Abstract: A steel wire which has an excellent fatigue limit when made into a spring is provided. A chemical composition of the steel wire according to the present embodiment consists of, in mass %, C: 0.53 to 0.59%, Si: 2.51 to 2.90%, Mn: 0.70 to 0.85%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Cr 1.40 to 1.70%, Mo: 0.17 to 0.53%, V: 0.23 to 0.33%, Cu: 0.050% or less, Ni: 0.050% or less, Al: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.050% or less, N: 0.0070% or less, Ca: 0 to 0.0050%, and Nb: 0 to 0.020%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. In the steel wire, a number density of V-based precipitates having a maximum diameter ranging from 2 to 10 nm is 500 to 8000 pieces/?m2.

Abstract: A valve spring includes a nitrided layer, and a core portion that is further inward than the nitrided layer. A chemical composition of the core portion consists of, in mass %, C: 0.53 to 0.59%, Si: 2.51 to 2.90%, Mn: 0.70 to 0.85%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Cr: 1.40 to 1.70%, Mo: 0.17 to 0.53%, V: 0.23 to 0.33%, Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0050%, Cu: 0.050% or less, Ni: 0.050% or less, Al: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.050% or less, and N: 0.0070% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities. In the core portion, a number density of V-based precipitates having a maximum diameter ranging from 2 to 10 nm is 500 to 8000 per ?m2, and in the core portion, a numerical proportion of Ca sulfides with respect to a total number of oxide-based inclusions and sulfide-based inclusions is 0.20% or less.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail provided with an inlet capable of reducing pressure pulsation without increasing the inner diameter of a high-pressure pipe even when the pressure of a system is increased. A gasoline direct injection rail comprises an inlet 2, 21 at a first end 15, 34 of a rail body 1, 20, wherein an orifice 12, 31 is provided inside the rail body 1, 20, the inlet 2, 21 has a fuel flow passage 4, 23, and a hollow part 8, 27 is provided between the fuel flow passage 4, 23 and the orifice 12, 31.

Abstract: Example implementations described herein are directed to a system involving one or more photonic integrated circuits having multi-mode waveguides and connected to a printed optical board through the use of multi-mode waveguide connectors described herein. The printed optical board can include an embedded multi-mode waveguide bus to facilitate optical signal to and from the photonic integrated circuits. The system can also include a chiplet such as a photonic integrated circuit with a single mode waveguide configured to connect to an optical fiber cable.

Abstract: Provided are a training device, a disease affection determination device, a machine learning method, and a program that are applicable to various living organisms other than humans without performing time-consuming mapping. The present disclosure provides a machine learning unit that trains a model for a predetermined disease using, as an input, a training feature vector based on an appearance frequency of a plurality of types of substrings in a base sequence obtained from a training sample collected from a learning subject and, as an output, label information indicating whether the learning subject is a subject affected by the predetermined disease or a subject not affected by the predetermined disease.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail in which a large load is unlikely to be concentrated on a boundary part between a rail body and an end cap, and damage to the boundary part can be prevented, even when high pressure is applied to the inside of the rail body. The gasoline direct injection rail comprises an end cap 4 composed of a top plate 5 and a circumferential wall 6, and a rail body 1 having an end part 2 in which the circumferential wall 6 of the end cap 4 is inserted and placed, wherein an inner circumference of the end part 2 of the rail body 1 has a depression 3, the circumferential wall 6 is placed in the depression 3, and there is no level difference at a boundary part 12 between an inner circumferential surface 11 of the circumferential wall 6 and an inner circumferential surface 10 of the rail body 1.

Abstract: Example implementations described herein are directed to a system involving one or more photonic integrated circuits having multi-mode waveguides and connected to a printed optical board through the use of multi-mode waveguide connectors described herein. The printed optical board can include an embedded multi-mode waveguide bus to facilitate optical signal to and from the photonic integrated circuits. The system can also include a chiplet such as a photonic integrated circuit with a single mode waveguide configured to connect to an optical fiber cable.

Abstract: The present invention aims for obtaining a fuel rail for gasoline direct injection which can be used for the direct injection at a high fuel pressure of 50 MPa or more by increasing the thickness at the portion near the branch hole and using the material having high thickness for the metal seal portion while keeping the weight light and keeping the cost low. A fuel rail for gasoline direct injection made of steel and used at a fuel pressure of 50 MPa or more, the fuel rail having: a plurality of block members 2; and a pipe member 1 which connects an interval between the block members, wherein the block members 2 have: a branch hole 3 which communicates with the pipe member 1; and a metal seal portion 6 to which an injector is connected, and the hardness of the block members 2 is higher than the hardness of the pipe member 1.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device includes detecting elastic waves, and detecting or predicting an abnormality of the processing object occurring during polishing of the processing object. The elastic waves are generated from the processing object during the polishing. The abnormality is detected or predicted by analyzing the detected elastic waves.

Abstract: The present invention aims for obtaining a fuel rail for gasoline direct injection which can be used for the direct injection at a high fuel pressure of 50 MPa or more by increasing the thickness at the portion near the branch hole and using the material having high thickness for the metal seal portion while keeping the weight light and keeping the cost low. A fuel rail for gasoline direct injection made of steel and used at a fuel pressure of 50 MPa or more, the fuel rail having: a plurality of block members 2; and a pipe member 1 which connects an interval between the block members, wherein the block members 2 have: a branch hole 3 which communicates with the pipe member 1; and a metal seal portion 6 to which an injector is connected, and the hardness of the block members 2 is higher than the hardness of the pipe member 1.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail that enables plating treatment to be easily and reliably performed on the inside of a rail body and an inlet part, also, that includes an orifice, and that has excellent mechanical properties. In a gasoline direct injection rail comprising a steel rail body 4, an inlet part 6 provided integrally with or separately from a first end 5 of the rail body 4 and comprising therein a communication passage 7 in communication with a fuel passage of the rail body 4, and a plurality of injector holders in communication with the fuel passage, a stainless orifice member 1 formed separately from the rail body 4 is securely disposed in the communication passage 7 of the inlet part 6.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail in which a large load is unlikely to be concentrated on a boundary part between a rail body and an end cap, and damage to the boundary part can be prevented, even when high pressure is applied to the inside of the rail body. The gasoline direct injection rail comprises an end cap 4 composed of a top plate 5 and a circumferential wall 6, and a rail body 1 having an end part 2 in which the circumferential wall 6 of the end cap 4 is inserted and placed, wherein an inner circumference of the end part 2 of the rail body 1 has a depression 3, the circumferential wall 6 is placed in the depression 3, and there is no level difference at a boundary part 12 between an inner circumferential surface 11 of the circumferential wall 6 and an inner circumferential surface 10 of the rail body 1.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail provided with an inlet capable of reducing pressure pulsation without increasing the inner diameter of a high-pressure pipe even when the pressure of a system is increased. A gasoline direct injection rail comprises an inlet 2, 21 at a first end 15, 34 of a rail body 1, 20, wherein an orifice 12, 31 is provided inside the rail body 1, 20, the inlet 2, 21 has a fuel flow passage 4, 23, and a hollow part 8, 27 is provided between the fuel flow passage 4, 23 and the orifice 12, 31.

Abstract: To improve the ability to layout delivery pipes by maintaining flexibility in a mounting position of an inlet pipe to a delivery pipe main body. A delivery pipe for gasoline comprising a flat shaped delivery pipe main body 1 provided with a pair of facing wide walls 2, 3 and a pair of facing narrow walls 4, 5 that are more narrow than the pair of wide walls 2, 3, wherein an inlet pipe 7 is disposed and connected to the narrow wall 4 of the delivery pipe main body 1, and a connecting portion 10 of the inlet pipe 7 and the narrow wall 4 is covered continuously by a reinforcing material 11 from the connecting portion 10 over the wide walls 2, 3, thereby reinforcing the connection portion 10.

Abstract: Provided is an end seal structure of a fuel rail for a gasoline direct injection engine that has a simple structure and allows an end cap part to meet higher pressure requirements in a fuel rail having the structure in which one end or both ends of a rail body composed of a tubular member, such as a pipe, is/are closed by an end cap or end caps. The end seal structure employs a thread fastening method using the end cap and a collar brazed at the opening end of the fuel rail body and a gasket sealing method as a sealing method, wherein a gasket interposed between the end cap and the fuel rail body is tightened by an axial force generated due to tightening of the end cap that is screwed and fastened to the fuel rail body so as to be sealed.

Abstract: To make it possible to prevent damage to a brazed part without increasing the thickness of a rail body even when the rail body and an end cap are fixed to each other by brazing, in view of high-pressure gasoline direct injection systems of the future. A gasoline direct injection rail comprising end caps 2 disposed inside respective ends of a rail body 1, with an outer circumference 3 of each end cap 2 and an inner circumference 4 of the rail body 1 being fixed to each other by brazing, wherein a reinforcing ring 6 having an axial length L of L?5 mm is provided on the outer circumference 3 of the rail body 1; a first end 10 on an end cap 2 side of the reinforcing ring 6 is positioned so as not to overlap a brazed part 12 between the rail body 1 and the end cap 2; a distance X from the first end 10 of the reinforcing ring 6 to a distal end 13 of the brazed part 12 is 0 mm?X?15 mm; and a thickness of the reinforcing ring 6 is 40% or more of a thickness of the rail body 1.

Abstract: Provided is an end seal structure of a fuel rail for a gasoline direct injection engine, the end seal structure being characterized in that: a collar is joined by brazing to an outer circumference of an end of a pipe of the rail body including a pipe; the end cap having a cap-nut shape and including a sealing projection on an surface thereof facing the opening at the end of the pipe of the rail body, is screwed and fixed to the collar; and the sealing projection of the end cap brings into pressure contact with the end of the opening of the rail body by an axial force created by tightening of the end cap having the cap-nut shape to seal the end of the opening of the rail body.

Abstract: Provided is an end seal structure of a fuel rail for a gasoline direct injection engine that has a simple structure and allows an end cap part to meet higher pressure requirements in a fuel rail having the structure in which one end or both ends of a rail body composed of a tubular member, such as a pipe, is/are closed by an end cap or end caps. The end seal structure employs a thread fastening method using the end cap and a collar brazed at the opening end of the fuel rail body and a gasket sealing method as a sealing method, wherein a gasket interposed between the end cap and the fuel rail body is tightened by an axial force generated due to tightening of the end cap that is screwed and fastened to the fuel rail body so as to be sealed.

Abstract: From among the communication packets captured by a capturing unit, the communication packets of the applications for which the response time holds importance from the performance perspective are used by a response time calculating unit to calculate the response time on an application-by-application basis. Then, a normalizing unit calculates the average response time and normalizes the average response time using the representative response time to calculate the normalized response time on an application-by-application basis. Subsequently, a performance decrease determining unit determines whether or not the performance of the concerned application has decreased. Regarding an application that has undergone a decrease in the performance, a diagnosing unit determines whether or not the decrease is attributable to the application or attributable to the infrastructure of cloud computing.

Abstract: To obtain a gasoline direct injection rail that enables plating treatment to be easily and reliably performed on the inside of a rail body and an inlet part, also, that includes an orifice, and that has excellent mechanical properties. In a gasoline direct injection rail comprising a steel rail body 4, an inlet part 6 provided integrally with or separately from a first end 5 of the rail body 4 and comprising therein a communication passage 7 in communication with a fuel passage of the rail body 4, and a plurality of injector holders in communication with the fuel passage, a stainless orifice member 1 formed separately from the rail body 4 is securely disposed in the communication passage 7 of the inlet part 6.