Abstract: Based on a configuration of a pre-allocated sequence of first SSBs of a first predetermined number, which comprise second SSBs of a second predetermined number and third SSBs of a third predetermined number, a network apparatus of an access network of a cellular communication system determines (S503) a usage for resources associated with the third SSBs. According to the configuration of the pre-allocated sequence of first SSBs, the second SSBs are to be utilized in a beam management procedure including an initial access procedure and the third SSBs are not necessarily to be utilized in the beam management procedure including the initial access procedure which enables UEs to gain initial access to the cellular communication system via the access network. The network apparatus broadcasts (S505) the usage in the beam management procedure.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a switching arrangement configured to split an antenna array panel, comprising an array of antenna elements, to provide a first part for a first downlink beam from a first transmitter and a second part for a second downlink beam from a second transmitter, wherein the first downlink beam and the second downlink beam have independent directions; and the switching arrangement being configured to enable inter-band carrier aggregation at receiver circuitry using a first component carrier received at the first part of the antenna array panel via the first downlink beam and a second component carrier received at the second part of the antenna array panel via the second downlink beam.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes means for obtaining a total delay error that when added to a reference time equivalent to a reference distance between first and second antennas equals a difference between a transmission time of a signal sent via the first antenna and a reception time of the signal received via the second antenna; means for measuring a frequency-variable first delay associated with reflection of a signal from a frequency-variable complex impedance of the first antenna; means for measuring a frequency-variable second delay associated with reflection of a signal from a frequency-variable complex impedance of the second antenna; means for estimating a first portion of the total delay error associated with the first antenna in dependence upon at least the first delay; and means for estimating a second portion of the total delay error associated with the second antenna in dependence upon at least the second delay.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for a radio frequency front end of a beamforming transmitter or transceiver. The apparatus comprises a dual-polarized antenna element (222) for reception of electromagnetic waves transmitted by an antenna array (221) of the radio frequency front end and subsequently reflected from at least one obstruction. The dual-polarized antenna element comprises first and second feed points (223, 224) for reception of a first polarization and of a second polarization. The apparatus further comprises a switch for switching between reception of the first polarization via the first feed point and the second polarization via the second feed point.

Abstract: Inter-alia, a method is disclosed that includes transmitting a first set of sidelink beam management reference signals and transmitting a second set of sidelink beam management reference signals. The first set of sidelink beam management reference signals is transmitted on at least one of multiple antenna panels or antenna elements. The apparatus includes the at least one of the multiple antenna panels or the antenna elements or the at least one of the multiple antenna panels or the antenna elements is connectable to the apparatus. The second set of sidelink beam management reference signals is transmitted simultaneously on at least two of the multiple antenna panels or antenna elements. It is further disclosed an according apparatus, program and system.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for configuring a broadband antenna system. An example electronic device includes a first antenna operating at a first frequency range and coupled to a first transceiver via a first signal path comprising a first indirect feed. The electronic device also includes a second antenna operating at a second frequency range and coupled to a second transceiver via a second signal path comprising a second indirect feed, wherein the first frequency range is lower than the first frequency range. The electronic device also includes a third antenna operating at the second frequency range and coupled to a third transceiver via a second signal path comprising a third indirect feed. Additionally, the first antenna is coupled to the first antenna and the second antenna by a capacitive coupling element.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from selectively monitoring alternative links. In certain example embodiments, an apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine that at least one obstacle has entered at least one predefined region and transmit to at least one network entity at least one indication comprising at least one predicted-power back off (P-PBO) value. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to generate at least one predictive-PBO report (P-PBOR) and transmit the at least one P-PBOR to the at least one network entity.

Abstract: For a UE supporting a H-AP configuration including uniform APs and non-uniform APs, determining a configuration for two patch feed connections on dual polarized panel elements of an antenna array to be used for transmission on the uniform AP. The UE receives, from an access node, information indicative of a first uplink RS configuration associated with the non-uniform APs and a second uplink RS configuration associated with the uniform APs. The UE transmits, to the access node, at least one of a first set of uplink RSs based on the first uplink RS configuration associated with the non-uniform APs or a second set of uplink RSs based on the second uplink RS configuration associated with the uniform APs and based on the configuration for the two patch feed connections.

Abstract: A dynamic antenna port power compensation and control method is provided. A method for implementing a dynamic antenna port power compensation and control scheme may include determining a target antenna port power level and obtaining at least one antenna port coherence precoding vector for a plurality of antenna ports. The at least one antenna port coherence precoding vector may be based on the target antenna port power level. The method may also include transmitting, to a network entity, at least one antenna port coherence precoding vector, which may include a coherence capability across a plurality of antenna ports. The method may include receiving, from the network entity, at least one precoding configuration indicating a phase precoding vector associated with a transmission layer. The phase precoding vector associated with the transmission layer may be based on the at least one antenna port coherence precoding vector.

Abstract: An apparatus, including an antenna array of antenna elements having signal feeds configured to convey a pair of radio frequency signals related to a pair of polarised beams; and circuitry coupled to the signal feeds and configured to vary a gain of the pair of radio frequency signals conveyed between the signal feeds and front end circuitry to vary an orientation of the pair of polarised beams.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising, detecting a maximum permissible exposure event or that the maximum permissible exposure event is potential, determining at least one beam for a contention-free random access based beam failure recovery procedure, wherein the at least one beam is affected, or will be affected, by the maximum permissible exposure event and transmitting to a wireless network node at least one indication about the at least one beam.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a terminal device, a method, an apparatus and a computer readable storage medium for determination of antennas for an A-IoT communication. In the solution, a terminal device may determine whether a communication link with a network device is capable of switching from a first antenna to a different antenna, and further determine a set of antennas available for a communication with a power-limited device based on a determination result for the communication link with the network device. Specifically, the terminal device may determine whether the first antenna which is used for a communication link with a network device can be included into the set of antennas available for a communication with a power-limited device. As a result, a communication with the network device and a communication with the power-limited device can be concurrently performed by the terminal device.

Abstract: An apparatus (e.g. a user device), method and computer program is described to perform steps including: receiving at a user device, while the user device in is an inactive, unconnected or idle mode, a paging message for positioning determination from one or more of a plurality of network nodes in a radio network; and transmitting, a same group channel preamble message dedicated for positioning determination, to a group of network nodes which are selected by the user device, wherein the same group channel preamble message which being a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble message, is transmitted under a single random access channel occasion (RO).

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product for: selecting (405), based on at least one first criterion, a set of antenna elements, determining (410) a radio beam codebook comprising a plurality of radio beam configurations for the set of antenna elements, determining (415) a radiation pattern obtainable based on the radio beam codebook, determining (420), based on the obtainable radiation pattern, a radio beam configuration that fulfills a second criterion, and applying (425) the radio beam configuration to a radio beam provided by the set of antenna elements.

Abstract: A method comprising receiving a positioning reference signal request, determining positioning requirements associated with the received positioning reference signal request, determining capabilities of a terminal device, determining an antenna array radiation pattern beam width for a position reference signal based, at least partly on the determined positioning requirements and the determined capabilities of the terminal device, obtaining a value for a compensation parameter based on the determined antenna array radiation pattern beam width, performing beam steering towards a target access node, and performing a timing compensation using the compensation parameter with the obtained value.

Abstract: Example embodiments may relate to an apparatus, method and/or computer program for managing timing advance loops. The method may comprise receiving, at a user equipment from a plurality of network nodes, respective downlink reference signals, wherein an antenna system of the user equipment receives the downlink reference signals using a wide beam configuration. The method may also comprise performing measurements on the received downlink reference signals to determine a parameter and for determining that the parameter does not meet a predetermined criteria. Based on the parameter not meeting the predetermined criteria, the method may comprise configuring the antenna system such that at least one of the downlink reference signals is received using a narrow beam configuration. The method may involve re-performing the measurements on downlink reference signals from the plurality of network nodes.

Abstract: A method including receiving a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal is having a first bandwidth in a first frequency range, determining an angle of arrival of a line of sight component of the first reference signal, receiving a second reference signal, wherein the second reference signal is having a second bandwidth in a second frequency range, wherein the second bandwidth is greater than the first bandwidth, determining a time of arrival of a line of sight component of the second reference signal, based on the first reference signal and on the second reference signal, determining a link quality measure, and based on the link quality measure, the time of arrival and the angle of arrival, performing a position estimation to obtain an estimated position, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received from a same transmit-receive point.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes at least receiver circuitry, a processor, and memory. The apparatus also includes a plurality of directional antennas configured to simultaneously receive different downlink signals for each polarization. The apparatus further includes control circuitry for controlling processes for beam sweeping, beam refinement, and selecting a beam pair that maximizes signal strength while minimizing inter-layer-group interference. A portable electronic device and a stationary electronic device that include the apparatus are also provided. A method carried out by means, such as the apparatus, is also provided. A computer program product, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium, for causing an apparatus to carry out such a method is also provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radio channel pattern matching. One method may include receiving, at an antenna panel, at least two configured transmission configuration indicator states for simultaneous multiple input multiple output reception; for each of the at least two configured transmission configuration indicator states for simultaneous reception from one or more transmission reception points, sweeping at least one narrow beam receiving one or more repeated reference signals received from the one or more transmission reception points; and, based upon at least one spatial radio multipath channel characteristic of the one or more repeated reference signals carrying each transmission configuration indicator state, selecting at least one antenna element of the antenna panel to form a group of antenna elements and control the group of antenna elements to direct at least one beam.

Abstract: A user equipment, UE, includes at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the user equipment at least to perform determining a multi-antenna port calibration capability of the UE, wherein the multi-antenna port calibration capability depends on a capability of the UE to perform relative phase and/or amplitude calibration between multiple antenna ports of the UE.