; and a controller controlling the gate drive circuit and the signal detection circuit. The controller performs the control by dividing the control lines into a first group and a second group, the radiation incidence determination circuit determines the incidence start of the radiation based on a value of the image data read from the detecting part electrically connected to the control line included in the first group. Or, the controller performs the control by dividing the data lines into a third group and a fourth group, the radiation incidence determination circuit determines the incidence start of the radiation based on a value of the image data read from the detecting part electrically connected to the data line included in the third group.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a bearing housing, a turbine housing, a turbine chamber formed in the turbine housing, a turbine impeller rotating integrally with the impeller shaft by the exhaust gas flowing into the turbine chamber, a turbine scroll passage formed in the turbine housing, a communication passage, and a bearing housing side plate made of sheet metal and forming wall surfaces of the turbine scroll passage and the communication passage on the bearing housing side. The bearing housing side plate has an inner peripheral part of the bearing housing side plate is a stationary part relative to the bearing housing, and an outer peripheral end portion of the bearing housing side plate is a free end. The bearing housing side plate has an outer peripheral side surface of the bearing housing side plate is spaced from a first facing member that faces the outer peripheral wall side surface.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a substrate; and a plating-forming layer disposed on at least one surface of both surfaces of the substrate and containing a thermoplastic resin and a plating catalyst, wherein the plating-forming layer further satisfies conditions of the following (1) and/or (2), (1) the plating-forming layer contains a dispersing agent for dispersing the plating catalyst (2) an abundance of the plating catalyst on a surface side of the plating-forming layer is higher than an abundance of the plating catalyst on the substrate side of the plating-forming layer.

Abstract: A laminate comprising a substrate; an adhesive layer formed on at least one surface of both surfaces of the substrate so as to be in direct contact with the substrate; and a plating layer formed on a surface of the adhesive layer opposite to the substrate, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a plating catalyst containing a precious metal, and a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a bearing housing, a turbine housing, a turbine chamber formed in the turbine housing, a turbine impeller rotating integrally with the impeller shaft by the exhaust gas flowing into the turbine chamber, a turbine scroll passage formed in the turbine housing, a communication passage, and a bearing housing side plate made of sheet metal and forming wall surfaces of the turbine scroll passage and the communication passage on the bearing housing side. The bearing housing side plate has an inner peripheral part of the bearing housing side plate is a stationary part relative to the bearing housing, and an outer peripheral end portion of the bearing housing side plate is a free end. The bearing housing side plate has an outer peripheral side surface of the bearing housing side plate is spaced from a first facing member that faces the outer peripheral wall side surface.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a first scroll member made of sheet metal, extending in a circumferential direction of an impeller shaft, having an opening that is opened to the bearing housing, and forming a part of a wall surface of the first turbine scroll passage, a second scroll member made of sheet metal, extending in the circumferential direction of the impeller shaft, having an opening that is opened to the bearing housing, and forming a part of a wall surface of the second turbine scroll passage, and a closing member closing the opening of the first scroll member and forming the wall surface of the first turbine scroll passage on the side thereof adjacent to the bearing housing, and closing the opening of the second scroll member and forming the wall surface of the second turbine scroll passage on the side thereof adjacent to the bearing housing.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a flexible metal-clad laminated plate includes the steps of: (a) obtaining a laminated body by laminating a polyimide resin film including a non-thermoplastic polyimide layer and an adhesive layer containing thermoplastic polyimide, the adhesive layer being provided on at least one side of the non-thermoplastic polyimide layer, and a metal foil; and (b) subjecting the laminated body obtained in the step (a) to heat treatment under an inert gas atmosphere and a pressure of 0.20 to 0.98 MPa at a temperature of a glass transition temperature Tg of the thermoplastic polyimide?20° C. to the glass transition temperature Tg+50° C.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine housing, an annular metal plate, and a scroll passage defining plate. The metal plate defines a connecting passage in the turbine housing. The connecting passage connects a turbine chamber and a turbine scroll passage to each other. The scroll passage defining plate includes a passage defining portion that defines the turbine scroll passage and an inner circumferential edge portion that extends from the inner circumferential edge portion of the passage defining portion and along the metal plate. The scroll passage defining plate has an inner circumferential edge that is fixed between the turbine housing and the metal plate. The scroll passage defining plate is arranged in the turbine housing such that the outer circumferential edge portion of the passage defining portion is movable relative to the turbine housing.

Abstract: A turbocharger includes a turbine housing that is a cast component, a turbine scroll passage, a discharge port, and a discharge port defining member. The turbine scroll passage surrounds the circumference of a turbine chamber defined in the turbine housing and the circumference of the turbine chamber. Exhaust gas that has passed through the turbine chamber is conducted to the discharge port. The discharge port defining member constitutes a wall surface of the discharge port. The discharge port defining member includes a tubular main body wall and an outer circumferential edge. The main body wall constitutes a wall surface of the discharge port. The outer circumferential edge extends from the distal end of the main body wall and outward in the radial direction of the impeller shaft. The outer circumferential edge is fixed between the turbine housing and a downstream exhaust pipe, which is connected to the discharge port.

Abstract: Welding quality of a welding section W welded by laser welding is determined by acquiring an image of the welding section W and its surrounding region by means of a high-speed camera 11, analyzing, as parameters, the number of spatters P per unit length and the area of a high-luminance region in the acquired image by means of an analyzer 12, and comparing the analyzed parameters with respective comparison tables created beforehand, to determine the welding quality of the welding section Wa. Information on the welding quality of the welding section W is displayed on a monitor 13. Not only the laser welding quality of the welding section can be determined but also in-process shearing strength prediction as well as in-process fracture mode prediction can be performed, thus enabling quality control matching high-speed and high-precision laser welding.