Abstract: IgM derivatives into which acyl groups expressed by the following formula (I) are introduced to make their anticomplement activity weak by acylating the free amino groups existing in IgM up to 1-90% (acylation percentage)--COR (I)where R indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a carboxylated alkyl group expressed by --(CH.sub.2)mCOOH (m is 2 or 3) or --CH.dbd.CHCOOH.These IgM derivatives can be used for making immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous injection use.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of immunogammaglobulin derivatives that can be administered by intravenous injection because of their reduced anticomplement activity level in which the reaction of human immunogammaglobulin with a compound capable of forming trithionate ion and another compound capable of forming sulfite ion in water is carried out in water to cleave the interchain disulfide bonds in said immunogammaglobulin and simultaneously the sulfur atoms cleaved are S-sulfonated.

Abstract: 1,3-Dicarbonyl compounds useful as medicines, agricultural chemicals, perfumes, and their intermediates are prepared by reacting a specific .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compound with a specific organic copper lithium compound in the presence of an aprotic inert organic solvent, and then reacting the reaction product with an organic carboxylic acid halide or anhydride. In particular, novel 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclopentan-1-ones and 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclohexan-1-ones having important physiological activities are provided.

Abstract: Novel optically active compounds of 4-protected hydroxy-cyclopent-2-en-1-ones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a splittable protective group for an alcoholic hydroxyl group, and a process for preparing the 4-protected hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-ones by oxidizing monohydroxy-protected derivatives of cyclopent-1-ene-3,5-diol expressed by the following formula ##STR2## wherein R is the same as defined above. Optically active 4-hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-one which is an optically active isomer of the compound of formula (2); or optically active cyclopent-1-en-3,5-diol (R-isomer) and a novel diacyl derivative of the diol, a novel monoacylmonosilyl-derivative of the diol and a novel monoacylmonotetrahydropyranol-derivative of the diol, which are intermediates for the protective derivative of formula (1). Processes are also provided for preparing the protective derivatives of formula (1) by converting these intermediates by esterification, hydrolysis, enzymatic processes, etc.

Abstract: 1,3-Dicarbonyl compounds useful as medicines, agricultural chemicals, perfumes, and their intermediates are prepared by reacting a specific .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compound with a specific organic copper lithium compound in the presence of an aprotic inert organic solvent, and then reacting the reaction product with an organic carboxylic acid halide or anhydride. In particular, novel 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclopentan-1-ones and 2-acyl-3-substituted cyclohexan-1-ones having important physiological activities are provided.

Abstract: New optically active cyclopentene-diol and the mono- or diacyl esters thereof and a process for converting a diacyl ester of cyclopent-1-en-3,5-diol to its monoacyl ester and/or its diol which comprises subjecting a diacyl ester of cyclopent-1-en-3,5-diol containing at least one of the optically active or inactive diacyl ester of trans-cyclopent-1-en-3,5-diol (trans-isomer) and diacyl esters of cis-cyclopent-1-en-3,5-diol (cis-isomer), to the action of a microorganism or enzyme having at least a selectivity in its rates of hydrolyzing the acyloxy group (R) configuration and the acyloxy group (S) configuration of said diacyl ester. These new compounds are valuable as starting materials for the preparation of prostaglandin or its analogues.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,4-diacetoxycyclopent-2-ene, which comprises contacting a solution of 1,4-dibromocyclopent-2-ene in an inert organic solvent which is slightly soluble or insoluble in water, with an aqueous solution or suspension of at least one metal salt of acetic acid which is at least partially water-soluble, in the presence of a cationic surface-active compound.