Abstract: Various electrochemical cell systems are provided, including various flow field plate assemblies with reinforcement layers that may be particularly useful in the context of fuel cells and electrolyzer cells. Some flow field plate assemblies have a flow field plate (FF plate) having a floor surface and a plurality of raised features protruding from the floor surface, and a support lattice having a plurality of hub portions and a plurality of beam portions interconnecting the hub portions, with at least some of the hub portions being supported by the raised features of the FF plate, and the raised features of the FF plate may be distributed across the floor surface, and the hub portions of the support lattice and the raised features of the FF plate may space apart the beam portions from the floor surface so as to define a flow field depth.

Abstract: Various electrochemical cell systems are provided. Some systems have a cathode end plate, an anode end plate, one or more electrochemical cells positioned between the cathode and anode end plates, tension members connecting the cathode end plate with the anode end plate, and tensioning devices, each configured to apply a tension force to one or more of the tension members such that the corresponding tension member or tension members apply a local compression force to a corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates. The cathode and anode end plates distribute an aggregate compression force across the one or more electrochemical cells responsive, at least in part, to each corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates receiving the local compression force from the corresponding tension member or tension members; each tensioning device is positioned between spaced apart from the cathode and anode end plates.

Abstract: Frame assemblies for use in locating and positioning flow fields in an electrochemical cell stack are provided. The frame assemblies may have a separator plate that is interposed between two frames. The separator plate may have one or more raised features positioned around or on either side of flow field regions of the separator plate that are defined by flow field apertures through the frames. The one or more raised features may extend into corresponding receiving features in one or both frames. The raised feature(s) may thus couple the frames to the separator plate and stiffen the frame assembly so as to prevent or reduce potential flexure of the frames due to pressures that develop within the flow field apertures. Various approaches are disclosed.

Abstract: Carbon oxide electrolyzers may be characterized by: (a) a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising a cathode layer, an anode layer, and one or more polymeric electrolyte layers between and in contact with the cathode layer and the anode layer; (b) a porous transport layer (PTL) proximate the anode layer, and (c) optionally, a microporous layer (MPL) disposed between the MEA and the PTL.

Abstract: Method and system for generating a gas mixture. The gas mixture may be, for example, a hydrogen-oxygen or hydrogen-air gas mixture, and may be used for topical or inspired therapeutic applications. In one embodiment, the system may include a water electrolyzer combined with an oxygen humidifier reservoir such that hydrogen produced at the cathode of the water electrolyzer mixes directly with oxygen gas that has been introduced into the oxygen humidifier reservoir, for example, by sparging. In another embodiment, the cathode manifold of the water electrolyzer may be plumbed in series with a pump and the oxygen humidifier reservoir such that hydrogen-entrained water may be mixed with oxygen that has been delivered, for example, via sparging, to the oxygen humidifier reservoir. In an exemplary application, the system may be incorporated into a ventilator circuit and may provide a breathing gas mixture containing hydrogen to treat ischemia/reperfusion injury of brain tissue.

Abstract: Various COx electrolyzer multi-cell architectures are provided, including various frame, flow field, gas diffusion layer, and repeat unit designs that may be particularly useful in the context of multi-cell COx electrolyzer cells.

Abstract: Described are oxysterols, pharmaceutical compositions including the oxysterols, and methods of using the oxysterols and compositions for treating diseases and/or disorders related to inflammation, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, mesenteric ischemia, inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, lymphocytic colitis, Celiac disease, Behcet's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Abstract: Described are oxysterols, pharmaceutical compositions including the oxysterols, and methods of using the oxysterols and compositions for treating diseases and/or disorders related to inflammation, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, mesenteric ischemia, inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, lymphocytic colitis, Celiac disease. Behcet's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Abstract: Various COx electrolyzer cell architectures are provided, including various flow field designs and gas diffusion layer designs that may be particularly useful in the context of COx electrolyzer cells.

Abstract: Described are oxysterols, pharmaceutical compositions including the oxysterols, and methods of using the oxysterols and compositions for treating diseases and/or disorders related to inflammation, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, mesenteric ischemia, inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, lymphocytic colitis, Celiac disease. Behcet's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Abstract: Methods and systems to process computer readable electronic messages, such as electronic mail messages or e-mail. Methods and system include auto-tagging based on one or more of statistical machine learning based clustering techniques, custom parsers, and crowd-sourced message tagging. Methods and systems further include relevancy determination based on combinations of features, user-configurable hybrid web browser/e-mail client rendering, tabbed rendering, plug-in based local computational features, implied social graph based decision making, and automatic detection of account settings.

Abstract: Methods and systems to present a relatively small combinational set of user-selectable filter and display criteria, through a relatively small number of visually-intuitive controls of an electronic message (EM) graphical user interface (GUI), and to translate a combination of user-selected criteria to a more-complex set of configuration parameters. Methods and systems disclosed herein may be implemented to provide filter and/or display configurations on-par or greater than conventional EM clients, in quantity and/or complexity, with less user-effort, knowledge, and navigational skill.

Abstract: Methods and systems to process computer readable electronic messages, such as electronic mail messages or e-mail. Methods and system include auto-tagging based on one or more of statistical machine learning based clustering techniques, custom parsers, and crowd-sourced message tagging. Methods and systems further include relevancy determination based on combinations of features, user-configurable hybrid web browser/e-mail client rendering, tabbed rendering, plug-in based local computational features, implied social graph based decision making, and automatic detection of account settings.

Abstract: The invention relates to predicting, or aiding in predicting, which individuals are at risk of developing coronary artery disease. The invention provides a method for identifying an individual who has an altered risk for developing CAD. The invention further relates to methods of reducing the likelihood that a subject will develop CAD. The invention further provides reagents, nucleic acids and kits comprising nucleic acids containing a polymorphism in a CAD-determinative gene.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of identifying a subject having an increased or decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, comprising: a) correlating the presence of one or more genetic markers in chromosome 3q13.31 with an increased or decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease; and b) detecting the one or more genetic markers of step (a) in the subject, thereby identifying the subject as having an increased or decreased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Also provided are methods of identifying subjects with cardiovascular disease as having a good or poor prognosis, as well as methods of identifying effective treatment regimens for cardiovascular disease, based on correlation with genetic markers in chromosome 3q13.31.