Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal driver having a plurality of output cells (101), wherein operational amplifiers (105), which are components of the output cells (101), are connected to a power wire (109a) formed in the liquid crystal driver, which is a semiconductor element. Further, the semiconductor element is mounted on a substrate on which a bypass wire (201) has been formed. The bypass wire (201) is connected to the power wire (109a) through bumps (203) for each separate one of the operational amplifiers (105) of all of the output cells.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal driving semiconductor IC for driving a display panel includes an output terminal connected to the display panel, an output circuit block including a DAC circuit, and a spare output block including a DAC circuit, the DAC circuits and being connectable to the output terminal. The IC includes an op amp for comparing output signal from the DAC circuit with that of the DAC circuit, and judging circuit for judging, based on the comparison result of the op amp, whether the DAC circuit is defective, and switches and for, if the DAC circuit is defective, connecting the spare DAC circuit to the output terminal in replacement of the defective DAC circuit. This provides an IC for driving a display device, which IC has concrete measures to easily detect a defect in an output circuit, and can perform self-healing for the defect in the output circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal driver having a plurality of output cells (101), wherein operational amplifiers (105), which are components of the output cells (101), are connected to a power wire (109a) formed in the liquid crystal driver, which is a semiconductor element. Further, the semiconductor element is mounted on a substrate on which a bypass wire (201) has been formed. The bypass wire (201) is connected to the power wire (109a) through bumps (203) for each separate one of the operational amplifiers (105) of all of the output cells.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal driving semiconductor IC for driving a display panel includes an output terminal connected to the display panel, an output circuit block including a DAC circuit, and a spare output block including a DAC circuit, the DAC circuits and being connectable to the output terminal. The IC includes an op amp for comparing output signal from the DAC circuit with that of the DAC circuit, and judging circuit for judging, based on the comparison result of the op amp, whether the DAC circuit is defective, and switches and for, if the DAC circuit is defective, connecting the spare DAC circuit to the output terminal in replacement of the defective DAC circuit. This provides an IC for driving a display device, which IC has concrete measures to easily detect a defect in an output circuit, and can perform self-healing for the defect in the output circuit.

Abstract: A drive element mount display is provided which achieves fine output pad pitches for a display panel driver without reducing the pitches of the connection terminals of display panel wires which connect to the display panel driver. In a liquid crystal driver mount display 1, liquid crystal display means 2 connects to a liquid crystal driver 3 via a driver socket 4a. On the driver socket 4a, the connnection terminals for the liquid crystal display means 2 have larger pitches than the connection terminals for the liquid crystal driver 3. The design eliminates the need to secure a large wiring region on a glass substrate 10, even when the liquid crystal driver 3 is mounted to the glass substrate 10 of the liquid crystal display means 2.

Abstract: A liquid crystal driving device of the present invention is provided with a display data memory of a capacity that can be divided into two parts, and a switch circuit that is used to switch an addressing method of the display data memory between multi-tone display in a dual-scan and simple-tone display in a single-scan, so as to enable a driving IC to be shared between liquid crystal display devices that are used to display high-quality and multi-tone images and liquid crystal display devices that require less tone. Such a liquid crystal driving device can be used to reduce production cost of various types of liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: A liquid crystal driving device of the present invention is provided with a display data memory of a capacity that can be divided into two parts, and a switch circuit that is used to switch an addressing method of the display data memory between multi-tone display in a dual-scan and simple-tone display in a single-scan, so as to enable a driving IC to be shared between liquid crystal display devices that are used to display high-quality and multi-tone images and liquid crystal display devices that require less tone. Such a liquid crystal driving device can be used to reduce production cost of various types of liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: A film carrier tape includes: an insulating film; a plurality of lead terminals that are each disposed on the insulating film and provided with an end connected to a semiconductor chip; and electrical sorting pads disposed at another end of each of the plurality of the lead terminals, wherein at least some of the electrical sorting pads are configured so as to form pad groups each composed of two or more of the electrical sorting pads, and the electrical sorting pads composing each of the pad groups are positioned adjacent to one another so as to simultaneously contact a measurement terminal of a tester and so as to be electrically separated from one another.

Abstract: A tape carrier package is provided, which includes: a line provided on one surface of a tape substrate; and a semiconductor chip mounted on an other surface of the tape substrate, the semiconductor chip having an electrode which is electrically connected to the line. The line extends from one end to an opposite end of the tape substrate and includes a connection where an intermediate line portion provided in a middle between the ends is electrically connected to the electrode.

Abstract: A tape carrier package is provided, which includes: a line provided on one surface of a tape substrate; and a semiconductor chip mounted on an other surface of the tape substrate, the semiconductor chip having an electrode which is electrically connected to the line. The line extends from one end to an opposite end of the tape substrate and includes a connection where an intermediate line portion provided in a middle between the ends is electrically connected to the electrode.

Abstract: A drive method and a drive unit for a liquid crystal display unit which reduce the variation in the effective value of an applied voltage dependent upon the display patterns, are inexpensive, and enhance the display quality are provided. There is provided a segment-side liquid crystal drive circuit 2 which incorporates an output control section 26 where an output correction period is provided in an output of the segment-side liquid crystal drive circuit 2 at intervals of a 1-line scanning period, and during the output correction period a display voltage level of the output is set to an OFF display voltage level when the display voltage level of the output is in an ON display level and to an ON display voltage level when the display voltage level of the output is in an OFF display level.

Abstract: A semiconductor device for driving a display element, which has a display plane and is disposed adjacent to the semiconductor device such that the semiconductor device is positioned at the periphery of the display plane, is provided with a substrate having an oblong shape which extends along one side of the display plane opposing to the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device is also provided with a plurality of wiring patterns formed on the substrate. Each of the wiring patterns extends in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the substrate, and is electrically connected to the display element at one end thereof at one side of the substrate opposing to the display element. The semiconductor device is further provided with an IC chip for driving the display element. The IC chip has an oblong shape and is mounted on the substrate, such that the longitudinal direction of the IC chip is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 4-acyloxyazetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, or a protected hydroxyethyl group; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkoxy group or a phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, provided that the .alpha.-positioned carbon atom of said alkyl group should not have more than two halogen atoms; and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, which is useful as an intermediate for penem antibiotics is disclosed, comprising reacting azetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group, with a carboxylic acid represented by formula (III):R.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 4-acyloxyazetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, or a protected hydroxyethyl group; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkoxy group or a phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, provided that the .alpha.-positioned carbon atom of said alkyl group should not have more than two halogen atoms; and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, which is useful as an intermediate for penem antibiotics is disclosed, comprising reacting azetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group, with a carboxylic acid represented by formula (III):R.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 4-acyloxyazetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, or a protected hydroxyethyl group; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkoxy group or a phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, provided that the .alpha.-positioned carbon atom of said alkyl group should not have more than two halogen atoms; and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group,which is useful as an intermediate for penera antibiotics is disclosed, comprising reacting azetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group,with a carboxylic acid represented by formula (III):R.

Abstract: A compound logic circuit including one NAND gate constituted by two p-channel transistors and two n-channel transistors and one NOR gate constituted by two p-channel transistors and two n-channel transistors. The compound logic circuit is characterized by one of the two p-channel transistors contained in the NAND gate being used as one of the two p-channel transistors contained in the NOR gate and one of the two n-channel transistors contained in the NAND gate being used as one of the two n-channel transistors contained in the NOR gate.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 4-acyloxyazetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, or a protected hydroxyethyl group; R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkoxy group or a phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, provided that the .alpha.-positioned carbon atom of said alkyl group should not have more than two halogen atoms; and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, which is useful as an intermediate for penem antibiotics is disclosed, comprising reacting azetidinone or a derivative thereof represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group,with a carboxylic acid represented by formula (III):R.

Abstract: A process for producing an .alpha.-hydroxyketone represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group; and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, provided that they do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom; or a pair of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, a pair of R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, or a pair of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is taken together to form a ring; and the pair of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and the pair of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a ring simultaneously, is disclosed, comprising reacting a compound represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are as defined above, with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a ruthenium compound and water. .alpha.-Hydroxyketones useful as physiologically active substances are produced with good selectivity and in high yield.

Abstract: A process for producing a 4-acetoxyazetidinone represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a protected or unprotected hydroxyethyl group; and W represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a group of --COOR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 represents a lower alkyl group, is disclosed, which comprises reacting an azetidinone represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein Z is as defined above; and Y represents a hydrogen atom, carboxyl group, a lower alkyl group, or a group of --COOR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 represents a lower alkyl group, with acetic acid and an oxidizing agent in the presence of, as a catalyst, an anhydrous or hydrous osmium compound represented by OsX.sub.3, wherein X represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom.

Abstract: Polyamides are prepared from a carbonitrile and an amine by reacting by heating a mixture of a carbonitrile which is a dinitrile, an equivalent amount of a primary or secondary amine which is a diamine, and at least a stoichiometric amount of water in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst. The catalyst is a complex containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and molybdenum, and at least one group selected from the group consisting of hydride, phosphine, carbonyl, ammonia, and hydroxyl.