Abstract: Highly conducting polyaniline is produced in situ in a tantalum capacitor by subjecting an excess of monomeric aniline to a solution having a low concentration of ammonium persulfate reagent. The monomer is oxidized by the reagent in preference to the polymer, so that the presence of excess monomer protects the polymer as it is produced against further oxidation to a less conductive species.

Abstract: A phthalate electrolyte containing benzil provides aluminum electrolytic capacitors having low equivalent series resistance and low rates of change in equivalent series resistance with time on voltage.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor employs an electrolyte having amic acid salts prepared in situ in the electrolyte by reacting a cyclic anhydride with ammonia or an amine in an aprotic solvent acting as an acceptor in hydrogen bonding and thereafter adding glycol.

Abstract: Dried emulsion of precursors for ceramic additives are added to paints containing fine particle ceramic materials for use in ceramic capacitors. The precursors are converted into the desired additives in the paints during the sintering of the capacitor bodies.

Abstract: A filtered solution of barium hydroxide octahydrate reacted with an aqueous solution of boric acid to provide hydrated .gamma. barium borate having a barium to boron ratio of 1:2 and having fine particle size. The hydrated .gamma. barium borate was converted to the anhydrous .gamma. form at about 300.degree. to 400.degree. C. Further heating to about 600.degree. to 800.degree. C. converted the product to .beta.-BaB.sub.2 O.sub.4. The conversion to the .beta.-form is preferably during sintering of a ceramic dielectric composition to which the .gamma.-BaB.sub.2 O.sub.4 has been added as a flux.

Abstract: Water soluble precursors of ceramic compounds are emulsified in an organic fluid containing an organic surfactant. The emulsion is subsequently mildly heated at a pressure of about 0.05 atmospheres to remove the free water from the emulsion droplets. The resulting sludge consists of particles deriving from the dehydrated emulsion droplets. These particles may only be bound by the surfactant, all or most of the original organic fluid having been boiling off under low pressure. This sludge is then heated in a standard air atmosphere to char the surfactant, which char is to maintain the separation between the dried droplet-derived particles to prevent forming sintered or fused agglomerates thereof. With continued heating the transient char is subsequently burned off and the particles are calcined to controllably and simply produce a fine ceramic powder of spherical particles having a narrow size distribution and an average size in the particularly useful range of 0.1 micron to 1.0 micron.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor has a wound foil section with cellulosic spacer material, interleaved between and contiguously wound with the foils, loaded with 1 to 6 wt % of a synthetic hydrotalcite. The spacer material may be Manila, Kraft or Benares paper.

Abstract: In an aluminum foil electrolytic capacitor, the anode foil bears both a layer of hydrous aluminum oxide and a layer of barrier dielectric oxide and is in contact with an electrolyte containing as additives up to 5 wt % depolarizer and sufficient soluble phosphate salt to restore the desired anodization voltage.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor has a capacitor section of two aluminum electrode foils, at least one of which bears a barrier layer anodic oxide, wound with interleaved spacer material in contact with an electrolyte containing a phosphate salt, the cation of which is compatible with the cation of the electrolyte solute to prevent precipitation of a phosphate.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor capable of operation at 150 VDC or higher and 105.degree. C. contains as its electrolyte a diisopropylamine or a triethylamine mono salt of azelaic acid dissolved in a solvent mixture of ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol and N-methylpyrrolidinone, ethylene glycol N-methylpyrrolidinone and dimethylformamide, butyrolactone, or butyrolactone and N-methylpyrrolidinone, all containing small amounts of water.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor contains as electrolyte 79-95 wt. % of an azeotrope of acetic or propionic acid and triethylamine or tri-n-propylamine, 5-20 wt. % water, and up to 1 wt. % phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A high-temperature aluminum electrolytic capacitor contains an electrolyte of a salt of tert.butylamine and adipic acid in a 1.3 to 2.0 amine:acid molar ratio, a phosphate salt, and water dissolved in ethylene glycol to provide a capacitor capable of operating at least at 200 VDC and 130.degree. C.

Abstract: An AC metallized film capacitor having a plurality of electrodes separated by a dielectric spacer contains as its impregnant system an ester dielectric fluid and 2 to 10% of a N,N-substituted carbodiimide to improve capacitance retention characteristics.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor contains an electrolyte solvent system in which one component is an acceptor in hydrogen bonding while the other component is one that can function both as acceptor and donor in hydrogen bonding. The solute or solutes present must not interact with either solvent component. When the above conditions are met, the result is an electrolyte whose resistivity curve passes through a minimum.

Abstract: An AC metallized film capacitor having a plurality of electrodes separated by a dielectric spacer contains a dielectric fluid and 2 to 10% of .alpha.-naphthyl isocyanate as impregnant system to scavenge moisture and to improve capacitance retention.

Abstract: An aluminum or tantalum electrolytic capacitor contains an electrolyte system utilizing 3-methoxypropionitrile as solvent. This system includes a stable solute chosen from amine-glycol-borates, condensed phosphates, and complex boro-phenolates to provide a system having a room-temperature resistivity of up to 1000 ohm-cm.

Abstract: Tantalum powder for electrolytic capacitors is treated with a non-aqueous solution of ammonium thiocyanate in N,N'-dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidinone after the powder has been subjected to a thermal treatment in the absence of oxygen step and before the powder is exposed to an oxygen-containing fluid to prevent oxygen uptake by the powder. The thermal treatment step is carried out at 700.degree. C. and above.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor for high temperature operation contains a wound aluminum foil capacitor section in contact with an electrolyte capable of operating as high as 150.degree. C., the electrolyte comprising a mixed solvent system of N-methylpyrrolidinone and up to 5 wt % ethylene glycol and a mixed solute system of dimethylammonium or diisopropylammonium boro-di-catecholate and diisopropylammonium pentaborate.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor suitable for low-voltage use contains as electrolyte ammonium difluoroacetate dissolved in either ethylene glycol or an ethylene glycol-butyrolactone mixture both containing water. The electrolyte has a room-temperature resistivity of 150 ohm-cm or less and a -40.degree. C. resistivity of less than 11,000 ohm-cm.

Abstract: Anomalous substituted-amine or quaternary ammonium salts of dibasic acids have two dibasic acid molecules per cation of three per two cations.