Abstract: A case includes a main body having a bottom surface, and a bottom surface cover facing the bottom surface of the main body from outside, the main body is provided with a rib rising inward from the bottom surface of the main body, and a recess facing the bottom surface cover, the rib extends in a first direction between a first stack and a second stack, a coolant path is formed between the recess of the main body and the bottom surface cover, and the main body and the bottom surface cover are fastened to each other at a fastening portion, and at least a portion of the fastening portion is located directly below the rib.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a plurality of battery cells; and a case having a first space that accommodates the plurality of battery cells, wherein the case includes a main body having a bottom surface, and a bottom surface cover facing the bottom surface of the main body from outside, the main body and the bottom surface cover are fastened to each other at a plurality of fastening portions including a first fastening portion and a second fastening portion, and the main body is provided with a recess facing the bottom surface cover, a second space is formed between the recess and the bottom surface cover, and the second space communicates with the first space, the case is provided with an opening through which the second space and outside of the case communicate with each other, and the opening is located between the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel flow reactor capable of measuring the internal temperature. The flow reactor including a tubular reaction line, wherein the flow reactor further includes an internal temperature measurement unit provided at one or more location of the tubular reaction line, the internal temperature measurement unit includes a thermometer with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the tubular reaction line.

Abstract: We describe a method of detecting a voltage from a spin-current, the spin-current comprising a current having a spin predominantly aligned in a spin direction, the method comprising: flowing the spin current through a layer of organic material in a vertical direction through the layer; and detecting an electric field in a lateral direction in the layer of organic material. In a preferred embodiment the organic layer is anisotropic and has a higher electrical conductivity in the lateral direction than in the vertical direction.