Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a 3-exo-methylenecepham derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an aralkyl or aryloxymethyl group both of which may be substituted on the aromatic ring, and R.sup.2 represents a carboxyl-protecting group, the process comprising subjecting a compound represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above, to a cyclization reaction in an acidic water-containing solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a thiazolidine compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group or aryloxymethyl group, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, halogenated alkyl group, benzyl group or silyl group, and X represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxy group, alkoxy group or acyloxy group, the process comprising electrolyzing a thiazoline compound represented by the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above, in a mixture comprising a perchloric acid aqueous solution and an organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides thiazolinoazetidinone derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## and processes for preparing the same. The thiazolinoazetidinone derivatives are used as the intermediates for producing cephalosporin compounds useful as antibiotic agents.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a thiazolinoazetidinone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, alkenyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group or aryloxymethyl group, the process comprising electrolyzing in a solvent a compound represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, R.sup.2 represents a carboxyl group or protected carboxyl group, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or acetoxy group.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a .beta.-lactam derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents aralkyl group or aryloxy methyl group, Y represents the group ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.2 represents aryl-substituted lower alkyl group, aryloxy-substituted lower alkyl group or lower alkyl group optionally substituted with halogen atom and X represents halogen atom) or the group ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.2 and X are as defined above), the process comprising electrolyzing an azetidinone derivative of the formula ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above in the presence of hydrohalogenic acid and/or halide.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing 2-oxycephalosporin derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen atom, acyl group, or lower alkoxycarbonyl group optionally substituted with halogen atom, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen atom, halogen atom or acyloxy group optionally substituted with halogen atom, R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group optionally substituted with halogen atom, or phenyl-lower alkyl group which may be optionally substituted with nitro group, halogen atom or lower alkoxy group on the phenyl ring, and R.sup.4 represents lower primary or secondary alkyl or lower alkylcarbonyl, the process comprising electrolytically oxidizing a cephalosporin derivative represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined above, in the presence of a lower carboxylic acid or lower primary or secondary alcohol, and a supporting electrolyte.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a thiazolinoazetidinone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents aralkyl group or aryloxymethyl group and R.sup.2 represents acyl group, the process comprising electrolyzing a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above in the presence of a lower fatty acid.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing an oxazolineazetidinone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group, alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or substituted or unsubstituted aryloxymethyl group, R.sup.2 represents free or protected carboxyl group and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom or methoxy group) from a penicillin derivative represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined above.

Abstract: Novel cyclohexanone derivatives of general formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms) and new cyclohexanone derivatives of general formula: ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms) are produced by an electrooxidative coupling of 1,3-cyclohexanedione with a vinyl ether of general formula:CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH-O-R.sup.1(wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above) in the presence or absence of an alcohol of general formula:R.sup.2 OH(wherein R.sup.2 is as defined above). These new cyclohexanone derivatives can be easily converted to N-substituted or unsubstituted-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles, which are of value as intermediates for the production of N-substituted or unsubstituted-4-hydroxyindoles and, thence, to pindolol and its analogs.

Abstract: 2-Substituted-cyclopentanone derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## are prepared by subjecting a 2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide derivative represented by the formula ##STR2## and cyclopentanone to condensation reaction, or by reacting the resulting condensation product with a hydrocarbon halide represented by the formulaR.sub.1 X.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-cyclopentenone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## and R.sub.2 is lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and perfume composition containing the derivative.

Abstract: Sulfenimides are prepared by electrolytic oxidation of organic disulfides or mercaptans and imides. The electrolytic oxidation is accelerated by a halide compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-pentynyl ether represented by the formulaCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 C.tbd.CCH.sub.2 ORwherein R is tetrahydropyranyl and methoxyethyl characterized by reacting propargyl ether represented by the formula HC.tbd.CCH.sub.2 OR wherein R is as defined above with an ethyl halide in a nonprotonic polar solvent in the presence of a metal hydride.

Abstract: A cyclopentanol derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and R.sub.4 is 2-pentenyl or 2-pentynyl, and process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A 2-(2-pentynyl) cyclopentanol derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 is lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A 2-cyclopentenone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and R.sub.4 is 2-pentenyl or 2-pentynyl, and process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A tetraalkylthiuram disulfide is prepared in a higher yield without formation of by-products by subjecting the corresponding alkali metal dialkyldithiocarbamate to electrolytic oxidation, which is carried out in a two-layer electrolytic solution consisting essentially of either (1) water and carbon disulfide or (2) water and a mixture of carbon disulfide and a halogenated alkane of higher density than water, the carbon disulfide being predominant in the mixture, by means of electrodes placed in the aqueous layer containing the dialkyldithiocarbamate. The resulting disulfide is extracted to the lower layer of the electrolytic solution and is recovered from the layer. The dialkyldithiodicarbamate can be continuously produced in situ by adding carbon disulfide and dialkylamine gradually to the aqueous layer of the electrolytic solution, which contains an alkalimetal hydroxide produced during the electrolytic oxidation of the dialkyldithiocarbamate.

Abstract: Benzothiazolylsulfenamides are prepared in a high yield and substantially without a side reaction, via direct electrolytic oxidation, by cross-coupling (1) 2-mercaptobenzothiazole or dibenzothiazyl disulfide or an alkali metal salt of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole with (2) a primary or secondary amine, in the presence of a solvent selected from a dipolar aprotic solvent, a protic solvent, water and mixtures thereof, as well as a supporting electrolyte having adaptability to the solvent.

Abstract: A process for producing a tetraalkylthiuram disulfide which comprises electrolytically oxidizing a dialkylammonium dialkyldithiocarbamate having the formula ##STR1## wherein each R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in the presence or absence of a supporting electrolyte to produce a tetraalkylthiuram disulfide, the electrolytic oxidation being carried out in one or more solvents which dissolve at least one of the starting dialkylammonium dialkyldithiocarbamate and the resulting tetraalkylthiuram disulfide.