Abstract: A system and method for secure cloud computing. The cloud based processing system comprises a user interface, allowing a user to enter and edit data, a proxy server, and a cloud based processing server. The user interface sends data entered by a user to the proxy server, which sends the encrypted data to the cloud based processing server. The proxy server receives editing commands from the user interface, and sends those commands to the cloud based processing server along with the encrypted data. The cloud based processing server receives the encrypted data and editing commands, applies the editing commands to the encrypted data, and sends the edited encrypted data back to the proxy server.

Abstract: A system and method for secure cloud computing. The cloud based processing system comprises a user interface, allowing a user to enter and edit data, a proxy server, and a cloud based processing server. The user interface sends data entered by a user to the proxy server, which sends the encrypted data to the cloud based processing server. The proxy server receives editing commands from the user interface, and sends those commands to the cloud based processing server along with the encrypted data. The cloud based processing server receives the encrypted data and editing commands, applies the editing commands to the encrypted data, and sends the edited encrypted data back to the proxy server.

Abstract: A flexible MEA comprises an integral assembly of electrode, catalyst and ionomeric membrane material.

Abstract: In a method for the production of a membrane electrode assembly comprising a membrane, electrodes and a catalyst, the catalyst is pressed into the membrane material, e.g. when forming the material in situ.

Abstract: The present invention involves the use of a membrane electrode assembly, i.e. a cathode/membrane/anode assembly capable of transmitting light. A first aspect of the invention is a photovoltaic cell which is a membrane electrode assembly capable of transmitting light. The membrane material is preferably a polymer comprising a strongly ionic group. The assembly preferably comprises a catalyst and/or a dye sensitiser. A second aspect of the invention is a method for generating a voltage which comprises irradiating a cell of the invention.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly includes a grid for controlling ion flow, separate layers of membrane material and/or an ionically inactive material for the transmission of a liquid or gaseous reaction component to end/or form at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: A flexible MEA comprises an integral assembly of electrode, catalyst and ionomeric membrane material.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly in which at least one water content, conductivity, pH, mechanical strength and elasticity of the membrane is graduated across its thickness, between the electrodes.

Abstract: A method of performing an electrochemical reaction in an electrochemical cell comprises electrodes separated by a membrane capable of taking up an electrolyte, the method comprises introducing into the cell a fuel or other oxidisable component and an electrolyte, and oxidising the fuel in the presence of an acid or alkali. Alternatively or in addition, usage of fuel may be monitored by including a reactant that is capable of undergoing or imparting a change in visual appearance on oxidation or reduction; and monitoring any change in visual appearance.

Abstract: In a method for the production of a membrane electrode assembly comprising a membrane, electrodes and a catalyst, the catalyst is pressed into the membrane material, e.g. when forming the material in situ.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly includes a grid for controlling ion flow, separate layers of membrane material and/or an ionically inactive material for the transmission of a liquid or gaseous reaction component to end/or form at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: A dc-dc converter comprising a power conversion circuit for converting an input voltage to an output voltage is described. A control circuit is adapted to drive the power conversion circuit so as to produce the output voltage at a predetermined magnitude.

Abstract: According to the invention, an electrochemical device is used In the presence of ultrasonic waves to improve the performance of the device. The ultrasound improves the performance of the electrochemical device.

Abstract: An ultrasound probe includes a cross-linked hydrophilic material as an integral couplant, wherein the hydrophilic material is capable of transmitting a frequency in the range of 5 to 20 MHz, and wherein the attenuation of the transmission is less than 1.5 dB.mm−1 at 5 MHz. For example, the invention provides a wheel-type probe, where the hydrophilic material 19 forms the tire.