Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for map reduce. In some embodiments, an exemplary processing unit includes: a 2-dimensional (2D) processing element (PE) array comprising a plurality of PEs, each PE comprising a first input and a second input, the first inputs of the PEs in a linear array in a first dimension of the PE array being connected in series and the second inputs of the PEs in a linear array in a second dimension of the PE array being connected in parallel, each PE being configured to perform an operation on data from the first input or second input; and a plurality of reduce tree units, each reduce tree unit being coupled with the PEs in a linear array in the first dimension or the second dimension of the PE array and configured to perform a first reduction operation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for processing video content. The method can include: receiving raw video data of a video; determining a texture complexity for the video based on the raw video data; determining an encoding mode for the raw video data based on the texture complexity; and encoding the raw video data using the determined encoding mode.

Abstract: A method for of encoding an application screen comprises partitioning graphic data into a plurality of graphic layers and classifying each of the plurality of graphic layers as either a screen content (SC) or a non-screen content (non-SC) layer. The method further comprises classifying each of the plurality of graphic layers as either a screen content (SC) or a non-screen content (non-SC) layer. Further, the method comprises rendering and encoding the one or more SC layers using a first codec and the one or more non-SC layers using a second codec.

Abstract: Transcoding bitrate prediction techniques can include receiving a first encoded content. A transcoder bitrate can be estimated based on regression over a video quality estimator of the first encoded content and a second encoded content. The estimated transcoder bitrate can be utilized to transcoding the first encoded content into the second encoded.

Abstract: A MALDI ion source for tandem mass spectrometers includes a pulsed energy source that generates a pulse of ions from a sample on a sample plate. An ion accelerator includes an input that receives the pulse of ions from the pulsed energy source and generates an electric field that accelerates the pulse of ions. An ion decelerator that generates an electric field that is a mirror image of the electric field generated by the ion accelerator that accelerates the pulse of ions so that the ion decelerator decelerates the accelerated pulse of ions and transmits the decelerated pulse of ions through an exit aperture.

Abstract: A video processing unit can include a non-object-based region-of-interest detection neural network, a threshold selection module and a region-of-interest map generator. The non-object-based region-of-interest detection neural network can be configured to receive a video frame and generate a plurality of candidate non-object-based region-of-interest blocks. The threshold selection module can be configured to receive the plurality of candidate non-object-based region-of-interest blocks and identify a plurality of selected region-of-interest blocks based on a predetermined threshold. The region-of-interest map generator can be configured to receive the selected non-object-based region-of-interest blocks and generate a region-of-interest map.

Abstract: Video coding techniques including differential bit rate or quality coding of one or more regions of interest and one or more non-regions of interest based on information including one or more of coordinates of the one or more regions of interest, a target complexity, residual encoder bit data, a requested quality, a difference between the current video data frame and a reconstructed video data frame, a target quality, a requested bit rate, frame target bit allocation and an as encoded bit rate.

Abstract: The systems and methods are configured to efficiently and effectively determine or find an estimated optimal encoding parameter set. In one embodiment, a video encoding parameter set estimation method comprises: performing an offline encoding parameter set characteristic prediction process that determines an estimate of a candidate encoding parameter set characteristic; and performing an encoding parameter set search process that identifies a predicted or estimated optimal video encoding parameter set. The encoding parameter set search process can include applying a constraint to the candidate encoding parameter set characteristic; and determining if candidate encoding parameter set meets an objective, wherein the determining is performed if the constraint is satisfied. The candidate encoding parameter set characteristic can be an estimated encoding time of the candidate encoding parameter set. The objective can be the best video quality out of a plurality of candidate encoding parameter sets.

Abstract: A MALDI ion source for tandem mass spectrometers includes a pulsed energy source that generates a pulse of ions from a sample on a sample plate. An ion accelerator includes an input that receives the pulse of ions from the pulsed energy source and generates an electric field that accelerates the pulse of ions. An ion decelerator that generates an electric field that is a mirror image of the electric field generated by the ion accelerator that accelerates the pulse of ions so that the ion decelerator decelerates the accelerated pulse of ions and transmits the decelerated pulse of ions through an exit aperture.

Abstract: A technique includes modifying a neural network model to sparsify the model. The model includes a plurality of kernel element weights, which are parameterized according to a plurality of dimensions. Modifying the model includes, in a given iteration of the plurality of iterations, training the model based on a structure regularization in which kernel element weights that share a dimension in common are removed as a group to create corresponding zero kernel elements in the model; and compressing the model to exclude zero kernel element weights from the model to prepare the model to be trained in another iteration.

Abstract: A pegylated artesunate derivative, a pharmaceutical composition and uses thereof, the pegylated artesunate derivative is represented by the general formula (I): The pegylated artesunate derivative has activity comparable to that of artesunate, increased water solubility and stability, and an extended half-life in vivo.

Abstract: A pegylated artesunate derivative, a pharmaceutical composition and uses thereof, the pegylated artesunate derivative is represented by the general formula (I): The pegylated artesunate derivative has activity comparable to that of artesunate, increased water solubility and stability, and an extended half-life in vivo.

Abstract: Disclosed are PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs and uses thereof. In particular, disclosed are PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs as shown in formula (I), i.e., PEG-M-X-(Ex-4), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as well as Exendin-4 analogs as shown in formula (II), i.e., [Aap]Exendin-4, wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification. Further disclosed are methods for preparing PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, uses of PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, compositions comprising the same, as well as use of the Exendin-4 analogs in the preparation of the PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs. In the PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, modification by polyethylene glycol occurs in a site-directed manner in the peptide chains of the Exendin-4 analogs. The PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs can be used to prevent and/or treat diseases and/or symptoms related to decreased activity of GLP-1 receptors, such as type II diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed are PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs and uses thereof. In particular, disclosed are PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs as shown in formula (I), i.e., PEG-M-X-(Ex-4), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as well as Exendin-4 analogs as shown in formula (II), i.e., [Aap]Exendin-4, wherein the symbols are as defined in the specification. Further disclosed are methods for preparing PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, uses of PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, compositions comprising the same, as well as use of the Exendin-4 analogs in the preparation of the PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs. In the PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs, modification by polyethylene glycol occurs in a site-directed manner in the peptide chains of the Exendin-4 analogs. The PEG-modified Exendin-4 analogs can be used to prevent and/or treat diseases and/or symptoms related to decreased activity of GLP-1 receptors, such as type II diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed are an injectable sustained-release pharmaceutical formulation and a process for preparing the same. In some embodiments, the formulation comprises an active ingredient in a therapeutically effective amount, an amphipathic molecule, an organic acid and/or a salt thereof which is hardly soluble in water, and an oily solvent. The injectable sustained-release pharmaceutical formulation provides a good sustained-release effect for various active ingredients, in particular peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and saccharides.