Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided that includes a telescope block, a support block, and an imaging unit. The telescope block includes a sighting telescope and is rotatably supported about a first axis. The support block rotatably supports the telescope block about the first axis. The imaging unit is provided inside the telescope block. The imaging unit comprises an image-display device and at least one of an image data output device and an image data recording device.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided that includes a sighting telescope, an imaging device, and an external orientation parameter calculator. The sighting telescope is rotatable about a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. The imaging device is integrally rotated with the sighting telescope and the imaging device has an optical axis that is different from the collimation axis. The external orientation parameter calculator calculates external orientation parameters of stereo images that are obtained by the imaging device in an erecting observation and in an inverse observation in terms of the position of the optical axis with respect to the collimation axis, and the sighting directions in the erection observation and in the inverse observation.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided that includes a telescope block, a support block, and an imaging unit. The telescope block includes a sighting telescope and is rotatably supported about a first axis. The support block rotatably supports the telescope block about the first axis. The imaging unit is provided inside the telescope block. The imaging unit comprises an image-display device and at least one of an image data output device and an image data recording device.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided that includes a sighting telescope, an imaging device, and an external orientation parameter calculator. The sighting telescope is rotatable about a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. The imaging device is integrally rotated with the sighting telescope and the imaging device has an optical axis that is different from the collimation axis. The external orientation parameter calculator calculates external orientation parameters of stereo images that are obtained by the imaging device in an erecting observation and in an inverse observation in terms of the position of the optical axis with respect to the collimation axis, and the sighting directions in the erection observation and in the inverse observation.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided having a telescope, a digital camera, a measuring device, and a calculating device. The telescope collimates an aiming point on a surveying object. The digital camera has an imaging optical system provided separately from the telescopic optical system of the telescope. The measuring device measures the distance between the telescope and a surveying point to be surveyed. The calculating device calculates the location of the aiming point in an image which is captured by the digital camera.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided that includes a digital camera, an area-size presetter, a distance detector, an extracted-area calculator, and a trimming processor. The area-size presetter is used to preset the actual size of an extracted area to be imaged around a measurement point. The distance detector measures a distance to the measurement point. The extracted-area calculator determines the extracted area within an image captured by the digital camera. The extracted area is determined based on the distance and the preset size of the extracted area. The trimming processor extracts a trimming image including the extracted area from the captured image.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided having a telescope, a digital camera, a display device, a measuring device, and a superimposing device. The telescope collimates the aiming point on a surveying object. The digital camera has an imaging optical system provided independently from the telescopic optical system of the telescope. The display device displays an image captured by the digital camera. The measuring device measures the distance between the telescope and a surveying point to be surveyed. The superimposing device displays a shot mark which roughly indicates the location of the surveying point in the image on the display device.

Abstract: The invention provides a photoreceptor belt for forming a latent image on its imaging surface. The photoreceptor belt is stretched in the form of a loop around a plurality of rollers so as to be rotated for carrying a formed image. Both ends of the photoreceptor belt are bonded in the manner that the leading end in relation to the rotation direction is positioned inside than the trailing end in relation to the form of loop and the inner surface of the trailing end is superimposed on the outer surface of the leading end. Cleaning device for cleaning the imaging surface of the photoreceptor belt is disposed to have a cleaning direction opposite to the rotation direction of the photoreceptor belt. The photoreceptor belt is positioned to stop where the bonded ends of the belt are proximate to the corona charging device.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus for forming a color image. An image retainer is provided for carrying the color image, and a charger charges a surface of the image retainer. A latent image former forms a latent image on the charged surface of the image retainer, and a multicolor developer develops the latent image. A black developer develops the latent image. A transfer sheet conveyer conveys a transfer sheet and transfers the developed latent image onto the transfer sheet. A cleaner cleans a residual developer on the surface of the image retainer. The image retainer, either one of the black developer or the multicolor developer, and the cleaner are formed as a detachable processing cartridge, and the rest of the black developer or the multicolor developer is detachable to the body of the color image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus for forming a color image comprising; an image retainer for carrying the color image, a charger for charging a surface of the image retainer, a latent image former for forming a latent image on the charged surface of the image retainer, a multicolor developer for developing the latent image, a black developer for developing the latent image, a transfer sheet conveyer for conveying a transfer sheet and transferring the developed latent image onto the transfer sheet, and a cleaner for cleaning a residual developer on the surface of the image retainer, in which the image retainer, either one of the black developer or the multicolor developer, and the cleaning means are formed as a detachable processing cartridge, and the rest of the black developer or the multicolor developer is detachable to the body of the color image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A color printer that forms a developed toner image on a photoreceptor. The color printer includes a photoreceptor having a belt-like shape, a driver roller of the photoreceptor belt, a follower roller to which the photoreceptor belt is suspended to keep a rotation position of the belt, a cleaner to clean off the residual toner on the photoreceptor after the developed toner image is transferred to a recording sheet, and a device to maintain a mechanical relation between the follower roller and the cleaner so that the cleaner cleans the photoreceptor belt in a constant condition. Above all devices of the driver roller, the follower roller, the cleaner, and the maintaining device are unitized in a cartridge to be detached from the main body of the color printer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which includes a recording sheet storage unit disposed within a main body and a feeder for feeding recording sheets from the recording sheet storage unit. Further included is a detector which emits a signal beginning an automatic loading of the recording sheet storage unit into the main body after manual placement of the storage unit at a predetermined position, and the unloading of the recording sheet storage device when such is desired. Further included is a second detector which detects the fully loaded position of the recording sheet storage device, as well as a conveyor for conveying the storage device to the fully loaded position when loaded, and removing the storage device therefrom during unloading.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus having an image retainer, a transfer member and selection device for selecting one of a monochromatic mode for forming a monochromatic toner image on the transfer member and a multicolor mode for forming a multicolor toner image composed of a plurality of monochromatic toner images on the transfer member. The maximum length of the multicolor toner image is limited within a size corresponding to an effective peripheral length of the transfer member when the multicolor mode is selected.

Abstract: The invention provides a color image forming apparatus with photoreceptor belt. In a roll of the photoreceptor belt provided two pieces of rotatable rollers and guide plate with a curved surface so that the photoreceptor belt is moved while slidably coming in contact with the curved surface of the guide plate. Along the outer surface of the roll of the photoreceptor belt provided a plurality of developing devices at the curved surface to form a color toner image on the photoreceptor belt.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus in which a guide member, provided between two revolving rollers around which a belt type image carrier is stretched, and on which the belt is slidably conveyed, has a large convex curvature in the direction of belt conveyance, so as to reduce friction between the belt and the guide member. A plurality of developing devices are provided to face the belt type image carrier and include magnetic rolls in which a magnetic pole facing the belt type image carrier most adjacently and one of magnetic poles next to the magnetic pole are disposed at a specific angle. The following formula is satisfied:L/R<.theta.where R is the radius of curvature of the guide member, L is the maximum length of the belt type image carrier along the circumferencial surface of the belt type image carrier facing the plurality of developing devices and .theta. represents the specific angle.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus in which at least one registration mark is formed on a movable image retainer, and exposed by an exposing device. A position of the registration mark is detected by a detecting device and a signal is generated based on the detected position of the registration mark. An exposing position of the exposing device is corrected by a correcting device in accordance with the signal to form a latent image on the image retainer.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus wherein a photosensitive belt trained around a plurality of rollers is moved along a guide member, and the guide member is in contact under pressure by an elastic member with a space retaining member provided in each of image forming members facing the photosensitive belt. A color image forming apparatus wherein a photosensitive belt trained around a plurality of rollers is moved along a guide member, and each of given space retaining members is mounted coaxially with each of developing sleeves in the developing devices is in contact under pressure with the side end of the guide member facing the photosensitive belt by an elastic member.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for forming image, components of which are classified into two groups. A first group includes a photoreceptor on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, a charger for charging the photoreceptor, and a developing device for developing the latent image into a toner image; and a second group includes a transferring device for transferring the toner image to a recording sheet, a sheet passage for passing the recording sheet through the transferring device, and a toner container for storing toner. In the above constitution, the second group is arranged to dispose above the first group.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus wherein an image retainer and a transfer member are arranged unitarily in a process cartridge, the process cartridge being formed so that it can be inserted into and withdrawn from an apparatus body having a pluralilty of developing devices. The process cartridge has a cleaning device and a transfer member, and the apparatus body has a device for recovering waste toner. The waste toner scraped off from a surface of the image retainer by the cleaning device is recovered into a hollow in the transfer member.

Abstract: A developing apparatus having a developing roll including therein a developing sleeve and a magnet roll to be faced to an image retainer for developing an electrostatic latent image on the image retainer with a developer. A partition plate is provided between developer agitating members disposed below the developing roll. A developer removing device for removing the developer on the developing sleeve is provided on an upper portion of the partition plate.