Abstract: The present disclosure relates to positive-electrode pre-lithiation agents. One example positive-electrode pre-lithiation agent includes a catalyst and a lithium-rich material, where the catalyst is an oxide positive-electrode active material, an intensity ratio of a crystal plane diffraction peak of the catalyst to a crystal plane diffraction peak of the catalyst is less than or equal to 2, the catalyst is configured to catalyze the lithium-rich material to decompose to release active lithium, and the lithium-rich material includes at least one of lithium oxide, lithium peroxide, lithium fluoride, lithium carbonate, lithium oxalate, or lithium acetate.