Abstract: In a method of forming a fuel/air mixture in an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection, wherein a combustion air flow is admitted to each cylinder through at least one intake passage tangentially to the cylinder wall such that a combustion air spin flow about the cylinder axis is formed in the combustion chamber and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in a fuel beam extending along the cylinder axis, at least one additional fluid stream is added to the combustion air flow in the intake passage at the side of the intake passage opposite the direction of the spin flow in the combustion chamber so as to provide an additional spin impulse to the combustion air in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: In a rear view mirror for a motor vehicle with a housing connected with an air source, traversed by air guide channels, and holding a mirror glass, with the outlets of the channels being arranged along the edge of the mirror glass to allow air to escape opposite to the direction of forward travel of the vehicle, modified guidance and processing of the escaping air reduces the danger of contamination of the mirror glass by the wind blast as well contamination of the side window associated with the mirror. This is also intended to improve the flow resistance of the mirror as well as its noise behavior. For this purpose, a plurality of separate air channel outlets is provided that are located within a guiding device and/or are equipped with one that produces vorticized air streams that emerge and are stable at each of the air outlets.

Abstract: A sleeve slidable along an axial direction of the impeller shaft produces a variable width of the channels leading into and out of the bypass. The sleeve can be a single unit, a telescopic slide, or a slide of two relatively movable parts.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger turbine for an internal combustion engine including a turbine housing with a turbine wheel disposed therein, an axially movable slide member having a front end with a vane structure is disposed in an annular gap formed in the turbine housing adjacent a radial flow passage leading to the turbine wheel such that the annular slide member is movable between a first position in which its vane structure is disposed in the radial flow passage and a second position in which the vane structure is received within the annular gap and blow off passages which extend through the turbine housing from the radial flow passage through the annular gap to the discharge side of the turbine are opened when the annular slide member is further retracted for discharging gas from the radial flow passage to the turbine discharge side while by-passing the turbine.

Abstract: In a liquid cooled piston for internal combustion engines having a cooling oil supply and at least one liquid passage which is formed in a top part of the piston bounded by a piston head, the liquid passage is inclined with respect to the piston head and has at least one inlet opening formed as a collection funnel leading to the highest point of the passage for receiving cooling oil and, in the region of the lowest point of the passage an outlet opening for the lubrication of a piston pin bearing disposed therebelow. The passage further includes a diffuser-shaped area widening in the flow direction of the cooling oil through the passage.

Abstract: In a motor braking arrangement for an internal combustion engine including a turbocharger having a charger connected to the engine by an air intake duct and a turbine connected to the engine by an exhaust gas pipe including an exhaust gas shut-off valve arranged upstream of the turbine, a by-pass line extends from the exhaust gas pipe upstream of the shut-off valve to a gas admission passage of the turbine adjacent the turbine wheel to drive the turbine wheel by the gases discharged from the exhaust gas pipe when the shut-off valve is closed for engine braking purposes.

Abstract: An upwardly pivotable vehicle lid is provided with a pneumatic pressure strut intermediate body and lid, as an opening drive for the pivot movement into a terminal position having a maximum pivot angle, with the extending movement of a piston rod out of the pneumatic strut cylinder defining the pivot angle being limitable in a plurality of positions ahead of the maximally possible pivot angle by an arresting device mounted outside of the cylinder. The arresting device includes an arresting member positioned on the cylinder of the pneumatic pressure strut and movable into frictional engagement with a complementary member movable by the piston rod of the pneumatic strut.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine comprising a compressor and a turbine with an impeller and a turbine wheel mounted on a common shaft, the exhaust turbine includes radial and semi-axial flow passages through which the exhaust gas is conducted to the turbine wheel and which are separated by a guide ring, and an annular sleeve is mounted in the turbine housing so as to be slideable therein along the axis of the turbine wheel across the radial flow passage for closing the radial flow passage of the turbine.

Abstract: In a turbocharged internal combustion engine having at least two exhaust gas turbochargers arranged in parallel, each including a turbine connected by an exhaust conduit to the engine exhaust to be driven thereby and a compressor connected by an air supply conduit to the intake of the engine for supplying compressed air thereto, an exhaust gas recirculation conduit connected to the exhaust conduit upstream of the turbine leads to the air supply conduit of only one of exhaust gas turbochargers and a check valve is arranged in the air supply duct upstream of the jointure thereof with the exhaust gas recirculation conduit so as to involve only one of the exhaust gas turbochargers in the exhaust gas recirculation.

Abstract: In a method and system for controlling the flow of fluid through the intake duct of an internal combustion engine of which the exhaust gas is measured and its composition compared with values desired for minimum fuel consumption and minimum emission values and the flow of additional fluid supplied to the intake duct is controlled depending on a characteristic diagram, the mass flow and flow profiles are varied depending on the characteristic diagram by controlled injection of the additional flow into the intake duct and by controlled removal of gas from the intake duct.

Abstract: A method detects and evaluates emissions from plants, in particular from incineration or industrial plants. The absolute quantities of the pollutants are determined at preset intervals and an average over a preset measuring interval is formed therefrom. When a preset limiting average is exceeded, a check is made to determine whether this excess is due to a functional fault of the plant. If so, the plant is switched over to emergency running. If there is no functional fault, the running of the plant is restricted until the average falls again below the limiting average. The pollutant quantities determined are stored and can be utilized for determining levies.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine comprising a compressor and an exhaust gas turbine mounted on a common shaft, the exhaust gas turbine includes a rotor with radial and semi-axial flow inlet areas and a single-flow duct surrounding the rotor and having port regions in the form of annular nozzle structures with guide vanes disposed adjacent each flow inlet area which are divided from one another by a ring of streamlined shape which is mounted to the guide vanes of one of the adjacent nozzle structures, said guide vanes having at least portions which are movable for adjusting the flow cross-section of the respective annular nozzle structures for controlling the flow through the radial and semi-axial flow inlet areas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas turbocharger for a supercharged internal combustion engine, in which the exhaust gas turbocharger includes at least one turbine and at least one compressor and the turbine has a turbine casing with a spiral-shaped flow guide duct, a turbine wheel, an inlet end and an outlet end and the compressor includes a compressor casing with a diffuser duct, an impeller, a pressure side and a suction side and the turbine wheel and the compressor impeller are mounted on a common shaft and the turbine casing and the compressor casing, together with a bearing housing, an exhaust gas turbocharger casing and define a gas conduit connection between the inlet end of the turbine and the pressure side of the compressor with at least one control valve and a gas delivery device arranged in the gas conduit connection for controlling the flow of gas between the inlet end of the turbine and the pressure side of the compressor.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas turbocharger for an internal-combustion engine, the exhaust-gas turbine of which comprises a rotor with an at leash partially diagonal throughflow direction and a spiral guide channel surrounding this and having a mouth region in the form of an angular nozzle, and a variable guide blade cascade with guide blades being arranged in the mouth region. In order to design guide blade cascades with a simpler construction than that of known versions, at the same time with an increase in their operational reliability, according to the invention the guide blades are divided in such a way that they form a divided guide blade cascade with a stationary guide-blade cascade part and with a guide-blade cascade part assigned to this and rotatable concentrically relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for changing the flow direction of an airflow entering the suction-side opening of a compressor of an exhaust gas turbo-charger of an internal combustion engine. The airflow is deflected into the rotational direction of the compressor impeller by means of a guide device located in the induction duct upstream of the inlet opening. In order to achieve required flow through a mechanically simply producible guide device, a bypass duct which has an annular space branches off from the induction duct upstream of the compressor to the guide device. The annular space surrounds the induction duct in the region of the suction-side opening of the compressor. Nozzle-shaped openings are provided in a common partition between the annular space and the induction duct and a shut-off valve is located in the induction duct between these openings and the point where the bypass duct branches off.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for increasing the rotational speed of an exhaust gas turbo-charger on an internal combustion engine. The compressor casing of the exhaust gas turbo-charger is located in the engine air induction duct. The compressor includes a compressor impeller and a volute-shaped gas duct, a guide device being located in the induction duct upstream of the suction-side opening of the gas duct. In order to reduce the power consumption of the compressor during idling and lower part-load operation, the inducted air is guided into a bypass duct by means of the guide device, the bypass duct entering the induction duct downstream of the compressor. The compressor is partially evacuated by means of a pressure-reducing device located in the bypass duct.

Abstract: The exhaust gas flow of an internal-combustion engine is be supplied to a turbine wheel of a radial turbine through a gas duct arrangement in the turbine housing. A guiding device is controlled as a function of operational parameters of the internal combustion engine, by means of which the exhaust gas current can be rerouted into separate gas ducts of the duct arrangement. In order to achieve an improved behavior in the lower nonsteady speed range, one of the gas ducts opens at a front side of the turbine housing on the side of the turbine wheel shaft in the area of the moving blades of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: A rotor for a gas turbine exhibits three-dimensionally curved blades which are curved counter to the direction of rotation of the rotor in the radial flow region. The blades are arranged on a hub with a disc-shaped terminal region. In order to achieve a more highly aerodynamic blade shape with a simultaneous reduction of the moment of inertia of the rotor, the blades exhibit in the axial direction mean camber lines which extend centrally in the radial direction between the pressure side and the suction side of the blades, the mean camber lines being describable by a 2nd order curve equation.