Abstract: A method of identifying a topic of a text. Text is received. Then, the nouns in the text are identified. The singular form of each identified noun is determined. Combinations are created of the singular form of the identified nouns, where the number of singular forms of the nouns in the combinations is user-definable. The frequency of occurrence in the text of each noun that corresponds to its singular form is determined. Each frequency of occurrence is assigned as a score to its corresponding singular form noun. Each combination of singular form nouns is assigned a score that is equal to the sum of the scores of its constituent singular form nouns. The user-definable number of top scoring singular form nouns and combinations of singular form nouns are selected as the topic of the text.

Abstract: Polymeric foam compositions, useful as insulating material are obtained from the reaction of polymaleic anhydride with a hydroxyl-containing compound like ethylene glycol or its derivatives, in the presence of an organic isocyanate. Hydroxyl-containing compounds suitable for reaction with polymaleic anhydride include C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 diols, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 trilos, C.sub.4 -C.sub.5 tetraols and their derivatives.

Abstract: An organic solvent system, for use in solvent extraction of wet process phosphoric acid, is a mixture of an organic phosphate ester and an essentially water-immiscible organic ketone or alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing nonionic glycidol-derived surfactants. Specifically C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 n-alkyl glyceryl ether alcohols containing from 1 to about 10 glyceryl units, are prepared by reacting crude glycidol and a C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 n-alkyl alcohol in the presence of a non-polar, non-reactive miscible solvent.

Abstract: Salts of dihalogenated isocyanurates are prepared by reacting amino substituted triazines with at least stoichiometric amounts of a halogen containing compound at a temperature of 35.degree. to 70.degree. C. and at a pH value of 6.5 to 11.0 until all of the available sites on the triazine molecule are N-halogenated and N, N-dihalogenated exocyclic nitrogen is removed.

Abstract: Novel sulfate salts of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl glyceryl ether alcohols, useful as biodegradable surfactants in detergent compositions, are prepared by reacting a stoichiometric excess of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl alcohol with glycidol predissolved in hexyl acetate, to selectively produce C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl glyceryl ether alcohols containing 1-3 glyceryl units, sulfating said ether alcohols, and neutralizing the sulfates with base.

Abstract: Excess water, both crystalline and non-crystalline, is removed safely and rapidly from active chlorine compounds by applying electromagnetic energy with frequencies lower than infrared to vaporize the excess water.

Abstract: Novel sulfate salts of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl glyceryl ether alcohols, useful as biodegradable surfactants in detergent compositions, are prepared by reacting a stoichiometric excess of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl alcohol with glycidol predissolved in hexyl acetate, to selectively produce C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 linear alkyl glyceryl ether alcohols containing 1-3 glyceryl units, sulfating said ether alcohols, and neutralizing the sulfates with base.

Abstract: Alkali metal dichloroisocyanurates are instantly and quantitatively prepared by reacting cyanuric acid with an alkali metal hypochlorite in an aqueous reaction medium having a cyanuric acid to alkali metal hypochlorite mole ratio of 1:2.0 to 2.2, a pH value of 6.5 to 11.0 and a temperature from 10.degree. C. to 55.degree. C.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acids are prepared by the oxidation of a fatty acid with an excess of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a strong acid catalyst. The yield is improved and the reaction time is reduced by intimately dispersing throughout the reaction mixture an inert water immiscible solvent for the peroxycarboxylic acid. The product may be recovered in crystalline form from the solvent phase.

Abstract: Saturated C.sub.6 -C.sub.16 aliphatic diperoxydicarboxylic acids are prepared in a safe and efficient manner by reacting a selected corresponding dicarboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide in a phosphoric acid reaction medium at a temperature within the range of from about 20.degree. to about 70.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel composition of matter having the formula: ##STR1## and process for making the same by chlorinating ammelide in an aqueous reaction medium.

Abstract: Novel hydrated, potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds and mixtures thereof are described together with processes for preparing the same. The novel compounds of this invention, namely, [(mono-trichloro,) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro,)] penta-isocyanurate tetrahydrate, and hydrated (mono-trichloro,) (monopotassium dichloro,) di-isocyanurate and mixtures thereof, are prepared by reacting in a substantially dry state trichloroisocyanuric acid and potassium dichloroisocyanurate monohydrate, the reaction products being determined by the molecular ratio of the starting materials. These novel compounds are resistant to burning, will not undergo self-propagating decomposition when subjected to a source of intense heat, as for example a hot wire, and are useful as a source of available chlorine in, for example bleaching, sterilizing, oxidizing and disinfecting operations.

Abstract: Preparing a crystalline [(mono-trichloro) tetra(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate by reacting an unsubstituted or amino substituted triazine with at least stoichiometric amounts of potassium hypochlorite in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 35.degree. to 70.degree. C and at a pH value of 3.2 to 5.7 for less than about five minutes.

Abstract: Continuous process for producing carbon bisulfide by reaction of sulfur and hydrocarbon. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a sulfur stream and the hot reaction mixture is moved vertically from the zone of introduction and/or the streams are fed countercurrent to impinge on each other.

Abstract: Continuous process for producing carbon bisulfide by reaction of sulfur and hydrocarbon gas containing a multi-carbon hydrocarbon having at least three carbon atoms at a pressure in the range of 3.5 to 12 atmospheres. A stream of sulfur at a temperature of at least 650.degree. C and a stream of the hydrocarbon gas are fed into a reaction zone continuously. The temperatures and rates of flow of said vapor and gas are such that the calculated mixing temperature thereof is in the range of about 585 to 700.degree. C., and the flow conditions and mixing conditions of said gas and vapor streams are such that the hydrocarbon gas become substantially completely mixed with the sulfur vapor before the hydrocarbon comes into contact with a wall of the reaction zone.

Abstract: Process for purifying crude cyanuric acid whereby crude cyanuric acid is digested with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution containing about 10 to about 85% phosphoric acid at a temperature of about 180.degree. to about 220.degree. C under at least the autogenously developed pressure to digest the crude cyanuric acid. A novel, large, free-flowing cyanuric acid product is recovered free of any hard cement-like masses.

Abstract: Process for purifying crude cyanuric acid whereby crude cyanuric acid is digested with a mono-substituted salt of a dibasic or tribasic inorganic acid at a temperature of about 160.degree. C to about 220.degree. C under at least the autogenously developed pressure to digest the crude cyanuric acid. A novel, large, free-flowing cyanuric acid product is recovered free of any hard cement-like masses.

Abstract: Process for purifying crude cyanuric acid whereby crude cyanuric acid is digested with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution containing about 10% to about 85% phosphoric acid at a temperature of about 180.degree. C to about 220.degree. C under at least the autogenously developed pressure to digest the crude cyanuric acid. A novel, large, free-flowing cyanuric acid product is recovered free of any hard cement-like masses.

Abstract: A high pressure thermal hydrolysis process is described which comprises heating acid waste streams resulting from the manufacture of cyanuric acid and chlorinated derivatives of cyanuric acid, containing cyanuric acid and amino-substituted cyanurates, in a pressure vessel, at a temperature of from about 225.degree. to about 275.degree. C, to effect decomposition of these materials into ammonia and carbon dioxide. This process provides an effective pollution control means, compatible with existing commercial facilities.