Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for metering liquids, wherein the volume of a droplet of a sample liquid is determined by means of optical measuring. The liquid to be metered is brought into contact with a transfer element so that a droplet adheres to the transfer element. The transfer element and the liquid adhering thereto are illuminated from one or several directions and the resulting images are displayed on an optical sensor. The liquid volume is determined on the basis of these images. Metering is accomplished by transferring the liquid volume adhering to the transfer element into an analysis vessel.

Abstract: An analysis element for the determination of an analyte in a liquid sample, especially for medicinal uses. A carrier layer (2) contains, in a reagent domain (4), a reagent applied in a defined pattern by an ink-jet process. The pattern comprises several sets (A, B, C) of compartments (11-20), the compartments (e.g. 11, 13, 15, 17, 19) of the same set (e.g. A) having the same chemical composition, the compartments (11, 13, 15, 17, 19 or 12, 16, 20) of different sets (A or B) containing different reagents and the compartments of different sets being arranged in alteration so that the compartments containing different reagents are close together but nevertheless spatially separated.

Abstract: A method for the metered application of a biochemical analytical liquid to a target, wherein the liquid is ejected in small quantities on to the target through a jet from a jet chamber by a procedure in which a partial volume of the liquid in the jet chamber is evaporated and expanded for a short time whenever a quantity of the liquid is to be ejected. The invention further relates to a device with a disposable jet element which contains prepackaged analytical liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for carrying out a heterogeneous reaction for the determination of a component of a sample liquid on a first capillary action carrier present in a measurement chamber, to which carrier adheres at least one non-soluble reagent, wherein at least one soluble reagent is present on a second capillary action carrier in a first pre-chamber, which carrier is in capillary contact with the capillary action carrier in the measurement chamber, which first pre-chamber is connected via a first capillary with a first application chamber to be filled from outside through a filling opening and the measurement chamber is also connected with a waste chamber by a capillary arrangement through which can only flow a liquid under a predetermined gravitational force into the measurement chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for carrying out an analytical determination by mixing and incubating a sample solution with at least one reagent and measuring a parameter in the reaction mixture, the sample solution being transported from an application point to a measurement point, wherein a sample solution is first transported to a soluble dry reagent, with at least partial dissolving of the latter, and then further transported to a measurement point, the transport taking place by two different forces, whereby, at least on a part of the transport path, it is brought about by a surface force acting on the solution as a first force, which, for the regulation of the transport velocity or transport direction, is superimposed by a centrifugal force and/or pressure force as a second force which, depending upon which transport state of the fluid is to be adjusted, is made greater or smaller than the first force.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for rinsing out a substance present in a zone (d) with a liquid rinsing agent in several rinsing steps and for transferring the rinsing agent emerging from the zone (d) in the last rinsing step to a cuvette (K), wherein the zone (d) is present on a rotor (R) of variable speed of rotation, radially inwardly of the zone (d) on the rotor (R) there is provided a pump chamber (PK) for the rinsing agent which is connected with the zone (d) via a valve chamber (VK2) which fills, under the action of centrifugal force, above a predetermined speed of rotation, from the pump chamber (PK) and empties below the predetermined speed of rotation into the zone (d) and the zone (d) is connected with the cuvette (K) via a pipe (4) which, in one section, the axis of which has a component directed radially outwardly, is directed into a waste chamber (AK).

Abstract: A process for carrying out an analytical determination by mixing and incubating a sample solution with at least one reagent and measuring a parameter in the reaction mixture, the sample solution being transported from an application point to a measurement point, wherein a sample solution is first transported to a soluble dry reagent, with at least partial dissolving of the latter, and then further transported to a measurement point, the transport taking place by two different forces, whereby, at least on a part of the transport path, it is brought about by a surface force acting on the solution as a first force, which, for the regulation of the transport velocity or transport direction, is superimposed by a centrifugal force and/or pressure force as a second force which, depending upon which transport state of the fluid is to be adjusted, is made greater or smaller than the first force.

Abstract: A rotor unit for a centrifugal analyzer comprises a rotatably-driven circular rotor base; and a rotor head comprising a plurality of insert elements each having at least one chamber sample for the reception of a sample liquid, at least one measuring chamber radially outwardly from the associated sample chamber for the measurement of characteristic parameters for the detection of components of the sample, at least one liquid channel connecting the sample chamber with the measuring chamber and each insert element is releasably mounted on the rotor base at any one of a plurality of different selectable angular positions wherein the insert element is positionally stable when the rotor base is rotating.

Abstract: In a process for carrying out an analytical determination by mixing and incubating a sample liquid with at least one dry reagent which is soluble therein to form a reaction mixture liquid and measuring a parameter in the reaction mixture liquid, the sample liquid is first transported along a transport path to the soluble dry reagent and the resulting reaction mixture liquid then further transported along the transport path. The further transporting of the reaction mixture liquid along the transport path is under the influence of a force-change cycle in which centrifugal force and a further force alternately predominate to determine the direction of the further transporting along the transport path. At least one further liquid is transported on another path, part of which is separate from and part of which is common with the transport path, by the force-change cycle in such a manner that at least two of the liquids pass through the common part of the transport path chronologically separated.

Abstract: This invention describes a process for immuno-chemical quantitative determination of immunologically active substances. The method involves a first incubation of a sample containing the active substance with a labelled binder, which contains an antibody or antibody fragment. After complexing has taken place, solid phase bound active substance identical to the substance being quantitatively determined is added. The solid phase bound substance binds with free binder, and the solid and liquid phases are separated. A second antibody which is specific either to antibody or the solid phase antibody-substance complex is then added to the liquid phase. This second antibody is non cross-reactive with individual complex components. The amount of labelled first antibody bound to second antibody is then determined.

Abstract: A process and a device for the centrifugal control and mixing of a limited volumes of fluid, especially in the rotor of a centrifugal analyzer, has at least one baffle chamber, in a flow canal for the fluid the volume of which is greater than the volume of fluid. It is so shaped that, when the device is rotated at a sufficiently high first speed of rotation, the fluid remains in it. An outlet canal is connected to the baffle chamber the fluid. At least a part thereof lies closer to the axis of rotation than the fluid surface during the rotation with the first speed of rotation. The walls of the outlet canal consist of a material which is wettable by the fluid and, in combination therewith, have cross-section which forces the fluid out of the baffle chamber; by boundary surface force when the device is rotated at a second, slower speed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reagent for the enzymatic determination of an enzyme substrate, containing a system for the determination of the substrate, which comprises at least one enzyme, at least one buffer substance and at least one indicator substance and optionally contains adjuvants, wherein the reagent contains a definite amount of the enzyme substrate in an insufficient amount with regard to the substrate determination capacity of the system for the determination of this substrate.The present invention also provides a process for the enzymatic determination of an enzyme substrate in the presence of disturbing substances which can react with the substrate itself or with an intermediate or end product of the indicator reaction, wherein, before the addition of the sample to be investigated, a definite amount of the substrate is first reacted with the reagent until reaction is complete, whereafter the sample to be determined is added.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for carrying out analytical determinations by mixing and incubating a sample solution with at least one reagent and optically measuring a parameter in the incubated reaction mixture. The mixing, incubating and measuring are carried out during the action of a centrifugal force which forces the solution through a plurality of interconnected small hollow spaces having flow resistance so adapted with regard to one another as to mix the reaction components. Incubation may also take place before the reaction solution passes from the plurality of interconnected small hollow spaces into a measuring chamber in which the measurement is carried out.

Abstract: A rotor unit for a centrifugal analyzer comprises a rotatably driven circular rotor base; and a rotor head comprising a plurality of insert elements each having at least one chamber sample for the reception of a sample liquid, at least one measuring chamber radially outwardly from the associated sample chamber for the measurement of characteristic parameters for the detection of components of the sample, at least one liquid channel connecting the sample chamber with the measuring chamber and each insert element is releasably mounted on the rotor base at any one of a plurality of different selectable angular positions wherein the insert element is positionally stable when the rotor base is rotating.

Abstract: A method for the determination of triglycerides by ester cleavage utilizing lipase and optionally esterase with the formation of fatty acids and glycerol, phosphorylation of the glycerol with adnosine triphosphate in the presence of glycerol kinase with the formation of glycerol-1-phosphate and adenosine diphosphate and determination of one of the latter two products. The glycerol kinase used is from Bacillus stearothermophilis and acts in combination with at least one activator selected from the group consisting of detergents, phenol derivatives and aniline derivative.

Abstract: In a polychromatic photometer a sample wheel containing angularly spaced sample compartments and a filter wheel containing angularly spaced filters are rotated by a common drive arrangement so that the sample compartments and filters are in turn rotated through and aligned with the optical path of a photometric measuring device. The number of sample compartments is different from the number of filters. The number of sample compartments and the number of filters are not evenly divisible by a common integer. The ratio of the angular velocity of the sample wheel to the angular velocity of the filter wheel is substantially equal to the ratio of the number of filters to the number of sample compartments.

Abstract: For the removal of turbidities in reaction mixtures clouded by sample material, especially for photometric measurement, there are added to the reaction mixture:(a) at least one low molecular weight organic compound, such as an aromatic alcohol or amine, which contains an electronegative substituent, for example a phenol or naphthol, which is substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or hydroxyl groups and(b) at least one detergent which dissolves to give without compound (a), a clear solution and which forms a sparingly soluble complex with component (a), such as a non-ionic polyethylene oxide adduct or a cationic detergent, especially an alkyl, aralkyl or alkylthio ether or an alkyl or aralkyl ester of a polyethylene oxide glycol containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 5 to 25 ethylene oxide units or an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride compound containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical,in an amount sufficient for the appearance of a precipitate of the complex, whereaft

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of reagent solutions containing a plurality of components for analytical purposes, wherein the individual components of several differently composed reagents are each introduced into a solid, proportionable carrier material in easily redissolvable form in such an amount that each part by volume or weight of the carrier material carries a definite amount of one reagent component, the carriers of the components are brought together in a magazine-like manner and, for the production of a particular reagent, from all carriers which carry a component of the reagent, there are simultaneously taken off the amounts corresponding to the required amounts of the components, which are then dissolved to form the reagent solution. Apparatus for carrying out the process is also provided.

Abstract: Novel method for the determination of .alpha.-amylase which method comprises contacting a sample suspected of containing .alpha.-amylase with a starch derivative carrying a substituent capable of dyestuff-forming coupling; separating from the resulting starch-containing phase the low molecular weight soluble fission products formed by splitting of said starch derivative by .alpha.-amylase; coupling the said couplable substituent with another dyestuff forming component; and measuring the dyestuff so formed as a measure of the initial .alpha.-amylase content.

Abstract: Process for enzymatic analysis by the enzymatic reaction of a substance to be determined and measurement of the increase or decrease of a reaction component of the main reaction or subsequent reaction, comprising adding to a solution which contains dissolved therein the enzyme necessary for the reaction, a sample solution containing a substance to be determined, measuring a particular reaction component, and then circulating the enzyme solution through a reactor which completely removes the measured reaction component from the solution (or converts it to a non-disturbing product) and again mixing the enzyme solution, if necessary after replenishing the used up components, with a new sample solution.