Abstract: A cathode having a groove extending about 10 to about 450 microns into a surface of the cathode. The cathode can also be roughened.

Abstract: A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode having manganese dioxide and carbon particles, an anode, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte. The carbon particles include expanded graphite particles and non-expanded graphite particles. The expanded graphite particles have a kerosene absorption greater than about 2.7 milliliters per gram.

Abstract: A cathode having a groove extending about 10 to about 450 microns into a surface of the cathode. The cathode can also be roughened.

Abstract: A cathode having a groove extending about 10 to about 450 microns into a surface of the cathode. The cathode can also be roughened.

Abstract: A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode having manganese dioxide and carbon particles, an anode, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte. The carbon particles include expanded graphite particles and non-expanded graphite particles. The expanded graphite particles have a kerosene absorption greater than about 2.7 milliliters per gram.

Abstract: A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode having manganese dioxide and carbon particles, an anode, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte. The carbon particles include expanded graphite particles and non-expanded graphite particles. The expanded graphite particles have a kerosene absorption greater than about 2.7 milliliters per gram.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for preparing homogeneous intermixtures of particulate manganese dioxide and conductive carbon for use in cathodes for electrochemical cells, in particular alkaline primary cells. Homogeneous intermixtures can be prepared by mechanically activating an essentially dry admixture of particulate electrolytic manganese dioxide and a natural graphite, an expanded graphite or combinations thereof with inert, rigid milling media by the agitation process of the invention. Improved cell discharge performance at both low and high rates of discharge can be achieved for extremely low levels of highly expanded graphite, typically between about 1 and 5 wt %.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having a cathode comprising manganese dioxide and conductive graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers having an increased BET surface area of between about 10 and 60 m2/g, desirably between about 10 and 50 m2/g, preferably between about 30 and 50 m2/g by heat treatment between 800 and 1200° C. with potassium hydroxide. The treated graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers can comprise between about 1 and 100 percent by weight of the total graphite material in the cathode, typically between about 5 and 50 percent by weight of the total graphite. The total graphite in the cathode desirably comprises between about 4 and 10 percent by weight of the cathode. The graphite can be the mixtures of the graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with flaky crystalline graphites including expanded graphites. The graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers have a mean average diameter typically between about 1 and 10 micron.

Abstract: A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode having manganese dioxide and carbon particles, an anode, a separator and an alkaline electrolyte. The carbon particles include expanded graphite particles and non-expanded graphite particles. The expanded graphite particles have a kerosene absorption greater than about 2.7 milliliters per gram.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having a cathode comprising manganese dioxide and conductive graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers having an increased BET surface area of between about 10 and 60 m2/g, desirably between about 10 and 50 m2/g, preferably between about 30 and 50 m2/g by heat treatment between 800 and 1200° C. with potassium hydroxide. The treated graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers can comprise between about 1 and 100 percent by weight of the total graphite material in the cathode, typically between about 5 and 50 percent by weight of the total graphite. The total graphite in the cathode desirably comprises between about 4 and 10 percent by weight of the cathode. The graphite can be the mixtures of the graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with flaky crystalline graphites including expanded graphites. The graphitized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers have a mean average diameter typically between about 1 and 10 micron.

Abstract: An alkaline cell having an anode comprising zinc and a cathode comprising manganese dioxide wherein the cathode is located annularly along the inside surface of the cell housing and has a plurality of indentations on the inside of its surface facing the cell interior. Each indentation has a wall defining a channel with an opening thereto running preferably in the direction of the cell's length. The channel and opening facing the cell interior filled with anode material. The cell can have an anode current collector, typically of metal, with at least a portion of its surface extending into the cathode indentation channel. The anode current collector can have a portion of its surface extending from a point within the anode and into the cathode indentation channel through said opening. The cell can include a cathode current collector comprising a sheet of conductive material such as a sheet of metal or graphite placed within the cathode, particularly within thick regions of the cathode.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for preparing homogeneous intermixtures of particulate manganese dioxide and conductive carbon for use in cathodes for electrochemical cells, in particular alkaline primary cells. Homogeneous intermixtures can be prepared by mechanically activating an essentially dry admixture of particulate electrolytic manganese dioxide and a natural graphite, an expanded graphite or combinations thereof with inert, rigid milling media by the agitation process of the invention. Improved cell discharge performance at both low and high rates of discharge can be achieved for extremely low levels of highly expanded graphite, typically between about 1 and 5 wt %.

Abstract: A lithium ion cell having an amount of a Group 1 element between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is described. The Group 1 element can be on an surface of an electrode separator as a deposit. The Group 1 element can increase the charging capacity of the cell, eliminate the irreversible capacity of the cell, improve the rechargeable cell cyclability, or increase the charging reversibility of the cell.