Abstract: According to the present invention, a display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a pair of electrode substrates and a display medium sandwiched between the electrode substrates and including a polymeric wall and liquid crystal regions at least partly surrounded by the polymeric wall. In this liquid crystal display device, the polymeric wall is tightly attached to both the electrode substrates. Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for producing a liquid crystal display device including a pair of electrode substrates, at least one of which is transparent, and a display medium including a polymeric wall and liquid crystal regions at least partly surrounded by the polymeric wall and sandwiched between the electrode substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element which includes two opposing electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between said electrodes, wherein an alignment film for aligning a liquid crystal of said liquid crystal layer in at least three different directions is disposed above a side of said liquid crystal layer of at least one of said electrodes is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes walls made from a polymer material and liquid crystal regions in contact with the walls between a pair of substrates, each having electrodes, wherein the liquid crystal region is in a selective reflection state and a chiral pitch of liquid crystal contained in the liquid crystal regions is longer than a chiral pitch of the walls made from a polymer material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes upper and lower substrates having upper and lower electrodes formed on a surface of respective upper and lower substrates, and upper and lower orientation films formed over the surface of respective upper and lower electrodes. A nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first substrate having a signal electrode and a scanning electrode insulated from each other through an insulating layer, said first substrate being further provided with a switching transistor and a pixel electrode both in association with an intersection of said signal electrode and said scanning electrode; a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material of a positive dielectric anisotropy dispersed or impregnated in a transparent fluoro-type polymer of a fluoroalkyl acrylate or metacrylate or its copolymer with an alkyl acrylate or metacrylate; and a second substrate having a counter electrode to be placed at least opposite to said pixel electrode, said first and second substrate being disposed as opposed to each other so as to sandwich said liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal display cell layer and a pair of polarizers arranged on the sides of respective outer surfaces of the display cell layer. The liquid crystal display device further includes a retardation compensation layer having an optical birefringence which is arranged on at least one side, in a direction of the thickness of the display cell layer and between the polarizers, which compensates a change in the retardation caused when light passes through the display cell layer so as to improve viewing angle characteristics. A direction of a maximum one of principal refractive indices of the retardation compensation layer is oriented in a direction substantially parallel to a direction of the normal perpendicular to the surfaces of transparent substrates of the display cell layer.

Abstract: A colored liquid-crystal display device comprising a positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer with the dielectric constant anisotropy, the liquid-crystal layer having an optically active substance; a pair of electrode substrates facing each other and sandwiching therebetween the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer in such a manner that the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal is formed into a twisted structure with a fixed angle of twist of the liquid-crystal molecules, .phi., of the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer in the direction of a thickness d of the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer; and a polarizer and a analyzer positioned outside of the pair of electrode substrates, respectively, wherein the twist angle .phi. is set to be in the range of 180.degree. to 300.degree. and the product of the refractivity anisotropy .DELTA.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device comprising a double-layered-type liquid-crystal cell that is composed of a first cell layer and a second cell layer, said cell containing liquid-crystal molecules with a twisted nematic orientation therein and a voltage-applying means in one of the first and second cell layers, wherein the angle of twist of the liquid-crystal molecules in the first cell layer is opposite to that of twist of the liquid-crystal molecules in the second cell layer, and the orientation of the liquid-crystal molecules in the first cell layer in the vicinity of the second cell layer is at right angles to that of the liquid-crystal molecules in the second cell layer in the vicinity of the first cell layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprising two substrates and a nematic liquid crystal present between said two substrates, wherein each of said substrates comprises a glass plate, an electrode thereon and an aligning layer subjected to a molecular aligning treatment for a pretilt angle of 1.degree. to 30.degree. on the electrode, wherein an optically active material is added to the nematic crystal which has a positive dielectric anisotropy, wherein the average alignment direction in the longer direction of said liquid crystal molecule is twisted at an angle .phi. of 210.degree. to 300.degree. to impart a spiral structure to the liquid crystal and a ratio d/p of the spiral pitch p of the liquid crystal molecule and the liquid crystal thickness d are(.phi./360-1/4)<d/p<.phi./360;an improvement being present in that the nematic liquid crystal contains one or more compounds represented by the following formula (I) in an amount of not less than 10% by weight: ##STR1## wherein n.sub.1 and n.sub.

Abstract: The twisted nematic liquid crystal display device of this invention relates to a liquid crystal cell having a twisted spiral structure by disposing a pair of substrates opposedly to each other with the rubbed orientation films formed on the electrodes, placing a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotrophy containing an optically active substance between this pair of substrates, and shifting the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by a specified angle of .phi. on both substrates, in which the angle .phi. is set in a range of 210.degree..ltoreq..phi..ltoreq.300.degree., and the ratio d/p of the spiral pitch p of the liquid crystal molecules to layer thickness d of the liquid crystal cell is set in a range of (.phi./360-1/4)<d/p<.phi./360.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with multiplex capability enhanced by decreasing the hysteresis characteristic of the liquid crystal. The hysteresis characteristic of the crystal is reduced by fixing an angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the range of 270 to 315 degrees, by setting a birefringence (.DELTA.N) of the host molecules at less than or equal to 0.14 and by having a crystal layer thickness (d) of less than or equal to 7 .mu.m (.DELTA.n.multidot.d<1 .mu.m).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a uniform transmittance in the visible light range. The display includes a polarizer and analyzer which correct a non-uniform light transmittance of a liquid crystal layer. This is accomplished by controlling an angle between polarization axes of the polarizer and the analyzer in dependence on the product of a refractive index anisotropy and a thickness of the liquid crystal layer, so that the combined transmittance of the polarizer and the analyzer is a maximum in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 500 nm. When the product is approximately 0.5 .mu.m, the angle is selected in the range from 92 to 110 degrees and when the product is approximately 1.0 .mu.m, the angle is selected in the range from 94 to 120 degrees.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a mixed phase of the six kinds of the compounds such as ##STR1## and a liquid crystal display device of the multiplex drive type such as liquid crystal television device, which uses the above composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates, a first patterned layer formed on a part of one of the substrates, a second layer formed on the remaining part of the one of the substrates, the thickness of the second layer being substantially identical to that of the first patterned layer to provide a layer uniform in thickness, and a third layer formed on the uniform layer to provide orientation of molecules of a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates. The uniform layer is manufactured by the steps of forming the first patterned layer on part of the one of the substrates, and forming the second layer on the remaining part of the one of the substrates, using a lift-off method.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming an electrode pattern which is free of erosion, separation of a wiring pattern from a substrate, etc., through the use of a lift-up method, which comprises the steps of: etching a transparent, electrically conductive film deposited on a major surface of the substrate for the formation of the transparent electrode pattern; overlaying the whole of the major surface of the substrate with a layer of photoresist; removing a portion of said photoresist layer in the metal electrode pattern; coating substantially the entire major surface of the substrate with a layer of metal electrode material; and removing the remaining photoresist layer with the aid of a resist remover thereby forming the metal electrode pattern.