Abstract: A method for carrying out a reaction of one substance capable of being activated by a catalyst with another substance capable of reacting with said one substance activated, characterized in that the substance capable of being activated is activated by passing the substance through a diaphragm type catalyst and the reaction is thus performed in one reaction step; a method for producing an aromatic alcohol utilizing the above method; and a reaction apparatus suitable for these reactions. In the method, one substance is activated by passing through a diaphragm type catalyst and an objective reaction is carried out by using the activated substance, and the reaction can be performed in one reaction step and with safety. Moreover, the contact of the above activated substance with a compound to be reacted therewith can be freely controlled, and therefore, over-reaction can be prevented and an objective product can be produced in high yield.

Abstract: A method for carrying out a reaction of one substance capable of being activated by a catalyst with another substance capable of reacting with said one substance activated, characterized in that the substance capable of being activated is activated by passing the substance through a diaphragm type catalyst and the reaction is thus performed in one reaction step; a method for producing an aromatic alcohol utilizing the above method; and a reaction apparatus suitable for these reactions. In the method, one substance is activated by passing through a diaphragm type catalyst and an objective reaction is carried out by using the activated substance, and the reaction can be performed in one reaction step and with safety. Moreover, the contact of the above activated substance with a compound to be reacted therewith can be freely controlled, and therefore, over-reaction can be prevented and an objective product can be produced in high yield.

Abstract: A process includes a step of melting aluminium alkoxide in hexylene glycol (2-methyl 2,4-pentonediol). Then, the solution is subject hydrolysis. During this, hydrolysis and dehydrating condensation of hexylene glycol is controlled by alkoxide. This is found effective for obtaining alumina having uniform porous structure with high specific surface area.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cordierite, which includes dissolving a silicon compound, an aluminum compound and a magnesium compound in a molar ratio of 1:0.7 to 1:0.3 to 0.5 in a complexing agent represented by the formula R(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n OH, wherein R is an alkyl group and n is an integer of 1 to 4; heating the resulting solution to bring about a ligand exchange reaction of the silicon compound, aluminum compound and magnesium compound with the complexing agent; conducting hydrolysis to form a gel; drying the gel and sintering the dried gel at 800.degree. to 1450.degree. C.

Abstract: A process of production of alumina includes method for controlling specific surface area of alumina. Control of specific surface area is performed by controlling porous structure of alumina. In the process, aluminum alkoxide is subject hydrolysis for forming alumina sol. During hydrolysis process, polyether is used as organic solvent in order to control the porous structure of produced alumina.

Abstract: A mixture of a cyclodextrin and an alkoxy silane compound, e.g., tetraethoxy silane, is admixed with water and an acidic or alkaline catalyst, e.g., acetic acid, to effect ligand exchange and hydrolysis of the alkoxy silane followed by gelation into a gelled mass which is dried and, preferably, leached with water to remove excess of the cyclodextrin. The thus obtained gelled material is a composite having a structure in which the cyclodextrin molecules are incorporated into the matrix of amorphous silica presumably by forming Si-O-C linkages. The composite has characteristics as a combination of the properties of both of the component materials and can expand the applicability of the materials, for example, as a carrier of catalysts and immobilized enzymes, absorbent and adsorbent and so on.

Abstract: The invention provides an improvement in the partial nuclear hydrogenation of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound in the liquid phase with admixture of water catalyzed by a ruthenium-containing solid catalyst. The scope of the invention is in the use of a novel ruthenium-containing catalyst supported on a silica gel and the like carrier and the catalyst is prepared by the hydrolysis and gelation of an alkoxide of silicon or aluminum in a solution containing a ruthenium compound, e.g. ruthenium alkoxide, followed by drying of the gelled material so that the resultant catalyst is very uniformly impregnated with the ruthenium ingredient to be imparted with greatly improved catalytis activity and selectivity for the intended reaction over conventional ruthenium-containing catalysts prepared by post-impregnation of a preformed silica gel carrier.

Abstract: A method for the asymmetric hydrogenation of .alpha.-ketoesters which comprises subjecting an .alpha.-ketoester containing an .alpha.-ketoester grouping of the formula: --CO--COO-- to assymmetric hydrogenation in the presence of a platinum-alumina catalyst modified with a solution of a cinchona-alkaloid.

Abstract: A catalyst having a noble metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table of Elements carried on aluminum sponge and a method for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanes which comprises bringing cyclohexanes, in a heated state, into contact with the catalyst described above in conjunction with hydrogen.

Abstract: A catalyst having a noble metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table of Elements carried on aluminum sponge and a method for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanes which comprises bringing cyclohexanes, in a heated state, into contact with the catalyst described above in conjunction with hydrogen.