Abstract: The battery system includes a secondary battery, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate a polarization overvoltage by subtracting a voltage drop amount caused by a DC resistance and a reactive resistance of the secondary battery determined in accordance with a temperature and an SOC of the secondary battery from a voltage difference between OCV and CCV of the secondary battery.

Abstract: The battery system includes a secondary battery, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate a polarization overvoltage by subtracting a voltage drop amount caused by a DC resistance and a reactive resistance of the secondary battery determined in accordance with a temperature and an SOC of the secondary battery from a voltage difference between OCV and CCV of the secondary battery.

Abstract: A vehicle control device includes: first and second power supplies, and a control unit controlling to, when a remaining capacity difference between the first power supply and the second power supply is large, to reduce a first operating range, in which the connection state with the electrical load is controlled to be series connection state of the power supplies, and increase a second operating range, in which the connection state with the electrical load is controlled to be the parallel connection state of the power supplies or the single connection state of one of the power supplies having a larger remaining capacity, as compared with a case where the remaining capacity difference is small.

Abstract: A power supply of a vehicle includes a first switching element, a second switching element, a third switching element, a first battery, a reactor element, a second battery, a smoothing capacitor, and a controller. When the connection state of the first battery and the second battery is switched from the series connection state to the parallel connection state, the controller is configured to perform a transition control so that a voltage of the smoothing capacitor is decreased to the higher of a voltage of the first battery and a voltage of the second battery, and perform a switching control to turn on the first switching element after a diode of the first switching element is energized.

Abstract: A power supply device of a vehicle includes a negative electrode terminal connected to a first battery; a positive electrode terminal connected to a second battery; a first positive electrode side relay between a first node and the first battery; a first capacitor connected between the first node and a negative line; a first negative electrode side relay between the first battery and the negative line; a first precharge relay and a first resistive element connected in parallel with the first negative electrode side relay; a second positive electrode side relay between a third node and the second battery; a second capacitor between the third node and a second node; a second negative electrode side relay between the second battery and the second node; and a second precharge relay and a second resistive element connected in parallel with the second positive electrode side relay.

Abstract: A vehicle control device includes: first and second power supplies, and a control unit controlling to, when a remaining capacity difference between the first power supply and the second power supply is large, to reduce a first operating range, in which the connection state with the electrical load is controlled to be series connection state of the power supplies, and increase a second operating range, in which the connection state with the electrical load is controlled to be the parallel connection state of the power supplies or the single connection state of one of the power supplies having a larger remaining capacity, as compared with a case where the remaining capacity difference is small.

Abstract: An in-vehicle camera apparatus is provided for use in a vehicle. The in-vehicle camera apparatus includes at least one image capturing unit configured to capture an image of an external environment of the vehicle, at least one housing configured to have the at least one image capturing unit mounted thereto, and a mounting part via which the at least one housing is to be mounted to the vehicle. The mounting part is made of a material having a lower coefficient of linear expansion than the at least one housing. The mounting part has at least one first portion configured to be fixed to the vehicle and a plurality of second portions configured to be fixed to the at least one housing.

Abstract: A power supply of a vehicle includes a first switching element, a second switching element, a third switching element, a first battery, a reactor element, a second battery, a smoothing capacitor, and a controller. When the connection state of the first battery and the second battery is switched from the series connection state to the parallel connection state, the controller is configured to perform a transition control so that a voltage of the smoothing capacitor is decreased to the higher of a voltage of the first battery and a voltage of the second battery, and perform a switching control to turn on the first switching element after a diode of the first switching element is energized.

Abstract: A power supply device of a vehicle includes a negative electrode terminal connected to a first battery; a positive electrode terminal connected to a second battery; a first positive electrode side relay between a first node and the first battery; a first capacitor connected between the first node and a negative line; a first negative electrode side relay between the first battery and the negative line; a first precharge relay and a first resistive element connected in parallel with the first negative electrode side relay; a second positive electrode side relay between a third node and the second battery; a second capacitor between the third node and a second node; a second negative electrode side relay between the second battery and the second node; and a second precharge relay and a second resistive element connected in parallel with the second positive electrode side relay.

Abstract: An electrostatic coating method in which a plurality of coating materials is respectively retained in a plurality of coating-material containers in a coating material cartridge, and the coating materials are changed by a valve at the time of sending of each of the coating materials, in an electrostatic coating device, each of the coating materials is sent from the coating material cartridge to a coating machine via a common path according to the change, and multilayer coating is performed by the electrostatic coating device.

Abstract: An in-vehicle camera apparatus is provided for use in a vehicle. The in-vehicle camera apparatus includes at least one image capturing unit configured to capture an image of an external environment of the vehicle, at least one housing configured to have the at least one image capturing unit mounted thereto, and a mounting part via which the at least one housing is to be mounted to the vehicle. The mounting part is made of a material having a lower coefficient of linear expansion than the at least one housing. The mounting part has at least one first portion configured to be fixed to the vehicle and a plurality of second portions configured to be fixed to the at least one housing.

Abstract: An electrostatic coating method in which a plurality of coating materials is respectively retained in a plurality of coating-material containers in a coating material cartridge, and the coating materials are changed by a valve at the time of sending of each of the coating materials, in an electrostatic coating device, each of the coating materials is sent from the coating material cartridge to a coating machine via a common path according to the change, and multilayer coating is performed by the electrostatic coating device.

Abstract: An electrostatic coating device and an electrostatic coating method each achieve a reduction in working hours and efficient coating at the time when layers are coated with colors. The electrostatic coating device includes a coating material cartridge that includes coating-material containers, a valve that makes a change of colors of coating materials, a common path through which coating materials are able to pass according to the change, and a cleaning circuit that cleans up the common path. The coating material cartridge is configured to be removable from a coating machine. The coating material cartridge may include individual paths respectively connected to the coating-material containers and each of which one of the coating materials passes through, and valves each connected to the common path and respectively connected to the individual paths. Each of the valves may open and close a conduit line between the common path and a corresponding coating-material container.

Abstract: The present invention solves a problem of a trade-off between increases in paint discharge rate and maintenance of painting quality. A rotary atomizing electrostatic applicator includes a bell cup 10 whose back 10a is hit by atomization air SA-IN at an angle of 90 degrees or less; and first air holes 30 adapted to discharge the atomization air SA-IN directed at the back 10a of the bell cup, wherein the first air holes 30 are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference centered around a rotation axis of the bell cup 10, the first air holes 30 are oriented in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the bell cup 10; and the atomization air SA-IN discharged through the first air holes 30 is twisted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the bell cup 10 at an angle of 50 degrees or more and less than 60 degrees.

Abstract: A coating material filling and discharging device includes a coating material supply part configured to supply a coating material to a coating material storage bag arranged inside a case of a coating material cartridge, an extrusion liquid supply part configured to supply extrusion liquid to a surrounding region outside the coating material storage bag within the case, and store the extrusion liquid discharged from the case, an extrusion liquid route that connects an extrusion liquid supply part and the surrounding region with each other, a flowmeter provided in the extrusion liquid route, and a control part configured to determine whether or not filling of the coating material in the coating material cartridge is completed based on a drop of flow speed of the extrusion liquid.

Abstract: A coating material filling and discharging device includes a coating material supply part configured to supply a coating material to a coating material storage bag arranged inside a case of a coating material cartridge, an extrusion liquid supply part configured to supply extrusion liquid to a surrounding region outside the coating material storage bag within the case, and store the extrusion liquid discharged from the case, an extrusion liquid route that connects an extrusion liquid supply part and the surrounding region with each other, a flowmeter provided in the extrusion liquid route, and a control part configured to determine whether or not filling of the coating material in the coating material cartridge is completed based on a drop of flow speed of the extrusion liquid.

Abstract: The present invention solves a problem of a trade-off between increases in paint discharge rate and maintenance of painting quality. A rotary atomizing electrostatic applicator includes a bell cup 10 whose back 10a is hit by atomization air SA-IN at an angle of 90 degrees or less; and first air holes 30 adapted to discharge the atomization air SA-IN directed at the back 10a of the bell cup, wherein the first air holes 30 are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference centered around a rotation axis of the bell cup 10, the first air holes 30 are oriented in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the bell cup 10; and the atomization air SA-IN discharged through the first air holes 30 is twisted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the bell cup 10 at an angle of 50 degrees or more and less than 60 degrees.

Abstract: An electrostatic coating device and an electrostatic coating method each achieve a reduction in working hours and efficient coating at the time when layers are coated with colors. The electrostatic coating device includes a coating material cartridge that includes coating-material containers, a valve that makes a change of colors of coating materials, a common path through which coating materials are able to pass according to the change, and a cleaning circuit that cleans up the common path. The coating material cartridge is configured to be removable from a coating machine. The coating material cartridge may include individual paths respectively connected to the coating-material containers and each of which one of the coating materials passes through, and valves each connected to the common path and respectively connected to the individual paths. Each of the valves may open and close a conduit line between the common path and a corresponding coating-material container.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes an engine that is mounted on a vehicle body via an engine mount, and outputs power to a drive shaft coupled to an axle; a motor that outputs power to the drive shaft; a battery that supplies electric power to the motor; and a control unit configured to start the engine when a torque of the drive shaft becomes equal to or larger than a start threshold value while the vehicle travels with the engine stopped, the start threshold value being set such that the start threshold value is equal to or smaller than a rated corresponding torque and a difference between the start threshold value and the rated corresponding torque tends to increase as a rotational speed of the drive shaft decreases, and the rated corresponding torque being a torque of the drive shaft corresponding to a rated maximum torque of the motor.