Abstract: A structure for protecting a substrate. The structure comprises an inner tie coat layer which can bond to the substrate, a geopolymer foam layer, and an outer protective layer. The geopolymer foam layer is the reaction product of a mixture comprising an aluminosilicate source, an alkali activator, reinforcing fibres, and a plurality of microparticles.

Abstract: A structure for protecting a substrate. The structure comprises an inner tie coat layer which can bond to the substrate, a geopolymer foam layer, and an outer protective layer. The geopolymer foam layer is the reaction product of a mixture comprising an aluminosilicate source, an alkali activator, reinforcing fibres, and a plurality of microparticles.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided comprising a flywheel (112) for storing kinetic energy and an electrical machine (190) mechanically coupled to the flywheel and arranged for conversion between mechanical and electrical energy. The apparatus is arranged for transferring energy between the flywheel and a vehicle transmission via a variable ratio transmission (182). The electrical machine is coupled to the flywheel via a disconnect clutch which comprises a magnetic coupling (116).

Abstract: A coupling apparatus (20) is provided for transferring energy to or from a flywheel. The coupling apparatus comprises first (22) and second (24) movable members, each having one or magnets (30, 34) arranged thereon, wherein the first movable member (22) is arranged to be coupled to a flywheel. The magnetic strength of a first magnet (30) arranged on the first movable member (22) exceeds the magnetic strength of a second magnet (34) arranged on the second movable member (24).

Abstract: A magnetic gear comprising: first and second members arranged for relative movement therebetween, the first member having a first array of magnetic field generating elements and the second member having a second array of magnetic field generating elements; and a coupling member having an array of coupling elements for coupling magnetic flux between the first array of magnetic field generating elements and the second array of magnetic field generating elements, wherein for at least one of the coupling elements, there is provided a cooling path in thermal communication with the at least one coupling element, wherein the cooling path is provided within at least one of the at least one coupling element and the coupling member.

Abstract: A silicone based insulation layer for subsea use is applied onto subsea structures such as pipeline components by plasma treating the subsea structure, applying a siloxane primer thereto, allowing the primer to cure, and applying the insulation layer uncured onto the primer so that as the insulation material cures it also bonds onto the treated subsea structure.

Abstract: An engine-driven vehicle includes an energy recovery system (20) for recovering energy under braking of the vehicle. Under predetermined conditions, a controller selectively delivers recovered energy from a storage (24) via device (26) to motor the engine (12) above zero speed (e.g. at or above idle speed), preferably during engine fuel cut. The engine may be motored if the vehicle speed is below a threshold speed with zero torque demand for the vehicle driveline, or when the vehicle has been brought to a stop, for example. The step of delivering recovered energy to motor the engine (12) may be initiated if a door on the vehicle is opened or if a park brake on the vehicle is activated. Auxiliary systems are driven by the engine under influence of energy delivered from the energy recovery system to the engine when the vehicle is at rest. The energy recovery system may include a mechanical flywheel.

Abstract: A composite film comprising: (i) a heat-stabilised oriented polyester substrate comprising a UV-absorber in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10% based on the total weight of the polyester substrate, and (ii) on one or both surfaces of the substrate a polymeric coating layer, which has a thickness in the range of from about 10 nm to about 200 nm, and which comprises an ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer, wherein the composite film exhibits a shrinkage at 150° C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.1% in both the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the film, and use thereof in the manufacture of photo-voltaic cells.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided comprising a flywheel (112) for storing kinetic energy and an electrical machine (190) mechanically coupled to the flywheel and arranged for conversion between mechanical and electrical energy. The apparatus is arranged for transferring energy between the flywheel and a vehicle transmission via a variable ratio transmission (182). The electrical machine is coupled to the flywheel via a disconnect clutch which comprises a magnetic coupling (116).

Abstract: A coupling apparatus (20) is provided for transferring energy to or from a flywheel. The coupling apparatus comprises first (22) and second (24) movable members, each having one or magnets (30, 34) arranged thereon, wherein the first movable member (22) is arranged to be coupled to a flywheel. The magnetic strength of a first magnet (30) arranged on the first movable member (22) exceeds the magnetic strength of a second magnet (34) arranged on the second movable member (24).

Abstract: A composite film comprising: (i) a heat-stabilised oriented polyester substrate comprising a UV-absorber in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10% based on the total weight of the polyester substrate, and (ii) on one or both surfaces of the substrate a polymeric coating layer, which has a thickness in the range of from about 10 nm to about 200 nm, and which comprises an ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer, wherein the composite film exhibits a shrinkage at 150° C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.1% in both the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the film, and use thereof in the manufacture of photo-voltaic cells.