Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic compound represented by the following [Formula 1], and a high-efficiency and long-lifetime organic light emitting device enabling significantly improved low voltage driving and having long lifetime, excellent luminous efficiency and the like by employing the same as a light emitting layer host material in the device.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided. The semiconductor memory device includes a first bit line extending in a first direction on a substrate, a word line on the first bit line, and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a first channel pattern between the first bit line and the word line, and extending along a first side wall of the word line and a first contact pattern on the first channel pattern, wherein in a cross-sectional view taken along the first channel pattern in the second direction, the first contact pattern includes a connecting part on the first channel pattern, and a protruding part which is connected to the connecting part, and extends along a side wall of the first channel pattern.

Abstract: A wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed where colors of a wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer change by a surrounding or human body temperature so information concerning surrounding temperature or human body health state is provided, and a user does not feel tedious about colors of a wallpaper. The manufacturing method of a wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer comprises forming a wallpaper substrate; forming at least one plane heater on the wallpaper substrate; forming at least one thermochromic material layer on the wallpaper substrate or the plane heater; forming at least one protection layer on the wallpaper substrate so that the thermochromic material layer and the plane heater are substantially covered; and forming a power supply and control means on the wallpaper substrate for supplying power to the plane heater and controlling temperature.

Abstract: A wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed where colors of a wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer change by a surrounding or human body temperature so information concerning surrounding temperature or human body health state is provided, and a user does not feel tedious about colors of a wallpaper. The manufacturing method of a wallpaper having a thermochromic material layer comprises forming a wallpaper substrate; forming at least one plane heater on the wallpaper substrate; forming at least one thermochromic material layer on the wallpaper substrate or the plane heater; forming at least one protection layer on the wallpaper substrate so that the thermochromic material layer and the plane heater are substantially covered; and forming a power supply and control means on the wallpaper substrate for supplying power to the plane heater and controlling temperature.

Abstract: A filter housing assembly for refrigerators is disclosed. The assembly comprises an upper filter housing, a lower filter housing, a valve, and a passage control lever. The upper filter housing has an inlet, an outlet, an inflow passage and an outflow passage. The lower filter passage is detachably combined with the upper filter housing and holds a filter element for purifying water supplied through the inflow passage of the upper filter housing. The valve has a first passage hole, a second passage hole and a third passage hole so as to selectively connect the inlet to the outlet, and the inlet and the outlet respectively to the first inflow passage and the first outflow passage. The passage control lever is fixedly connected at its one end to the valve so as to rotate the valve for the selective connection of the valve.

Abstract: A cooling air supplying structure for a refrigerator having shelves is disclosed. The cooling air supplying structure comprises a cooling air supplying duct, a plurality of shelf channels and a plurality of shelves. The cooling air supplying duct serves to supply cooling air to upper and lower portions of a refrigerator compartment of the refrigerator and is vertically mounted behind the refrigerator compartment. Each of the shelf channels has a plurality of engagement slits, and at least one of the shelf channels is mounted to the cooling air supplying duct. The shelves are respectively secured to the shelf channels.

Abstract: A method for controlling the purified water passage of a refrigerator with a water purifying filter is disclosed. The refrigerator has a first valve for controlling water supply to the water purifying filter and a second valve for controlling water supply to a dispenser and an ice-making unit. The method comprises the following steps. A first step is determining whether the dispenser and the ice-making unit are operated. A second step is opening the first and second valves if the dispenser and the ice-making unit are operated. A third step is determining whether a refrigerator compartment door and a freezer compartment door are closed if one of the dispenser and the ice-making unit is operated. A fourth step is closing the first and second valves if at least one of the refrigerator compartment door and the freezer compartment door is opened. A fifth step is closing the first and second valves if the dispenser and the ice-making unit are not operated.