Abstract: The invention relates to various aspects of a ?-LED or a ?-LED array for augmented reality or lighting applications, in particular in the automotive field. The ?-LED is characterized by particularly small dimensions in the range of a few ?m.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas post-treatment device for an internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas post-treatment device has an oxidation catalyst having a catalytic coating, a heating element upstream of the oxidation catalyst or a heating element provided with the catalytic coating with which heat energy can be introduced actively into the exhaust system at a heating point. The exhaust gas post-treatment device further has a dosing element with which a reducing agent can be introduced into the exhaust gas at an introduction point arranged downstream of the oxidation catalyst and has an SCR system arranged downstream of the introduction point. The method provides checking whether target temperatures have been reached in the exhaust gas system. If the target temperatures are fallen short of, the target temperatures can be reached within a defined period of time by using the heating element and by carrying out a post-injection.

Abstract: A combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes an output shaft, an intake tract, an exhaust gas tract, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust gas tract, a heating element disposed in the exhaust gas tract upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element which is fluidically connected to the exhaust gas tract at a first connection point disposed downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and at a second connection point disposed upstream of the heating element.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes an output shaft, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust manifold, a heating element disposed in the exhaust manifold upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element that extends inside the exhaust gas turbocharger and through which a heating medium is flowable. Via the conduit element at least a part of the heating medium is guidable through the exhaust gas turbocharger from the intake manifold into the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes a drive shaft, an intake tract, an exhaust gas tract, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust gas tract, a heating element disposed in the exhaust gas tract upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element which is fluidically connected to the exhaust gas tract at a first connection point disposed downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and at a second connection point disposed upstream of the heating element.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes an output shaft, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust manifold, a heating element disposed in the exhaust manifold upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element that extends inside the exhaust gas turbocharger and through which a heating medium is flowable. Via the conduit element at least a part of the heating medium is guidable through the exhaust gas turbocharger from the intake manifold into the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes an output shaft, an intake tract, an exhaust gas tract, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust gas tract, a heating element disposed in the exhaust gas tract upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element which is fluidically connected to the exhaust gas tract at a first connection point disposed downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and at a second connection point disposed upstream of the heating element.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle includes a drive shaft, an intake tract, an exhaust gas tract, an exhaust gas aftertreatment device disposed in the exhaust gas tract, a heating element disposed in the exhaust gas tract upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger, and a conduit element which is fluidically connected to the exhaust gas tract at a first connection point disposed downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device and at a second connection point disposed upstream of the heating element.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust system, where the exhaust system has a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic converter close to the engine and a second SCR catalytic converter arranged downstream of the first. A respective quantity of reducing agent to be introduced into the exhaust gas by a respective dosing element is set depending on a first temperature of the first SCR catalytic converter, where during a period of time during which the first temperature exceeds a predeterminable first threshold value and a second temperature of the second SCR catalytic converter exceeds a predeterminable second threshold value, which is lower than the first threshold value, the introduction of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas with regard to the dosing elements takes place exclusively via the second dosing element such that during the period of time, no introduction of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas takes place.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, which has an exhaust gas system that exhaust gas from at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion chamber can flow through and includes at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, at least one particulate filter, and at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust system, where the exhaust system has a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic converter close to the engine and a second SCR catalytic converter arranged downstream of the first. A respective quantity of reducing agent to be introduced into the exhaust gas by a respective dosing element is set depending on a first temperature of the first SCR catalytic converter, where during a period of time during which the first temperature exceeds a predeterminable first threshold value and a second temperature of the second SCR catalytic converter exceeds a predeterminable second threshold value, which is lower than the first threshold value, the introduction of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas with regard to the dosing elements takes place exclusively via the second dosing element such that during the period of time, no introduction of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas takes place.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, which has an exhaust gas system that exhaust gas from at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion chamber can flow through and includes at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, at least one particulate filter, and at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst.

Abstract: Gateway device (100), adapted to couple a first network with a second network, comprising: a first network interface device (102) coupled by a first interface to a first network and having a second interface; a second network interface device (104) coupled by a first interface with the second network and having a second interface; a network coupling device (103) adapted to transmit in a first status no data from the second interface of the second network interface device (104) to the second interface of the first network interface device (102) on the physical layer and adapted to transmit in a second status data from the second interface of the first network interface device (102) to the second interface of the second network interface device (104); wherein said network coupling device (103) includes a switching device (126, 128) coupled to a conductor (130, 134) coupling the second interface of the first network interface device (102) and second network interface device (104); wherein the switching device (1

Abstract: A method for adjusting the temperature of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device is disclosed. A first characteristic temperature value for an oxidative carbon monoxide conversion and a second characteristic temperature value for an oxidative hydrocarbon conversion are assigned to an oxidation catalytic converter, and a third characteristic temperature value for a reductive NOx conversion is assigned to an SCR catalytic converter. Different respective values for injection parameters of injection processes for fuel injections into combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and/or the heating output of an electric heating element are set upon reaching the first and the second characteristic temperature values for the temperature of the oxidation catalytic converter and upon reaching the third characteristic temperature value for the temperature of the SCR catalytic converter.

Abstract: Gateway device (100), adapted to couple a first network with a second network, comprising: a first network interface device (102) coupled by a first interface to a first network and having a second interface; a second network interface device (104) coupled by a first interface with the second network and having a second interface; a network coupling device (103) adapted to transmit in a first status no data from the second interface of the second network interface device (104) to the second interface of the first network interface device (102) on the physical layer and adapted to transmit in a second status data from the second interface of the first network interface device (102) to the second interface of the second network interface device (104); wherein said network coupling device (103) includes a switching device (126, 128) coupled to a conductor (130, 134) coupling the second interface of the first network interface device (102) and second network interface device (104); wherein the switching device (1

Abstract: A method is described for supplying consumables to an automated analyzer by providing at least one reagent and at least one solid consumable from a supply module which is docked to the analyzer, followed by undocking the supply module from the analyzer and removing it therefrom. Also described is a respective system and a supply module for supplying consumables to an automated analyzer.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle internal combustion engine that has an exhaust tract with an exhaust gas purification unit acting catalytically and/or by filtration with which combustion air supplemented by exhaust gas diverging from the exhaust tract is fed to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine by exhaust gas branching off from the exhaust tract at a total exhaust gas recirculation rate. The total exhaust gas recirculation rate has a low-pressure proportion diverging downstream from the exhaust gas purification unit and a high-pressure proportion diverging upstream from an exhaust gas turbocharger turbine arranged in the exhaust tract. An essentially decreasing low pressure proportion is set with at least approximately the same operating points of the internal combustion engine with an increasing operating period of the exhaust gas purification unit.

Abstract: A method is described for distributing samples within an automated analyzer from a linear arrangement of sample vessels to a processing plate in a two-dimensional n×m arrangement wherein samples are sorted, followed by transfer with a pipetting device with a linear arrangement to a processing vessel in a two-dimensional n×m arrangement and subsequent processing of samples using a second pipetting device which has a two-dimensional n×m arrangement.

Abstract: A method is described for distributing samples within an automated analyzer from a linear arrangement of sample vessels to a processing plate in a two-dimensional n×m arrangement wherein samples are sorted, followed by transfer with a pipetting device with a linear arrangement to a processing vessel in a two-dimensional n×m arrangement and subsequent processing of samples using a second pipetting device which has a two-dimensional n×m arrangement.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle diesel engine having an exhaust emission control system is provided. The emission control system includes an oxidation catalytic converter, a particle filter, and an SCR catalytic converter, in which the exhaust gas that is discharged from the diesel engine is passed through the oxidation catalytic converter before passing through the particle filter and the SCR catalytic converter. A regeneration of the particle filter with thermal soot burn-off is occasionally carried out, during which the diesel engine is operated at an air-fuel ratio having a lambda value (?) of at least approximately 1.0, and air is added to the exhaust gas after it exits the oxidation catalytic converter and before it enters the particle filter air, so that soot deposited on the particle filter is burnt-off.