Abstract: The present disclosure relates to antiviral compositions and methods. Methods for using the antiviral compositions for inhibiting replication of viruses and treatment of viral diseases are also described. The present disclosure additionally relates to compositions and methods for enhancing a drug’s efficacy by combining the drug with a mammalian protease inhibitor such as a cathepsin inhibitor. Methods for using the combinations for treatment of disease are described.

Abstract: A nanoparticle complex for delivery to cells comprising an RNA interference agent and a delivery vehicle comprised of a liposome and peptide. The peptide may be transmembrane, at least part of which is located external to the liposome. The delivery vehicle is used to deliver the RNA interference agent to cells. The RNA interference agent may target the activity of E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch. The complex may be used to treat chemotherapy resistant tumours and/or cancers. Also related compositions, combination, kit, methods and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound comprising a steroidal ring system and an optional group R1 selected from any one of —OH, a sulphamate group, a phosphonate group, a thiophosphonate group, a sulphonate group or a sulphonamide group; wherein the D ring of the steroidal ring system is substituted by a group R2 of the formula -L-R3, wherein L is an optional linker group and R3 is selected from groups which are or which comprise one of a nitrite group, an alcohol, an ester, an ether, an amine and an alkene, provided that when R3 is or comprises an alcohol, L is present; and wherein the A ring of the steroidal ring system is substituted at position 2 or 4 with a group R4, wherein R4 is a hydrocarbyl group.