Abstract: According to some aspects, a liquid crystal display panel comprising an electrode is provided. The electrode comprises a plurality of convex branch electrode portions arranged in a plane, the convex branch electrode portions being convex when viewed from a first direction perpendicular to the plane and extending from a central region of the electrode to a periphery of the electrode, and a plurality of concave branch electrode portions, the concave branch electrode portions being concave when viewed from the first direction, extending from the central region to the periphery and adjacent to convex branch electrode portions. According to some aspects, a method of applying a pretilt to molecules in a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display panel by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer via first and second electrodes is provided.

Abstract: An as-rolled type K55 electric resistance welded oil well pipe includes, in terms of % by mass, 0.30 to 0.50% of C, 0.05 to 0.40% of Si, 0.50 to 1.20% of Mn, 0 to 0.030% of P, 0 to 0.020% of S, 0.002 to 0.080% of Al, 0 to 0.0080% of N, 0 to 0.30% of Cu, 0 to 0.30% of Ni, 0 to 0.30% of Cr, 0 to 0.10% of Mo, 0 to 0.10% of V, 0 to 0.050% of Nb, 0 to 0.030% of Ti, 0 to 0.0100% of Ca, and the balance being Fe and impurities. In the pipe, a metallographic structure at a position of ¼ of a pipe thickness in an L cross-section at a base metal 90° position is a ferrite-pearlite structure in which prior ?-grains are flattened, includes grain boundary ferrite and intragranular ferrite, and has a rate of a total area of the grain boundary ferrite and the intragranular ferrite, of 10 to 30%.

Abstract: Electric resistance welded steel pipe securing the high strength and high toughness demanded from oil well pipe in recent years. The metal structure in a region having a width of 0.5 mm in both the thickness directions from a reference point, when using a point defined as a point ¼ of the thickness in the thickness direction from the surface in the base material part of the steel as the reference point, consists of polygonal ferrite: 10 area % or less and a balance: bainitic ferrite. The thickness is 15 mm or more.

Abstract: An as-rolled type K55 electric resistance welded oil well pipe includes, in terms of % by mass, 0.30 to 0.50% of C, 0.05 to 0.40% of Si, 0.50 to 1.20% of Mn, 0 to 0.030% of P, 0 to 0.020% of S, 0.002 to 0.080% of Al, 0 to 0.0080% of N, 0 to 0.30% of Cu, 0 to 0.30% of Ni, 0 to 0.30% of Cr, 0 to 0.10% of Mo, 0 to 0.10% of V, 0 to 0.050% of Nb, 0 to 0.030% of Ti, 0 to 0.0100% of Ca, and the balance being Fe and impurities. In the pipe, a metallographic structure at a position of ¼ of a pipe thickness in an L cross-section at a base metal 90° position is a ferrite-pearlite structure in which prior ?-grains are flattened, includes grain boundary ferrite and intragranular ferrite, and has a rate of a total area of the grain boundary ferrite and the intragranular ferrite, of 10 to 30%.

Abstract: Electric resistance welded steel pipe securing the high strength and high toughness demanded from oil well pipe in recent years. The metal structure in a region having a width of 0.5 mm in both the thickness directions from a reference point, when using a point defined as a point ¼ of the thickness in the thickness direction from the surface in the base material part of the steel pipe as the reference point, consists of polygonal ferrite: 10 area % or less and a balance: bainitic ferrite. The thickness is 15 mm or more.

Abstract: An imaging device is provided with the following: a trial shading-correction unit that performs trial shading correction on image data for each of a plurality of types of light source on the basis of correction information stored in a correction-information storage unit for each light-source type; a correction-information selection unit (whereby the results of the shading correction performed by the trial shading-correction unit for each light-source type are compared to each other and correction information corresponding to an appropriate shading-correction result is selected from among the correction information stored by the correction-information storage unit per light-source type; and a shading correction unit that performs color-shading correction on the image data on the basis of the correction information selected by the correction-information selection unit.

Abstract: An imaging device is provided with the following: a trial shading-correction unit that performs trial shading correction on image data for each of a plurality of types of light source on the basis of correction information stored in a correction-information storage unit for each light-source type; a correction-information selection unit (whereby the results of the shading correction performed by the trial shading-correction unit for each light-source type are compared to each other and correction information corresponding to an appropriate shading-correction result is selected from among the correction information stored by the correction-information storage unit per light-source type; and a shading correction unit that performs color-shading correction on the image data on the basis of the correction information selected by the correction-information selection unit.

Abstract: A first Hall element is supplied with a current proportional to a load voltage and applied with a magnetic field proportional to a load current and produces a voltage proportional to a load power given by the load voltage and the load current. A second Hall element has the same characteristic as that of the first Hall element and supplied with the current proportional to the load voltage and no magnetic field. The output voltages of the first and the second Hall elements are combined by combining means to compensate and remove an offset voltage component contained in the output voltage of the first Hall element.

Abstract: A first Hall element is supplied with a current proportional to a load voltage and applied with a magnetic field proportional to a load current and produces a voltage proportional to a load power given by the load voltage and the load current. A second Hall element has the same characteristic as that of the first Hall element and supplied with the current proportional to the load voltage and no magnetic field. The output voltages of the first and the second Hall elements are combined by combining means to compensate and remove an offset voltage component contained in the output voltage of the first Hall element.

Abstract: A power flow detector for connection to power supply lines includes a phase difference-to-pulse width converter for producing pulse signals for which the pulse width corresponds to the phase difference between the load voltage and load current of the power supply lines. The output of the phase difference-to-pulse width converter is integrated and the integrated voltage is compared with a reference voltage. The power flow direction is determined by whether the integrated voltage is larger than or smaller than the reference voltage.

Abstract: An electronic watthour meter includes a power flow direction detector circuit which detects the power flow direction and a pulse width modulation circuit for converting a voltage signal proportional to the load voltage into a pulse signal. In accordance with the output of the power flow direction circuit, the polarity of the output signal of the pulse width modulation circuit is either inverted or not inverted. A multiplication circuit produces the product of the voltage signal proportional to the load voltage and a voltage signal proportional to the load current under the control of the output of the pulse modulation circuit.

Abstract: An electronic electric-energy meter comprises a delay time setting circuit connected to one of a voltage transformer and a current transformer connected to power lines for providing a necessary delay time and a delay circuit for which a delay time is set by the delay time setting circuit, the delay circuit delaying a pulse width duty cycle signal corresponding to a voltage applied from the voltage transformer. The pulse width duty cycle signal is formed by a pulse width modulation circuit connected to the voltage transformer. In the delay circuit connected to the pulse width modulation circuit, the duty cycle signal is delayed by the delay time set by the delay time setting circuit. In a time division multiplying circuit connected to the delay circuit, the delayed signal is multiplied by a current signal from the current transformer, thereby forming a signal proportional to electric power.