Abstract: A substrate processing device includes a processing tank including a first region, a second region, and a third region, wherein a plurality of substrates are housed in the first region and arranged in a first direction with their faces oriented in an approximately horizontal direction such that a processing of the substrates using a processing solution is carried out, the second region is provided in a vicinity of the first region, and the third region is provided such that the processing solution can move between the first region and the second region; a moving body disposed in the second region of the processing tank and configured to move such that a flow of the processing solution occurs; and a movement mechanism configured to move the moving body.

Abstract: A changeover switch for changing over a power source for supplying power to a load system includes a load between a 1st power supply system and a 2nd power supply system. The changeover switch includes: a 1st side terminal to which power from the 1st power supply system is input; a 2nd side terminal to which power from the 2nd power supply system is input; and a load side terminal for outputting to a load system power from the 1st power supply system that is input to the 1st side terminal, or power from the 2nd power supply system that is input to the 2nd side terminal, in which areas in which the 1st side terminal, the 2nd side terminal, and the load side terminal are respectively disposed are set at different locations from each other in a front view.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus of an embodiment includes: a processing tank that stores a processing solution and houses a plurality of substrates that are to be processed with the processing solution, with the substrates being arranged in a predetermined direction; an inner wall provided in the processing tank to cover at least a partial portion of a substrate surface located at one end in terms of the arrangement direction of the substrates and at least partial portions of side surfaces, of the substrates, that line up along the arrangement direction, with a space where the processing solution flows being present between the inner wall and a bottom surface of the processing tank; and a processing solution nozzle provided at a position that is in the processing tank and outside the inner wall and opening in a manner to cause an upward flow to be formed inside the inner wall.

Abstract: A substrate processing device according to the present embodiment includes a processing tank configured to be capable of accumulating a liquid. A conveyer can array a plurality of semiconductor substrates in such a manner that front surfaces of the semiconductor substrates face a substantially horizontal direction, and transport the semiconductor substrates into the processing tank. A plurality of liquid suppliers can supply the liquid toward an inside of the processing tank from a lower portion of the processing tank. A plurality of current plates are arranged on at least either one end side or the other end side of an array of the semiconductor substrates. The current plates are provided in a first gap region above the semiconductor substrates in gaps between the conveyer and a sidewall of the processing tank on both sides of the conveyer as viewed from an array direction of the semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: A substrate processing device according to the present embodiment includes a processing tank configured to be capable of accumulating a liquid. A conveyer can array a plurality of semiconductor substrates in such a manner that front surfaces of the semiconductor substrates face a substantially horizontal direction, and transport the semiconductor substrates into the processing tank. A plurality of liquid suppliers can supply the liquid toward an inside of the processing tank from a lower portion of the processing tank. A plurality of current plates are arranged on at least either one end side or the other end side of an array of the semiconductor substrates. The current plates are provided in a first gap region above the semiconductor substrates in gaps between the conveyer and a sidewall of the processing tank on both sides of the conveyer as viewed from an array direction of the semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: The molecular weight distribution of carboxymethylcellulose or its salt is determined by gel permeation chromatography using a metal-amine complex and/or a metal-alkali complex as the mobile phase solvent. The column geometry (inside diameter/length) and flow rate for this determination are 1:40-100 and 0.2-0.5 ml/min., respectively. According to this method, the GPC determination of molecular weight distribution can be performed under the same conditions for both starting pulp and CMC.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method of purifying a high HLB sugar fatty acid ester without using any solvent and giving it as a powdery form, in which a crude sugar ester is neutralized in pH value, and added with water, a neutral salt and sugar to give a sediment; this sediment is washed with acidic water; the washed water containing the high HLB sugar fatty acid ester at higher concentration is added with a fatty acid to separate a deposition; and this deposition is neutralized and spray dried.

Abstract: A process for recovering, in a purified form, sucrose fatty acid esters having a high HLB included in a reaction mixture formed by a reaction of sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in an organic solvent as reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst, which comprises adjusting the reaction mixture from which a part of the organic solvent may be previously removed and to which water is added to form an aqueous solution, to a neutral pH region, adding a neutral salt and sucrose to the solution to precipitate the sucrose fatty acid esters, separating and washing the precipitate with an acidic water, and subjecting the washing liquid to ultrafiltration. The concentrate obtained by ultrafiltration may be spray-dried to form a dry powder of the sucrose esters having high HLB, and the liquid obtained by separating the precipitate may be contacted with a reverse osmosis membrane to recover sucrose.

Abstract: A process for purifying sucrose fatty acid esters included in a reaction mixture formed by a reaction of sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in an organic solvent as reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst, which comprises adjusting the reaction mixture from which a part of the organic solvent as reaction medium may be previously removed and to which water is added to form an aqueous solution, to a neutral pH region, adding a neutral salt and sucrose to the solution to precipitate the sucrose fatty acid ester, filtering off the precipitate, and washing the precipitate with an acidic water. The washed precipitate in the form of slurry is spray-dried to form a dry powder, and the filtrate is contacted with a reverse osmosis membrane to recover sucrose. According to the invention, purified sucrose fatty acid esters can be obtained from the reaction mixture without using an organic solvent as purification solvent, while sucrose can be recovered in high yield.

Abstract: From a reaction mixture obtained by reaction of sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in the presence of a catalyst, a purified sucrose fatty acid ester is prepared without using organic solvents for purification by adding water to the reaction mixture and subjecting the resulting aqueous solution to ultrafiltration, thereby removing the unreacted sucrose, the catalyst or a salt derived from the catalyst, and the volatile component used as the reaction medium together with water. A powder of the purified sucrose fatty acid ester is easily, economically and safely prepared by subjecting the aqueous solution remaining in the ultrafiltration to reverse osmosis and spray-drying the resulting concentrate.

Abstract: A process for continuously and stably preparing an acrylic polymer of a high quality in a high conversion and a high productivity which comprises continuously feeding a synthetic resin film onto a moving support, continuously feeding a monomer or a monomer solution onto the synthetic resin film on the moving support in the form of a thin layer, irradiating a light energy to the thin layer, continuously feeding another synthetic resin film over the thin layer and bringing it into close contact with the thin layer when the thin layer has become substantially nonflowable state, and continuing the irradiation of light energy to produce the polymer.

Abstract: A process for recovering unreacted sucrose from a reaction mixture of sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in an organic solvent as reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst in the production of a sucrose fatty acid ester which comprises adjusting the reaction mixture from which a part of the organic solvent as reaction medium may be previously removed and to which water is added, to a neutral pH region, adding a neutral salt and sucrose to the reaction mixture to precipitate the sucrose fatty acid ester, filtering off the precipitate, and bringing the filtrate into contact with a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the unreacted sucrose. According to the invention, unreacted sucrose can be easily recovered, while the sucrose fatty acid ester not contaminated with the organic solvent as reaction medium can be obtained from the reaction mixture without using an organic solvent for purification.

Abstract: A process for preparing sucrose fatty acid esters by reacting sucrose and a fatty acid alkyl ester in an aqueous reaction system in the presence of a catalyst, adding water to the reaction mixture to dissolve it, adjusting the reaction mixture to a neutral ph region, adding a neutral salt to the solution to precipitate the sucrose fatty acid esters, separating and washing the precipitate with an acidic water, and subjecting the washing liquid to ultrafiltration. The precipitate washed with the acidic water is spray-dried in the form of an aqueous slurry to give a dry powder of the sucrose esters having low HLB, and the concentrate obtained by ultrafiltration is spray-dried to form a dry powder of the sucrose esters having high HLB, and the liquid obtained by separating the precipitate is contacted with a reverse osmosis membrane to recover sucrose. According to the invention, purifed sucrose fatty acid esters can be obtained without using an organic solvent, while sucrose can be recovered in high yield.

Abstract: A process for preparing particulate water-soluble cationic acrylic polymers having a high molecular weight, an excellent water solubility and a uniform particle size with a good productivity by adding a combined photoinitiator system of an azoguanyl compound and other usual photoinitiator to an aqueous monomer solution containing a cationic vinyl monomer, irradiating the aqueous monomer solution in the form of a thin layer on a moving support with ultraviolet rays in at least two stages, and finely dividing the produced aqueous polymer gel in a wet state by a roller cutter and then by a vertical cutter.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing particles of polymer gel prepared by polymerizing an aqueous solution of water-soluble vinyl monomers which comprises breaking the polymer gel into particles with a breaker device wherein the gel is cut into strips by a pair of rollers having a plurality of annular projections or grooves on their surfaces, the rollers rotating in an opposite direction to each other to engage each other and cut off the gel fed between the rollers, and the strips are then cut into particles by a combination of a fixed cutting blade and a rotating cutting blade. The obtained gel particles are further pulverized into fine round or particles spherical in a vertical type cutter comprising at least one vertically fixed cutting blade and a rotary cutting blade arranged rotatably and vertically, a clearance being provided between an edge of the rotary cutting blade and an edge of the fixed blade.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a water-soluble polymer having an excellent water solubility and a high molecular weight, which comprises subjecting a thin layer of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble vinyl monomer to polymerization on a solid support, covering the thin layer with a substantially water-insoluble organic material, e.g. a paraffin, a silicone oil or a low molecular polyethylene, and/or a slightly water-soluble or substantially water-insoluble alkylene oxide adduct at least at a point of time when the aqueous monomer solution has not freely flowed, and further continuing the polymerization.

Abstract: A process for preparing particulate water-soluble acrylic polymers, e.g. acrylamide or methacrylamide polymers and cationic acrylic polymers, having a high molecular weight, an excellent water solubility and a uniform particle size with a good productivity, which comprises:(a) adding at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of a non-ionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant to an at least 20% by weight aqueous solution of a vinyl monomer in an amount of 0.001 to 1% by weight based on the monomer.(b) adjusting the dissolved oxygen in the aqueous monomer solution to at most 1 mg/liter,(c) admixing the aqueous monomer solution with at most 0.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a sticky water-soluble polymer, e.g. acrylamide polymers and acrylic acid polymers, which comprises polymerizing an aqueous solution of a monomer in a polymerization vessel of which the surface contacting the aqueous monomer solution is covered with a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film, whereby the stickiness of the produced polymer to the vessel is remarkably decreased, namely the peelability of the polymer from the vessel is remarkably improved, and moreover the polymerization conversion is remarkably improved. Also, the use of a metal deposited tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film as a covering material improves the efficiency of a photopolymerization and enables to use a polymerization vessel made of an inexpensive material.